Exploring the Utilization of ICT in Physics Learning at Senior High Schools in Demak: Opportunities and Challenges
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study aims to explore the use of ICT-based physics learning media by physics teachers in high schools in Demak Regency. In addition, this study identifies challenges and opportunities in the application of ICT to improve the quality of physics learning.
Methodology: This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire, as well as documentation related to ICT infrastructure. Purposive sampling technique was used to select two physics teachers and six students at State Senior High School 3 Demak. Data analysis refers to the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.
Main Findings: This study found that the use of ICT-based learning media in physics learning at State Senior High School 3 Demak can improve students' understanding of abstract concepts. Teachers used PowerPoint, learning videos, simulations, and digital platforms. The main challenges included limited ICT facilities, unstable internet connections, and teachers' diverse technological skills. Students showed positive responses to ICT-based learning, but still needed a combination of conventional methods. Adaptive strategies are needed to overcome the constraints of technology accessibility.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study enriches the literature with an in-depth case study approach, reveals practical solutions in ICT integration, and emphasizes the importance of a combination of conventional and digital methods for learning effectiveness.
References
G. Anggadwita, L. P. Dana, V. Ramadani, and R. Y. Ramadan, “Empowering Islamic boarding schools by applying the humane entrepreneurship approach: the case of Indonesia,” Int. J. Entrep. Behav. Res., vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 1580–1604, 2021, doi: 10.1108/IJEBR-11-2020-0797.
J. K. Debrah, D. G. Vidal, and M. A. P. Dinis, “Raising awareness on solid waste management through formal education for sustainability: A developing countries evidence review,” Recycling, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–21, 2021, doi: 10.3390/recycling6010006.
T. H. Morris and M. Rohs, “ResearchSPAce learning in formal education of children : a scoping review,” Interact. Learn. Environ., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 1974–1987, 2021, doi: 10.1080/10494820.2020.1870501.
M. Akour and M. Alenezi, “Higher education future in the era of digital transformation,” Educ. Sci., vol. 12, no. 784, pp. 1–13, 2022, doi: 10.3390/educsci12110784.
S. O. Pela, N. N. Le, P. G. Kaboro, and A. Nurjamil, “Innovation of physics e-module : Utilizing local wisdom of Lampung ’ s handwritten batik in teaching heat and temperature material to foster students ’ scientific attitude,” SchrödingerJournal Phys. Educ., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 132–138, 2023, doi: 10.37251/sjpe.v4i4.924.
R. J. Sternberg, V. Glaveanu, S. Karami, J. C. Kaufman, S. N. Phillipson, and D. D. Preiss, “Meta-intelligence: understanding, control, and interactivity between creative, analytical, practical, and wisdom-based approaches in problem solving,” J. Intell., vol. 9, no. 2, 2021, doi: 10.3390/jintelligence9020019.
I. Gligorea, M. Cioca, R. Oancea, A.-T. Gorski, H. Gorski, and P. Tudorache, “Adaptive learning using artificial intelligence in e-learning: a literature review,” Educ. Sci., vol. 13, no. 12, p. 1216, 2023, doi: 10.3390/educsci13121216.
M. Liu and D. Yu, “Towards intelligent E-learning systems,” Educ. Inf. Technol., vol. 28, pp. 7845–7876, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10639-022-11479-6.
L. K. Kalyani, “The role of technology in education: enhancing learning outcomes and 21st century skills,” Int. J. Sci. Res. Mod. Sci. Technol., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 05–10, 2024, doi: 10.59828/ijsrmst.v3i4.199.
S. Nur’ariyani, J. Jumyati, Y. Yuliyanti, L. Nulhakim, and S. M. Leksono, “Scientific approach to learning science in elementary schools,” J. Penelit. Pendidik. IPA, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 6659–6666, 2023, doi: 10.29303/jppipa.v9i8.3680.
H. D. Assem, L. Nartey, E. Appiah, and J. K. Aidoo, “A review of students’ academic performance in physics: attitude, instructional methods, misconceptions and teachers qualification,” Eur. J. Educ. Pedagog., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 84–92, 2023, doi: 10.24018/ejedu.2023.4.1.551.
S. Cai, C. Liu, T. Wang, E. Liu, and J. C. Liang, “Effects of learning physics using Augmented Reality on students’ self-efficacy and conceptions of learning,” Br. J. Educ. Technol., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 235–251, 2021, doi: 10.1111/bjet.13020.
W. T. Wulandari, “Contextual learning approach : development of worksheet in physics subjects,” Schrödinger J. Phys. Educ., vol. 4, no. 2, 2023, doi: 10.37251/sjpe.v4i2.506.
B. Retni S, K. Dwi Agus, T. Elza, and P. Rahmat, “Evaluation of the Results of Attitudes and Self-Efficacy of Middle School Students in Science Subjects,” J. Educ. Res. Eval., vol. 5, no. 4, p. 525, 2021, doi: 10.23887/jere.v5i4.36409.
J. Jusmaniar, I. Riani, E. C. Anderson, M. C. Lee, and S. W. Oktavia, “Gasing game: ethnoscientific exploration of circular motion in physics learning on the coast of East Sumatra to build the character of perseverance,” Schrödinger J. Phys. Educ., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2024, doi: 10.37251/sjpe.v5i1.902.
J. Kim, S. Pak, and Y. H. Cho, “The role of teachers’ social networks in ICT-Based instruction,” Asia-Pacific Educ. Res., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 165–174, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s40299-020-00547-5.
J. Hidayah and P. Prihantoro, “ICT-Based learning in new normal era: viewed from practice and impact in ELT classroom,” ENGLISH Fr. Acad. J. English Lang. Educ., vol. 6, no. 1, p. 37, 2022, doi: 10.29240/ef.v6i1.4116.
F. Toma, A. Ardelean, C. Grădinaru, A. Nedelea, and D. C. Diaconu, “Effects of ICT integration in teaching using learning activities,” Sustain., vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 1–21, 2023, doi: 10.3390/su15086885.
S. Li, Y. Liu, and Y. S. Su, “Differential Analysis of Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) abilities according to teaching stages and educational levels,” Sustain., vol. 14, no. 12, 2022, doi: 10.3390/su14127176.
Y. Liu, L. Zhao, and Y. S. Su, “The impact of teacher competence in online teaching on perceived online learning outcomes during the COVID-19 outbreak: A moderated-mediation model of teacher resilience and age,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 19, no. 10, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph19106282.
C. Mwambela, H. Mondoh, and T. Thoruwa, “ICT use and its challenges in teaching secondary school physics in Mombasa County, Kenya,” Int. J. Humanit. Soc. Stud., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 67–73, 2020, doi: 10.24940/theijhss/2020/v8/i3/hs2003-068.
P. H. Santoso, E. Istiyono, and Haryanto, “Physics teachers’ perceptions about their judgments within differentiated learning environments: a case for the implementation of technology,” Educ. Sci., vol. 12, no. 9, 2022, doi: 10.3390/educsci12090582.
E. A. Abedi, S. Prestridge, and S. Hodge, “Teachers’ beliefs about technology integration in Ghana: a qualitative study of teachers’, headteachers’ and education officials’ perceptions,” Educ. Inf. Technol., vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 5857–5877, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s10639-023-12049-0.
A. I. Ngao, G. Sang, and J. E. Kihwele, “Understanding teacher educators’ perceptions and practices about ICT integration in teacher education program,” Educ. Sci., vol. 12, no. 8, 2022, doi: 10.3390/educsci12080549.
U. Hanifah, Z. Binti Adam, M. Faizin, I. Miftakhul Jannah, and Y. Hanafi, “Accelerating the digitalisation of learning post-COVID-19 era to improve the pedagogical competence of pre-service Arabic teachers,” Cogent Educ., vol. 11, no. 1, p., 2024, doi: 10.1080/2331186X.2024.2413241.
B. L. Browning, X. Tian, Y. Zhou, and S. R. Browning, “Fast two-stage phasing of large-scale sequence data,” Am. J. Hum. Genet., vol. 108, no. 10, pp. 1880–1890, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.08.005.
J. Curtius, M. Granzin, and J. Schrod, “Testing mobile air purifiers in a school classroom: Reducing the airborne transmission risk for SARS-CoV-2,” Aerosol Sci. Technol., vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 586–599, 2021, doi: 10.1080/02786826.2021.1877257.
X. Huang et al., “A survey of safety and trustworthiness of large language models through the lens of verification and validation,” Artif. Intell. Rev., vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 1–53, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s10462-024-10824-0.
J. R. Baldwin, J. B. Pingault, T. Schoeler, H. M. Sallis, and M. R. Munafò, “Protecting against researcher bias in secondary data analysis: challenges and potential solutions,” Eur. J. Epidemiol., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s10654-021-00839-0.
A. Vidak, I. Movre Šapić, V. Mešić, and V. Gomzi, “Augmented reality technology in teaching about physics: a systematic review of opportunities and challenges,” Eur. J. Phys., vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 1–43, 2024, doi: 10.1088/1361-6404/ad0e84.
Desnita, Festiyed, E. Afradisca, and I. P. Sari, “Comparison of learning media using teachers of Physics Senior High School in West Sumatra with curriculum demands,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1481, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1481/1/012103.
A. Hasas, W. Enayat, M. Hakimi, and E. Ahmady, “A comprehensive review of ICT integration in enhancing physics education,” Magnet. J. Inov. Pembelajaran Fis., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 36–44, 2024, doi: 10.30822/magneton.v2i1.3106.
K. Okoye et al., Impact of digital technologies upon teaching and learning in higher education in Latin America: an outlook on the reach, barriers, and bottlenecks, vol. 28, no. 2. Springer US, 2023. doi: 10.1007/s10639-022-11214-1.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dyah Catur Sulistyani, Thanat Krobthong, Omosa Elijah Mochama

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Schrödinger: Journal of Physics Education is the first publisher licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.