Emotional Resilience, Mood States, and Emotional Stability: Foundations for Digital Emotional Analytics and Technology-Enhanced Counseling in Swamp-Region Schools
Keywords:
Educational Technology, Emotional Resilience, Geopark, Mood States, Swamp Area
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study examines the relationship between emotional resilience and emotional stability among high school students living in swamp ecological regions in Indonesia and evaluates the mediating role of mood states (Depression, Esteem-related Affect, Vigour). It also highlights implications for technology-enhanced student emotional monitoring.
Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design with cluster sampling. Instruments included the Ecological Integrity Assessment (EIA) questionnaire, Profile of Mood States (POMS), and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale. Data were collected via paper-based surveys and analyzed using path analysis and SEM with maximum likelihood estimation in R and RStudio software..
Main Findings: Emotional resilience was associated with lower depression and higher vigour. Mood states significantly mediated the resilience–stability relationship, with vigour showing the strongest mediating effect. Students in swamp areas demonstrated high resilience yet exhibited poorer mood conditions than national norms.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Beyond psychological contributions, this study offers new insights for educational technology by identifying mood indicators that can be integrated into digital dashboards, LMS-based monitoring tools, and AI-driven counseling systems for geographically remote schools.
References
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Bellaiche, L., Lihardo, K., Williams, C., Chaffee, J., LaBar, K. S., & Seli, P. (2025). Selective emotion regulation in creative art production: Psychophysiological reactivity during painting reduces anxiety. IScience, 28(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112543.
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Ciren, Z. (2025). Effects of resilience interventions for adolescents and youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30(2), 145–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104524123456
Comer, P., & Faber-Langendoen, D. (2013). Assessing Ecological Integrity of Wetlands From National to Local Scales: Exploring the Predictive Power, and Limitations, of Spatial Models. National Wetlands Newsletter, 35(3), 20–22.
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Dupéré, V., Goulet, M., Archambault, I., Dion, E., Leventhal, T., & Crosnoe, R. (2019). Circumstances Preceding Dropout Among Rural High School Students: A Comparison with Urban Peers. Journal of Research in Rural Education, 35(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.26209/jrre3503.
Fan, M. S. N., Li, Y., & Zhao, Q. (2025). Nature-based interventions for enhancing resilience in children: Systematic review and policy implications. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1376542. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1376542
Francis, L. J., Lewis, C. A., & Ziebertz, H. G. (2006). The short-form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-S): A German edition. Social Behavior and Personality, 34(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.2.197.
Fuente, J. De, Santos, F. H., & Garzón-umerenkova, A. (2021). Cross-Sectional Study of Resilience , Positivity and Coping Strategies as Predictors of Engagement-Burnout in Undergraduate Students : Implications for Prevention and Treatment in Mental Well-Being. 12(February), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.596453.
Haag, A. C. (2024). Emotion regulation flexibility in adolescents: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 106, 102403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102403
Han, F., Li, T., & Zhao, X. (2022). Positive and negative mood states mediate the effects of psychological resilience on emotional outcomes: Evidence from a large adolescent sample. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 887213. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.887213
Hashim, N., Mahmud, N., & Ismail, M. (2022). Place attachment and resilience among students in UNESCO Global Geopark regions. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 948273. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.948273
Holz, N. E., Tost, H., & Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (2020). Resilience and the brain: a key role for regulatory circuits linked to social stress and support. Molecular Psychiatry, 25(2), 379–396. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0551-9.
Klootwijk, C. L. T., Lanting, P., & van Harmelen, A. (2021). Parental support and positive mood buffer adolescents’ academic stress: A longitudinal perspective. Journal of Adolescence, 90, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.002
Kwon, S., & Park, M. H. (2022). Mood states as mediators between emotional resilience and subjective well-being among adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 194, 111624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111624
Lenzo, V., Quattropani, M. C., Musetti, A., Zenesini, C., Freda, M. F., Lemmo, D., Vegni, E., Borghi, L., Plazzi, G., Castelnuovo, G., Cattivelli, R., Saita, E., & Stafford, N. P. (2020). Resilience Contributes to Low Emotional Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak Among the General Population in Italy. 11(November). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576485.
Llistosella, M., Rivera, J., & Vilela, S. (2024). Effectiveness of a school-based resilience intervention in at-risk adolescents: A randomized evaluation. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1225346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1225346
Lochbaum, M., Zanatta, T., & Moore, C. (2021). The Profile of Mood States and athletic performance: A systematic review. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 43(5), 345–361. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2021-0032
Lomax, T., Barnewall, M., & Stewart, A. (2024). The effect of nature on the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 14(3), e072145. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072145
Lopez, A. C., Torres, L., & Gomez, R. (2023). The mediating role of mood regulation in the relationship between resilience and psychological health: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 101, 102136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102136
Ma, Y., Liu, C., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Adolescents’ mindfulness and psychological distress: The mediating role of emotion regulation. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1357. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01357
Madera, F., Luna, C., & Nunez, R. (2025). Nature connectedness in adolescents and young adults: Links with well-being and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 104, 32–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2025.03.007
Mair, P., & Wilcox, R. (2020). Robust statistical methods in R using the WRS2 package. Behavior Research Methods, 52(2), 464–488. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01246-w.
Masten, A. S. (2021). Resilience of children in disasters: A multisystem perspective. International Journal of Psychology, 56(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12737.
Maund, P. R., Irvine, K. N., & Fisher, A. (2019). Wetlands for wellbeing: Piloting a nature-based health intervention for anxiety and depression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), 4415. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224415
Nguyen, T. H., Pham, D. T., & Le, H. Q. (2023). Emotional exhaustion and resilience among adolescents in flood-prone wetland areas: Evidence from the Mekong Delta. Child Indicators Research, 16(2), 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-022-09902-1
Nugroho, A., Handayani, L., & Putra, R. M. (2023). Ethical considerations and informed consent procedures in adolescent psychological research: A Southeast Asian perspective. Asian Journal of Educational Research and Ethics, 5(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.26858/ajere.v5i1.56340
Olszewski, H., Kieliszczyk, E., Hejła, M., & Wilczyńska, D. M. (2025). Quality of life and sexual attraction in physically active and inactive older people. Health Psychology Report, 13(1), 84–93. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/194438.
Overbey, T. A., Brooks, M., & Hudson, L. (2023). Nature-based interventions for vulnerable youth: A scoping review. Child & Youth Services Review, 153, 107028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107028
Patola, A., & Tridiyawati, F. (2022). Overview of Resilience in High School Students. Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif, 8(April), 203–211.
Pillay, J. (2023). Psychological, social, and physical ecologies for child resilience: a South African perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(July), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1190297.
Prapavessis, H. (1993). Abbreviated POMS Questionnaire (items and scoring key) SEE PROFILE. April. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299823508.
Rahman, F., Yusuf, A., & Hasan, R. (2024). Cultural adaptation and emotional stability among adolescents in ecologically marginal communities. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 27(1), 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12512
Rahmadani, D., & Sari, P. A. (2022). Cluster sampling approach in assessing student learning motivation in Indonesian secondary schools. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 29(3), 211–220. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpp.v29i3.47210
Riepenhausen, Antje, Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C, Deter, Hans-Christian, Kalisch, Raffael, Veer, Ilya M, & Walter, Henrik. (2022). Positive Cognitive Reappraisal in Stress Resilience, Mental Health, and Well-Being: A Comprehensive Systematic Review. Emotion Review, 14(4), 310–331. https://doi.org/10.1177/17540739221114642.
Scharpf, F., Kaltenbach, E., Nickerson, A., & Hecker, T. (2021). A systematic review of socio-ecological factors contributing to risk and protection of the mental health of refugee children and adolescents. Clinical Psychology Review, 83, 101930. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101930.
Selmi, O., Ben Khalifa, W., & Chamari, K. (2023). Monitoring mood state to improve performance and well-being: A review of POMS usage in sport and education. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1114297. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1114297
Sulaiman, A. A., Sulaeman, Y., & Minasny, B. (2019). A Framework for the Development of Wetland for. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources8010034.
Supriatna, J., & Lenz, R. (2022). Sustainable Environmental Management : Lesson from Indonesia (Cetakan ke- 1)No Title. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Taylor, Z. E., & Ruiz, Y. (2019). Executive function, dispositional resilience, and cognitive engagement in Latinx children of migrant farmworkers. Children and Youth Services Review, 100, 57–63. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.02.025.
Ungar, M., & Theron, L. (2020). Resilience and mental health: how multisystemic processes contribute to positive outcomes. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(5), 441–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30434-1.
van de Groep, S., Zanolie, K., & Crone, E. A. (2020). Daily fluctuations in adolescents’ mood and social behavior during academic stress. PLOS ONE, 15(9), e0239236. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239236
White, R. G., Van Der Boor, C., & Asnaani, A. (2023). Environmental adversity and adolescent psychological resilience: Cross-cultural perspectives on adaptive coping. Journal of Adolescent Research, 38(2), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1177/07435584231104567
Wu, Y., Sang, Z. Q., Zhang, X. C., & Margraf, J. (2020). The Relationship Between Resilience and Mental Health in Chinese College Students: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(February). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00108.
Xu, W., Silva, R. M., Trybulski, R., Han, X., Yu, Y., & Clemente, F. M. (2025). The Effect of Well-Being and Exercise Intensity on Enjoyment in Soccer Players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 24(2), 292–302. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2025.292
Yang, Y., Liu, R., & Wang, X. (2023). Place attachment buffers against the effect of perceived discrimination on psychological distress among adolescents. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 86, 102046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102046
Yeun, E. J., & Shin-Park, K. K. (2006). Verification of the profile of mood states-brief: cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(9), 1173–1180. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20269,
Bai, Y., Lin, Q., & Zhang, H. (2024). Neural correlates of emotional resilience and stress adaptation among adolescents: A longitudinal neuroimaging study. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 67, 101326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101326
Ballard, M. (2024). A critical evaluation of adolescent resilience self-report measures: Implications for research and practice. Personality and Individual Differences, 219, 112365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2024.112365
Bellaiche, L., Lihardo, K., Williams, C., Chaffee, J., LaBar, K. S., & Seli, P. (2025). Selective emotion regulation in creative art production: Psychophysiological reactivity during painting reduces anxiety. IScience, 28(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112543.
Brinkhof, Lotte P, Chambon, Monique, Ridderinkhof, K. Richard, van Harreveld, Frenk, Murre, Jaap M J, Krugers, Harm J, & de Wit, Sanne. (2023). Resilience Among Older Individuals in the Face of Adversity: How Demographic and Trait Factors Affect Mental-Health Constructs and Their Temporal Dynamics. Clinical Psychological Science, 12(4), 563–585. https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026231190294. Cao, L., Chen, J., & Zhao, Y. (2023). Climate instability, environmental stress, and adolescent emotion regulation: A global perspective. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 86, 102049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102049
Ciren, Z. (2025). Effects of resilience interventions for adolescents and youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30(2), 145–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104524123456
Comer, P., & Faber-Langendoen, D. (2013). Assessing Ecological Integrity of Wetlands From National to Local Scales: Exploring the Predictive Power, and Limitations, of Spatial Models. National Wetlands Newsletter, 35(3), 20–22.
Crandon, T. J., Scott, J. G., Charlson, F. J., & Thomas, H. J. (2022). A social–ecological perspective on climate anxiety in children and adolescents. Nature Climate Change, 12(2), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-021-01251-y.
Dang, L., & Weiss, J. (2021). Evidence on the relationship between place attachment and behavioral intentions: A systematic literature review. Sustainability, 13(23), 13138. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313138
Dupéré, V., Goulet, M., Archambault, I., Dion, E., Leventhal, T., & Crosnoe, R. (2019). Circumstances Preceding Dropout Among Rural High School Students: A Comparison with Urban Peers. Journal of Research in Rural Education, 35(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.26209/jrre3503.
Fan, M. S. N., Li, Y., & Zhao, Q. (2025). Nature-based interventions for enhancing resilience in children: Systematic review and policy implications. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1376542. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1376542
Francis, L. J., Lewis, C. A., & Ziebertz, H. G. (2006). The short-form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-S): A German edition. Social Behavior and Personality, 34(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.2.197.
Fuente, J. De, Santos, F. H., & Garzón-umerenkova, A. (2021). Cross-Sectional Study of Resilience , Positivity and Coping Strategies as Predictors of Engagement-Burnout in Undergraduate Students : Implications for Prevention and Treatment in Mental Well-Being. 12(February), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.596453.
Haag, A. C. (2024). Emotion regulation flexibility in adolescents: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 106, 102403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102403
Han, F., Li, T., & Zhao, X. (2022). Positive and negative mood states mediate the effects of psychological resilience on emotional outcomes: Evidence from a large adolescent sample. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 887213. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.887213
Hashim, N., Mahmud, N., & Ismail, M. (2022). Place attachment and resilience among students in UNESCO Global Geopark regions. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 948273. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.948273
Holz, N. E., Tost, H., & Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (2020). Resilience and the brain: a key role for regulatory circuits linked to social stress and support. Molecular Psychiatry, 25(2), 379–396. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0551-9.
Klootwijk, C. L. T., Lanting, P., & van Harmelen, A. (2021). Parental support and positive mood buffer adolescents’ academic stress: A longitudinal perspective. Journal of Adolescence, 90, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.002
Kwon, S., & Park, M. H. (2022). Mood states as mediators between emotional resilience and subjective well-being among adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 194, 111624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111624
Lenzo, V., Quattropani, M. C., Musetti, A., Zenesini, C., Freda, M. F., Lemmo, D., Vegni, E., Borghi, L., Plazzi, G., Castelnuovo, G., Cattivelli, R., Saita, E., & Stafford, N. P. (2020). Resilience Contributes to Low Emotional Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak Among the General Population in Italy. 11(November). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576485.
Llistosella, M., Rivera, J., & Vilela, S. (2024). Effectiveness of a school-based resilience intervention in at-risk adolescents: A randomized evaluation. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1225346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1225346
Lochbaum, M., Zanatta, T., & Moore, C. (2021). The Profile of Mood States and athletic performance: A systematic review. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 43(5), 345–361. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2021-0032
Lomax, T., Barnewall, M., & Stewart, A. (2024). The effect of nature on the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 14(3), e072145. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072145
Lopez, A. C., Torres, L., & Gomez, R. (2023). The mediating role of mood regulation in the relationship between resilience and psychological health: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 101, 102136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102136
Ma, Y., Liu, C., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Adolescents’ mindfulness and psychological distress: The mediating role of emotion regulation. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1357. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01357
Madera, F., Luna, C., & Nunez, R. (2025). Nature connectedness in adolescents and young adults: Links with well-being and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 104, 32–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2025.03.007
Mair, P., & Wilcox, R. (2020). Robust statistical methods in R using the WRS2 package. Behavior Research Methods, 52(2), 464–488. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01246-w.
Masten, A. S. (2021). Resilience of children in disasters: A multisystem perspective. International Journal of Psychology, 56(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12737.
Maund, P. R., Irvine, K. N., & Fisher, A. (2019). Wetlands for wellbeing: Piloting a nature-based health intervention for anxiety and depression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), 4415. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224415
Nguyen, T. H., Pham, D. T., & Le, H. Q. (2023). Emotional exhaustion and resilience among adolescents in flood-prone wetland areas: Evidence from the Mekong Delta. Child Indicators Research, 16(2), 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-022-09902-1
Nugroho, A., Handayani, L., & Putra, R. M. (2023). Ethical considerations and informed consent procedures in adolescent psychological research: A Southeast Asian perspective. Asian Journal of Educational Research and Ethics, 5(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.26858/ajere.v5i1.56340
Olszewski, H., Kieliszczyk, E., Hejła, M., & Wilczyńska, D. M. (2025). Quality of life and sexual attraction in physically active and inactive older people. Health Psychology Report, 13(1), 84–93. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/194438.
Overbey, T. A., Brooks, M., & Hudson, L. (2023). Nature-based interventions for vulnerable youth: A scoping review. Child & Youth Services Review, 153, 107028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107028
Patola, A., & Tridiyawati, F. (2022). Overview of Resilience in High School Students. Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif, 8(April), 203–211.
Pillay, J. (2023). Psychological, social, and physical ecologies for child resilience: a South African perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(July), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1190297.
Prapavessis, H. (1993). Abbreviated POMS Questionnaire (items and scoring key) SEE PROFILE. April. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299823508.
Rahman, F., Yusuf, A., & Hasan, R. (2024). Cultural adaptation and emotional stability among adolescents in ecologically marginal communities. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 27(1), 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12512
Rahmadani, D., & Sari, P. A. (2022). Cluster sampling approach in assessing student learning motivation in Indonesian secondary schools. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 29(3), 211–220. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpp.v29i3.47210
Riepenhausen, Antje, Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C, Deter, Hans-Christian, Kalisch, Raffael, Veer, Ilya M, & Walter, Henrik. (2022). Positive Cognitive Reappraisal in Stress Resilience, Mental Health, and Well-Being: A Comprehensive Systematic Review. Emotion Review, 14(4), 310–331. https://doi.org/10.1177/17540739221114642.
Scharpf, F., Kaltenbach, E., Nickerson, A., & Hecker, T. (2021). A systematic review of socio-ecological factors contributing to risk and protection of the mental health of refugee children and adolescents. Clinical Psychology Review, 83, 101930. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101930.
Selmi, O., Ben Khalifa, W., & Chamari, K. (2023). Monitoring mood state to improve performance and well-being: A review of POMS usage in sport and education. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1114297. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1114297
Sulaiman, A. A., Sulaeman, Y., & Minasny, B. (2019). A Framework for the Development of Wetland for. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources8010034.
Supriatna, J., & Lenz, R. (2022). Sustainable Environmental Management : Lesson from Indonesia (Cetakan ke- 1)No Title. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Taylor, Z. E., & Ruiz, Y. (2019). Executive function, dispositional resilience, and cognitive engagement in Latinx children of migrant farmworkers. Children and Youth Services Review, 100, 57–63. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.02.025.
Ungar, M., & Theron, L. (2020). Resilience and mental health: how multisystemic processes contribute to positive outcomes. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(5), 441–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30434-1.
van de Groep, S., Zanolie, K., & Crone, E. A. (2020). Daily fluctuations in adolescents’ mood and social behavior during academic stress. PLOS ONE, 15(9), e0239236. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239236
White, R. G., Van Der Boor, C., & Asnaani, A. (2023). Environmental adversity and adolescent psychological resilience: Cross-cultural perspectives on adaptive coping. Journal of Adolescent Research, 38(2), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1177/07435584231104567
Wu, Y., Sang, Z. Q., Zhang, X. C., & Margraf, J. (2020). The Relationship Between Resilience and Mental Health in Chinese College Students: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(February). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00108.
Xu, W., Silva, R. M., Trybulski, R., Han, X., Yu, Y., & Clemente, F. M. (2025). The Effect of Well-Being and Exercise Intensity on Enjoyment in Soccer Players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 24(2), 292–302. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2025.292
Yang, Y., Liu, R., & Wang, X. (2023). Place attachment buffers against the effect of perceived discrimination on psychological distress among adolescents. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 86, 102046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102046
Yeun, E. J., & Shin-Park, K. K. (2006). Verification of the profile of mood states-brief: cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(9), 1173–1180. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20269,
Published
2025-12-17
How to Cite
Jarkawi, J., Sanjaya, S., Prasiska, E., & Ridhani, A. R. (2025). Emotional Resilience, Mood States, and Emotional Stability: Foundations for Digital Emotional Analytics and Technology-Enhanced Counseling in Swamp-Region Schools. Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.37251/jetlc.v3i2.2328
Section
Education
Copyright (c) 2025 Jarkawi Jarkawi, Sanjaya Sanjaya; Emilda Prasiska; Akhmad Ridhani
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