The Impact of the Question-and-Answer Method on Students' Comprehension of the Akidah Akhlak Lessons at MI Miftahul Ulum
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study aims to compare how well the lecture approach and question and answer format improve student understanding.
Methodology: This study uses a quasi-experimental design and a quantitative methodology. Thirty students make up the sample, which is split into two groups: 15 students in the experimental group, which employs the question-and-answer format, and 15 students in the control group, which operates the lecture format. Pretests and posttests were used to gather data, and paired and independent t-tests were used for analysis.
Main Findings: The statistical analysis is validated by the findings of the homogeneity test, which indicate that the variance of the two groups is equal (p = 0.17). According to the results, students' comprehension is improved more by the question-and-answer format than by the lecture format. With a statistically significant difference (p = 2.1 × 10⁻⁶), the experimental group's posttest score (86.53) was higher than the control group's (68.8). Constructivist philosophy, which emphasises the value of interaction in creating knowledge, is consistent with these findings.
Novelty/Originality of this study: According to the study, using a question-and-answer format greatly improves pupil comprehension. According to the practical implications, teachers should implement this approach to boost student involvement in Akidah Akhlak learning. Future studies can examine integrating the question-and-answer method with other instructional techniques for the best results.
References
L. Fardiani and M. I. S. P. U. I. Talaga, “Implementation of discovery learning model to improve student learning outcomes in aqidah akhlak learning at MIS PUI 1 Talaga,” Indones. J. Educ., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 123–137, 2025.
J. Beno, A. . Silen, and M. Yanti, “Implementation of integrative thematic learning to teach aqidah akhlak (moral education): a case in an islamic primary school in Indonesia,” Tadibia Islam., vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2022.
M. M. Pohan and R. S. Wisda, “The internalization of religious moderation values in aqidah and akhlaq courses at the faculty of tarbiyah and teacher training (FTIK) of IAIN Kerinci,” Azatiga J. Pendidik., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 307–318, 2024.
Fajri Zaenol; Syaidatul Mukaroma, “Pendidikan akhlak perspektif al ghazali dalam menanggulangi less moral value,” Edureligia; J. Pendidik. Agama Islam, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 31–47, 2021
Z. Fajri, H. Baharun, C. Muali, Shofiatun, L. Farida, and Y. Wahyuningtiyas, “Student’s Learning Motivation and Interest; the Effectiveness of Online Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1899, no. 1, 2021, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1899/1/012178.
M. I. S. Darul and U. Kenongo, “Improving student learning outcomes in aqidah akhlak learning through the card sort method at MI darul ulum kenongo,” J. Action Res. Islam. Educ., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 194–204, 2025.
Y. Kholifah, M. Maarif, N. Darul, and U. Ranupakis, “Implementation of discovery learning to increase student activeness in aqidah akhlak lessons at MI maarif NU darul ulum ranupakis,” Etnopedagogi J. Pendidik. dan Kebud., vol. 1, no. 10, pp. 167–182, 2024.
A. Halik and S. Nurhayati, “The role of teacher strategies in increasing student motivation in aqidah akhlak subjects,” Int. J. Acad. Res. Bus. Soc. Sci., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 2688–2695, 2024.
N. Mawaddah, “Implementation of moral aqidah learning on student discipline,” ETDC Indones. J. Res. Educ. Rev., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 37–43, 2023, doi: 10.51574/ijrer.v2i3.999.
L. Fajriyah and M. I. Ma, “Efforts to improve learning outcomes of aqidah akhlak with the index card match method for class III students of MI Ma ’ arif 01 Cilopadang,” Indones. J. Educ. Basic, vol. 2, no. March, pp. 156–174, 2025.
A. R. G. Hsb and M. S. A. Ramadhani, “Strategi pengembangan profesionalisme guru PAI dalam menghadapi tantangan pendidikan di era globalisasi,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan FKIP Universitas Lampung, 2024, pp. 111–120.
M. S. I. Waqfin and R. Jannah, “The effectiveness and strategy aqidah akhlak teacher in online learning MAN 10 Jombang: online learning.,” Sch. Soc. Lit. …, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 97–104, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.unwaha.ac.id/index.php/jurnal_pengabdian/article/view/1239
B. Basinun, D. Febrini, E. Ellyana, and S. Yuliani, “Pedagogical competence of akidah akhlak teachers in instilling the values of tawhid,” JPPI (Jurnal Penelit. Pendidik. Indones., vol. 8, no. 4, p. 1247, 2022, doi: 10.29210/020232145.
M. I. S. D. Istiqomah, “Implementation of contextual teaching and learning strategy in improving learning outcomes of the subject of aqidah akhlak at MI darul istiqomah Srigading,” Etnopedagogi J. Pendidik. dan Kebud., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 134–143, 2025.
M. I. M. Ihsan, “The influence of learning aqidah akhlak with game methods on student behavior at miftahul ihsan elementary School,” Etnopedagogi J. Pendidik. dan Kebud., vol. 1, no. 10, pp. 167–181, 2024.
A. Prastowo, “Spiritualistic humanistic communication strategy on learning aqidah akhlaq at madrasah ibtidaiyah negeri 1 Yogyakarta , Indonesia,” Nadwa J. Pendidik. Islam, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 65–72, 2019.
A. Ahmad, B. Mustafa, D. Sunendar, and I. T. Rahman, “The effect of the flipped classroom model to improve critical thinking and reading comprehension for fifth-grade students,” QALAMUNA J. Pendidikan, Sos. dan Agama, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 419–434, 2022, doi: 10.37680/qalamuna.v14i1.4248.
Y. M. Restu, M. Rahmawati, A. Tsamroh, J. Jaelani, and S. H. Muntaha, “Implementation of story-based aqidah and akhlak learning in cultivating noble character at SMP PUI ci urug,” pp. 22–29, 2021.
A. Ab. Majid, “Inter-religious dialogue: detrimental to aqidah or medium of Da’wah?,” Int. J. Acad. Res. Bus. Soc. Sci., vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 2518–2532, 2022, doi: 10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i10/15533.
T. Febrianti, A. Yusuf, and A. Ma’ruf, “The implementation of the quantum teaching instructional model in improving aqidah akhlak learning outcomes for 8th-grade students at mts darussalam pungging district, Mojokerto regency,” Educ. J. Educ. Multimed., vol. 1, no. 02, pp. 37–42, 2023.
D. Khanah, N. Ahmad, R. Alam, and U. M. Yogyakarta, “The utilization of the blooket application to enhace the learning of akidah akhlak subject at junior high school,” SCAFFOLDING J. Pendidik. Islam dan Multikulturalisme, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 258–278, 2025, doi: 10.37680/scaffolding.v7i1.6976.
A. Sari, S. Fatimah, and S. Simanjutak, “The implementation of the contextual learning approach in akidah akhlak lesson in madrasah tsanawiyah alfalah tarutung,” J. Islam. Educ. Innov., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 9–18, 2023.
D. D. I. Awang-awang, “Optimizing digital media to enhance learning outcomes in aqidah akhlak : a case study at madrasah ibtidaiyah,” Al-Iftah J. Islam. Stud. Soc., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 110–119, 2024.
P. A. Nauli, “The analysis of islamic moral and faith (aqidah akhlak) learning methods in improving understanding of character education of students at SM yaspend an-naas binjai,” Aksaqila Int. Humanit. Soc. Sci. [AIHSS] J., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 41–49, 2024, doi: 10.30596/aihss.v3i1.424.
M. Desta Pradana and Y. O. Owa-Onire Uthman, “Development of aqidah akhlak learning media ‘board game based on education fun on the theme of commendable morals (E-Fun A2M)’ for high school students,” Assyfa Learn. J., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 25–36, 2023, doi: 10.61650/alj.v1i1.9.
A. Qohar, S. Hadi, Z. R. Rahman, H. Abdulloh, and B. Syafii, “Think pair share strategy on the topic of heart diseases in the subject of aqidah akhlak,” Bidayatuna, vol. 08, no. 01, pp. 1–12, 2025, doi: 10.54471/bidayatuna.v8i1.3444.
Y. Siregar, “Pembelajaran aktif dalam mata pelajaran akidah akhlak menggunakan model quantum teaching di madrasah,” Imamah J. Manaj. Pendidik. Islam, vol. 1, no. 2, 2023.
S. L. Ayuni, “The material of akidah and akhlak in shaping the character of 10th grade students at mas islamiyah sunggal,” JIMAD J. Ilm. Mutiara Pendidik., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 970–978, 2024.
. Tumiran Marista, Refi, “Implementation of cooperative learning method in aqidah akhlak subject at SMA IT jabal noor,” JIMAD J. Ilm. Mutiara Pendidik., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1118–1126, 2024.
L. Hamidah and A. Maqi, “Contextual learning and teaching to improve students understanding of aqidah and akhlak,” Ats-Tsaqofi J. Pendidik. dan Manaj. Islam, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 83–95, 2024.
A. Simanungkalit, N. Putri, and V. Tasril, “Project based learning method to increase students’ interest and understanding in learning aqidah akhlak at MTS negeri 1 Magetan,” Indones. J. Educ., vol. 8, no. Xx, pp. 468–478, 2023.
. dan Harahap Prihartono, S, A, “The use of learning media in efforts to increase students’ learning motivation in aqidah akhlak subject at Mts Al-Azhar Medan,” JIMAD J. Ilm. Mutiara Pendidik., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 193–202, 2025.
Q. A. Tambunan, A. I. Sinaga, and S. Salamuddin, “The implementation of blended learning in akidah akhlak lesson during covid-19 pandemic in madrasah,” J. Basicedu, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 2151–2160, 2022, doi: 10.31004/basicedu.v6i2.2310.
M. S. Nw and T. Putik, “Improving student learning outcomes in aqidah akhlak learning at mts s nw tembeng putik through active learning Models,” Indones. J. Educ., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 156–167, 2025.
N. Sudjana, “Media pengajaran,” 2009.
S. Tambak and D. Sukenti, “Strengthening linguistic and emotional intelligence of madrasah teachers in developing the question and answer methods,” MIQOT J. Ilmu-ilmu Keislam., vol. 43, no. 1, p. 111, 2019, doi: 10.30821/miqot.v43i1.672.
W. Tuburpon, M. Basuki, and R. Dobo, “Implementation of question and answer method to improve student learning outcomes at MTs basuki rahmat dobo,” Asian J. Educ. Teach., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 446–455, 2025.
M. Aziz, D. S. Napitupulu, and F. A. Parapat, “The influence of teacher communication patterns in aqidah akhlak education on students ’ academic achievement,” Attadrib J. Pendidik. Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 71–86, 2025.
J. Sitohang, “Penerapan metode tanya jawab untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar ipa pada siswa sekolah dasar,” Suara Guru J. Ilmu Pendidik. Sos. sains, dan Hum., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 681–687, 2017.
W. Sanjaya, Strategi Pembelajaran Berorientasi Standar Proses Pendidikan. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media, 2016.
N. M. A. Purwati and K. S. Adnyana, “Penerapan model kolaboratif learning berbasis kearifan lokal dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas 3 SD negeri 2 bila,” Edukasi J. Pendidik. Dasar, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2025.
D. Sugiyono, “Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D,” 2013.
M. Saleh and M. Chalish, “Pengaruh LKPD berbasis inkuiri terbimbing terhadap pengembangan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran sains,” J. Serambi Ilmu, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 61–71, 2025.
I. Ishaq, “Membangun kemandirian belajar mahasiswa melalui pendekatan heutagogy dalam mata kuliah teori belajar dan pembelajaran membangun kemandirian belajar mahasiswa melalui pendekatan heutagogy dalam mata kuliah teori belajar dan pembelajaran,” J. Ris. dan Inov. Pembelajaran, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 2339–2350, 2024.
A. D. Harahap and Y. Arsini, “Pengaruh konseling kelompok dengan teknik self control dalam mengurangi perilaku bolos siswa,” Didakt. J. Kependidikan, vol. 13, no. 001 Des, pp. 647–658, 2024.
W. Wulandari, “Efektivitas metode mengajar yang variatif dalam keberhasilan pembelajaran bahasa inggris,” LANCAH J. Inov. Dan Tren, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 263–267, 2023.
J. Piaget, “Development and learning,” Read. child Behav. Dev., pp. 38–46, 1972.
A. Suryadi, M. Damopilii, and U. Rahman, “Teori konstruktivisme dalam pembelajaran pai di madrasah,” CV jejak, 2022.
L. S. Vygotsky and M. Cole, Mind in society: Development of higher psychological processes. Harvard university press, 1978.
P. Muthaharo, P. Pitnizar, and S. Halimah, “Penerapan project based learning dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama islam (PAI) di Kelas VC SD Negeri 13/I Muara Bulian dengan menggunakan metode tanya jawab,” ISLAMIKA, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 93–106, 2025.
H. U. Ummi and I. Mulyaningsih, “Penerapan teori konstruktivistik pada pembelajaran bahasa arab di kelompok 28 program intensifikasi bahasa arab IAIN syekh nurjati cirebon,” Indones. Lang. Educ. Lit., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 162–172, 2016.
R. Saparina and S. Santosa, “Pengaruh model brain based learning (BBL) terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas X SMA Negeri Colomadu tahun pelajaran 2012/2013,” Bio-Pedagogi, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 78–91, 2013.
A. Hapsari, “Desain perkuliahan dengan prinsip konstruktivisme sosial: persepsi mahasiswa,” 2015.
A. Saharani and D. P. Sari, “Penerapan model pembelajaran konstruktivistik dalam pembelajaran PAI,” Piwulang J. Pendidik. Agama Islam, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 151–159, 2024.
R. A. Pratama and I. M. Pratiwi, “Hasil belajar sejarah Indonesia melalui pembelajaran aktif tipe everyone is a teacher here berdasarkan kemandirian belajar,” Sos. Horiz. J. Pendidik. Sos., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 96–107, 2019.
A. Bandura and R. H. Walters, Social learning theory, vol. 1. Prentice hall englewood cliffs, NJ, 1977.
C. R. Rogers, “Freedom to learn for the 80s. columbus-toronto-london-sydney: charles e. merrill company,” 1983.
Hunaidah, “Pengaaruh strategi komunikasi pembelajaran dan pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas belajar siswa di masa pandemi,” JIMMU, vol. 7, pp. 93–104, 2022.
Copyright (c) 2025 Niken Septantiningtyas, Zulfa Umi Zakiyah, Zaenol Fajri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Journal of Basic Education Research is the first publisher licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.
