Enhancing Field Activity Reporting through a Real-Time Telegram Chatbot Integrated with the Google Sheets API
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study aims to design and develop a Telegram chatbot integrated with the Google Sheets API as a smart evidence reporting solution to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and timeliness of field activity reporting.
Methodology: This study employed the Design Thinking approach as a user-centered system development method, consisting of five stages: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. Data were collected through observations and interviews with staff involved in the field activity. A Telegram chatbot prototype was developed using the Telegram Bot API and integrated with Google Sheets through Google Apps Script. System evaluation was conducted using Black Box Testing to assess functionality and User Acceptance Testing (UAT) to measure user perception and acceptance.
Main Findings: The results show that the developed chatbot system functions effectively as a smart evidence reporting tool. The integration enables real-time, automated, and structured storage of field activity data in Google Sheets. Black Box Testing confirmed that all system functions operated as expected, while User Acceptance Testing indicated a high level of user satisfaction, with an acceptance rate of 88%. The chatbot successfully supports fast data input, reduces reporting errors, and improves operational efficiency during field activities.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in the use of a widely adopted messaging platform as the primary interface for structured field activity reporting. By leveraging Telegram as a conversational interface and integrating it directly with cloud-based data storage, this study presents a lightweight, low-cost, and easily deployable reporting solution.
References
A. Chatterjee, “Financial inclusion, information and communication technology diffusion, and economic growth: A panel data analysis,” Information Technology for Development, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 607-635, 2020, doi: 10.1080/02681102.2020.1734770
R. Ulucak, D. Danish, and S. U.-D. Khan, “Does information and communication technology affect CO₂ mitigation under the pathway of sustainable development during the mode of globalization?,” Sustainable Development, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 857-867, 2020, doi: 10.1002/sd.2041
T. Tanti, W. Utami, D. Deliza, and M. Jahanifar, “Investigation in vocation high school for attitude and motivation students in learning physics subject”, Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 479-490, 2025, doi: 10.37251/jee.v6i2.1452.
F. Schiavone, M. C. Pietronudo, A. Sabetta, and M. Ferretti, “Total quality service in digital era,” The TQM Journal, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 1170-1193, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-12-2021-0377
T. Czvetkó, A. Kummer, T. Ruppert, and J. Abonyi, “Data-driven business process management-based development of Industry 4.0 solutions,” CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, vol. 36, pp. 117-132, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2021.12.002
T. M. Pham and H. N. Nguyen, “Insights into digital transformation adoption in state-owned organizations: A study from Vietnam,” Journal of Business and Management Studies, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 249-259, 2023, doi: 10.32996/jbms.2023.5.5.21
PT Telkom Indonesia, “Corporate profile and digital transformation initiatives,” PT Telkom Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2023.
T. Tanti, A. Astalini, D. A. Kurniawan, D. Darmaji, T. O. Puspitasari, and I. Wardhana, “Attitude for physics: The condition of high school students,” Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 126-132, 2021, doi: 10.15294/jpfi.v17i2.18919.
J. F. Fynn, W. Hardeman, K. Milton, J. Murphy, and A. Jones, “A systematic review of the use and reporting of evaluation frameworks within evaluations of physical activity interventions,” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 107, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s12966-020-01013-7
B. A. Holland, “Factors and strategies that influence faculty involvement in public service,” in Building the Field of Higher Education Engagement, London, UK: Routledge, 2023, pp. 55-62.
L. Fitriani, M. L. Khodra, and K. Surendro, “A conceptual framework for AI adoption in business architecture with case studies in higher education and government,” Discover Artificial Intelligence, vol. 5, pp. 409, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s44163-025-00673-3.
E. W. Schoon, “Fieldwork disrupted: How researchers adapt to losing access to field sites,” Sociological Methods & Research, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 3-37, 2025, doi: 10.1177/00491241231156961
H. Aghaei, T. Askaripoor, A. Meshkinian, and M. E. Ghaffari, “The impact of lighting and typography on medication prescription reading errors: An experimental study,” Health Scope, vol. 14, no. 14, 2025, doi: 10.5812/healthscope-160312
D. Shamba et al., “Barriers and enablers to routine register data collection for newborns and mothers: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study,” BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, vol. 21, pp. 233, 2021, doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03517-3
A. A. Zeleke, T. Naziyok, F. Fritz, L. Christianson, and R. Röhrig, “Data quality and cost-effectiveness analyses of electronic and paper-based interviewer-administered public health surveys: Systematic review,” Journal of Medical Internet Research, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 21382, 2021, doi: 10.2196/21382
X. Tong, M. Hamzei, and N. Jafari, “Towards secure and efficient data aggregation in blockchain-driven IoT environments: A comprehensive and systematic study,” Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 70061, 2025, doi: 10.1002/ett.70061
E. Dong et al., “The Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering COVID-19 dashboard: Data collection process, challenges faced, and lessons learned,” The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 370-376, 2022, doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00434-0
O. H. Olayinka, “Big data integration and real-time analytics for enhancing operational efficiency and market responsiveness,” International Journal of Scientific Research Archive, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 280-296, 2021, doi: 10.30574/ijsra.2021.4.1.0179
T. Tarannum and M. Z. Hossain, “Impact of real-time MIS on supply chain management: A case study approach,” Pacific Journal of Business Innovation and Strategy, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 38-48, 2024, doi: 10.70818/pjbis.2024.v01i01.013.
S. Zhu et al., “Intelligent computing: The latest advances, challenges, and future,” Intelligent Computing, vol. 2, 2023, doi: 10.34133/icomputing.0006
B. Klages and M. Zaeh, “Concept of a data-based approach for the prediction and reduction of human errors in manual assembly,” Procedia CIRP, vol. 116, pp. 209-214, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2023.02.036
D. S. Vijayan, A. L. Rose, S. Arvindan, J. Revathy, and C. Amuthadevi, “Automation systems in smart buildings: A review,” Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, pp. 1-13, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12652-020-02666-9
M. U. Tariq, M. Poulin, and A. A. Abonamah, “Achieving operational excellence through artificial intelligence: Driving forces and barriers,” Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 12, p. 686624, 2021, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.686624
P. S. Atmauswan and A. M. Abdullahi, “Intelligent chatbot for university information system using natural language approach,” Albukhary Social Business Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 59-64, 2022, doi: 10.55862/ASBJV3I2A007
D.-M. Park, S.-S. Jeong, and Y.-S. Seo, “Systematic review on chatbot techniques and applications,” Journal of Information Processing Systems, vol. 18, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.3745/JIPS.04.0232
A. Uzoka, E. Cadet, and P. U. Ojukwu, “Leveraging AI-powered chatbots to enhance customer service efficiency and future opportunities in automated support,” Computer Science & IT Research Journal, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 2485-2510, 2024, doi: 10.51594/csitrj.v5i10.1676
M. Hasal, J. Nowaková, K. A. Saghair, H. Abdulla, V. Snášel, and L. Ogiela, “Chatbots: Security, privacy, data protection, and social aspects,” Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, vol. 33, no. 19, pp. 6426, 2021, doi: 10.1002/cpe.6426
L. Thomas and S. Bhat, “A comprehensive overview of Telegram services: A case study,” International Journal of Case Studies in Business, IT, and Education, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 288-301, 2022, doi: 10.47992/IJCSBE.2581.6942.0165
R. Da Silva, A. Sinnun, and M. Tabrani, “Utilization of Telegram bot for integrated data visualization with Google Sheets at PT Telkom Cibitung,” Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering Applications, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 2260-2266, 2025, doi: 10.59934/jaiea.v4i3.1148
A. Bintang, A. L. Hananto, and A. Hananto, “Telegram bot application development integration with Google Sheets for sending service reporting,” Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering Applications, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 2208-2214, 2025, doi: 10.59934/jaiea.v4i3.1136
M. Kulaksız, “Informed empathy in design practice: Exploring designers’ empathy in reference to unfamiliar user groups,” 2024.
H. J. Kim, P. Yi, and B. W. Ko, “Deepening students’ experiences with problem identification and definition in an empathetic approach: Lessons from a university design-thinking program,” Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 852-865, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-04-2022-0128
M. K. Foster, “Design thinking: A creative approach to problem solving,” Management Teaching Review, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 123-140, 2021, doi: 10.1177/2379298120977719
S. BenMahmoud-Jouini and C. Midler, “Unpacking the notion of prototype archetypes in the early phase of an innovation process,” Creativity and Innovation Management, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 49-71, 2020, doi: 10.1111/caim.12337
N. A. Haqimi and R. T. Kusuma, “Timeline reminder system bot and Telegram assistant chatbot for a university student and lecturer,” Journal of Soft Computing Exploration, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 186-194, 2023, doi: 10.52465/jsce.v4i4.186
S. Borsci et al., “The chatbot usability scale: The design and pilot of a usability scale for interaction with AI-based conversational agents,” Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 95-119, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s00779-021-01586-0
M. Barbosa et al., “UX of chatbots: An exploratory study on acceptance of user experience evaluation methods,” in Proc. ICEIS, vol. 2, pp. 355-363, 2022, doi: 10.5220/0011081800003179
G. Bubaš, A. Čižmešija, and A. Kovačić, “Development of an assessment scale for measurement of usability and user experience characteristics of Bing Chat conversational AI,” Future Internet, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 4, 2023, doi: 10.3390/fi16010004
T.-L. Chen et al., “Development of an intelligent hospital information chatbot and evaluation of its system usability,” Enterprise Information Systems, vol. 19, no. 3-4, p. 2464746, 2025, doi: 10.1080/17517575.2025.2464746
R. Ren et al., “Experimentation for chatbot usability evaluation: A secondary study,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 12430-12464, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3143970
A. Widlak and R. Peeters, “Administrative errors and the burden of correction and consequence: How information technology exacerbates the consequences of bureaucratic mistakes for citizens,” International Journal of Electronic Governance, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 40-56, 2020, doi: 10.1504/IJEG.2020.106281
T. Tanti, A. Astalini, D. Darmaji, D. A. Kurniawan, and R. Fitriani, “Student perception review from gender: Electronic moduls of mathematical physics,” JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 125-132, 2022, doi: 10.23887/jpiundiksha.v11i1.35107.
M. Sarosa, M. H. Wijaya, H. Tolle, and A. E. Rakhmania, “Implementation of chatbot in online classes using Google Classroom,” Int. J. Comput., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 42-51, 2022, doi: 10.47839/ijc.21.1.2516
G. Ruscica, G. Tucci, and B. Carneiro, “TeleCatch: An open-access software for visualizing, filtering and extracting Telegram messages data,” Software Impacts, vol. 23, p. 100736, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.simpa.2024.100736
B. Fhakfaipouk, W. Tangjitwattanakorn, S. Baiklai, S. Phetmanee, and T. Phetmanee, “Development of a LINE chatbot (CAREBOTX) for providing information on specialized medications,” Interprofessional Journal of Health Sciences, vol. 23, no. 1, 2025.
W. Firdaus, “A tracer study design with WhatsApp chatbot integration using natural language processing,” Information Technology International Journal, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 89-95, 2024, doi: 10.33005/itij.v2i2.24
R. I. Meza, N. J. Hernández, N. S. González, and M. E. Flores, “Implementation of a Telegram chatbot for clinical data processing through voice messages,” in Proc. 2025 IEEE Central America and Panama Student Conf. (CONESCAPAN), 2025, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/CONESCAPAN67936.2025.11229528
G. Daniel and J. Cabot, “Applying model-driven engineering to the domain of chatbots: The Xatkit experience,” Sci. Comput. Program., vol. 232, p. 103032, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.scico.2023.103032
Y. Lappalainen and N. Narayanan, “Aisha: A custom AI library chatbot using the ChatGPT API,” J. Web Librariansh., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 37-58, 2023, doi: 10.1080/19322909.2023.2221477.
C. Y. Chang, S. M. Chien, and I. C. Hou, “An integrated questionnaire survey method utilizing cloud services and communication platforms: Enhancing research efficiency in healthcare settings,” in Proc. 2024 Int. Comput. Symp. (ICS), 2024, pp. 162-167, doi: 10.1109/ICS64339.2024.00036.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khansa Nabila, Nuur Wachid Abdulmajid
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Integrated Science Education Journal is the first publisher licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.
.png)
.png)
