The Influence of Democratic Leadership Style and Quality of Work Life on Science Teacher Performance
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study investigates the influence of democratic leadership style and quality of work life (QWL) on teacher performance in junior high schools.
Methodology: The research was conducted using a quantitative approach with a causal-associative design, involving 65 teachers from two schools in Tempuran Subdistrict, Karawang. Data were collected through validated and reliable questionnaires and analyzed using multiple regression.
Main Findings: The findings reveal that both democratic leadership style and QWL have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, both partially and simultaneously, with a combined contribution of 52.4%. These results underscore the importance of participatory leadership practices and teacher well-being in enhancing professionalism and productivity within educational settings.
Novelty/Originality of this Study: The novelty of this research lies in its integration of leadership and QWL into a single analytical model, whereas most prior studies examined these variables independently. By situating the study within the context of regional public schools, it offers new perspectives on educational management in environments that often face resource and welfare challenges. The implications are substantial for school principals and policymakers, as the findings highlight the need to strengthen human-centered leadership practices and establish supportive work conditions that foster job satisfaction, recognition, and commitment, ultimately improving student learning outcomes.
References
I. Purwaningsih, O. Oktariani, L. Hernawati, R. Wardarita, dan P. I. Utami, “Pendidikan sebagai suatu system [Education as a system],” Visionary, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 21, 2022, doi: 10.33394/vis.v10i1.5113.
S. Harahap, “Identifikasi kreativitas siswa terhadap mata pelajaran IPA [Identification of student creativity in science subjects],” In. Sci. Ed. J, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 16–22, Jan 2020, doi: 10.37251/isej.v1i1.21.
S. Suparlan, Wawasan Pendidikan: Sebuah Pengantar Pendidikan [Educational Insights: An Introduction to Education]. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruzzmedia, 2008.
A. L. Almonia, “Effectiveness of collaborative and individualized learning on the learners’ achievement in science among pupils,” In. Sci. Ed. J, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 115–124, Mei 2024, doi: 10.37251/isej.v5i2.482.
N. Juharti dan L. Kartika, “Comparison of student learning outcomes in class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Muaro Jambi,” In. Sci. Ed. J, vol. 2, no. 1, hlm. 13–19, Jan 2021, doi: 10.37251/isej.v2i1.127.
A. Murtopo, R. Rahmaisyah, dan J. Jusmaini, “Peran teknologi pendidikan dalam perspektif merdeka belajar di era digital 4.0 [The role of educational technology in the perspective of independent learning in the digital era 4.0],” Al-Afkar, vol. 11, no. 02, hlm. 96–110, Des 2023, doi: 10.32520/al-afkar.v11i02.626.
M. Hardiyati, F. Isnaini, W. Apriani, M. Hasanahti, dan P. H. Hasibuan, “Strategi meningkatkan kinerja guru yang professional [Strategies to improve professional teacher performance],” Cendekiawan : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Keislaman, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 19–25, 2022, doi: 10.61253/cendekiawan.v1i1.12.
F. Alhabsyi, S. S. Pettalongi, dan W. Wandi, “Peran kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru [The role of principal leadership in improving teacher performance],” jimpi, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 11–19, Mar 2022, doi: 10.24239/jimpi.v1i1.898.
S. Alvian dan Dian Ayu Liana Dewi, “Pengaruh lingkungan kerja, motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru SMP N 2 Kragan [The influence of work environment, work motivation and work discipline on the performance of teachers at SMP N 2 Kragan],” JSER, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 819–828, Des 2023, doi: 10.54783/jser.v5i2.190.
A. L. Tanjua, D. E. C. Dewi, N. Puspasari, H. Nugraha, dan D. Meylindo, “Kinerja guru dan permasalahannya [Teacher performance and its problems],” sidu, vol. 3, no. 4, hlm. 161–171, Des 2024, doi: 10.58192/sidu.v3i4.2729.
S. L. Ratnasari, D. Z. P. Dewi, C. F. Ukhriyawati, R. Hasibuan, E. A. Wibowo, dan V. T. Desi, “Kinerja guru dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya [Teacher performance and factors that influence it],” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Forum Manajemen Indonesia, vol. 1, pp. 595–604, 2023, doi: 10.47747/snfmi.v1i.1531.
I. Nurwahidah, R. Nisa, Nurjamaludin, dan R. Nurhidayat, “Karakteristik kepemimpinan efektif [Characteristics of effective leadership],” jupenus, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 449–456, Jan 2024, doi: 10.59996/jurnalpelitanusantara.v1i4.300.
M. Mahfud, “Pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, motivasi kerja, dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru Sma Negeri Se-Kota Bima [The influence of principal leadership, work motivation, and work discipline on the performance of state high school teachers in Bima City],” Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–17, 2020, doi: 10.38035/jmpis.v2i1.359.
Y. Kamijan, “Faktor internal dan faktor eksternalterhadap kinerja guru di masa pandemi Covid-19 [Internal and external factors affecting teacher performance during the Covid-19 pandemic],” Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Sistem Informasi, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 630–638, 2021, doi: 10.31933/jemsi.v2i5.589.
I. N. Firdaos, I. D. Pursitasari, dan I. Permana, “Pembelajaran argument driven inquiry pada materi suhu dan kalor untuk meningkatkan kemampuan argumentasi ilmiah siswa [Argument driven inquiry learning on temperature and heat material to improve students' scientific argumentation skills],” JPP, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 88–97, Agu 2021, doi: 10.17509/jpp.v21i2.37134.
W. Paul, “Penerapan hybrid leadership dalam meningkatkan semangat kerja dan kualitas kehidupan kerja (quality of work life) dalam perspektif syariah [The application of hybrid leadership in improving work enthusiasm and quality of work life from a sharia perspective.],” JESI, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 75–89, Mar 2023, doi: 10.57171/jesi.v2i1.76.
S. A. Nurcahyo, “Peningkatan perilaku kerja inovatif melalui kualitas kehidupan kerja dan pengembangan karir sebagai variabel mediasi studi kasus pada karyawan pt cisarua mountain dairy (cimory) cabang kabupaten semarang [Increasing innovative work behavior through quality of work life and career development as mediating variables in a case study of employees of PT Cisarua Mountain Dairy (Cimory) Semarang Regency Branch],” J. Ekon. dan Bisnis, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 20, Jan 2024, doi: 10.30659/ekobis.25.1.20-35.
A. Yulianti dan R. Dewanti, “Dampak burnout guru taman kanak-kanak terhadap kepuasan kerja di Sidoarjo [The impact of kindergarten teacher burnout on job satisfaction in Sidoarjo],” islamicPsychology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12, Jul 2024, doi: 10.47134/islamicpsychology.v1i1.47.
A. Ardiansyah, R. Risnita, and M. S. Jailani, “Teknik pengumpulan data dan instrumen penelitian ilmiah pendidikan pada pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif [Data collection techniques and instruments for educational scientific research using qualitative and quantitative approaches],” J.Ihsan, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–9, Jul 2023, doi: 10.61104/ihsan.v1i2.57.
E. F. Irawan dan F. Rohman, “Rekonstruksi konsep pendidikan agama islam berbasis etika spiritual: Studi kritis atas pemikiran pendidikan al-Ghazali [Reconstruction of the concept of Islamic religious education based on spiritual ethics: a critical study of al-Ghazali's educational thought],” IQRO, vol. 8, no. 1, hlm. 164–184, Jun 2025, doi: 10.24256/iqro.v8i1.6618.
I. G. Gera, N. I. Ganjarjati, dan D. Purbaningrum, “Kepemimpinan Pelayanan Robert K. Greenleaf sebagai Model Manajemen Pendidikan yang Efektif dan Humanis,” IRJE, vol. 4, no. 3, Jul 2024, doi: 10.31004/irje.v4i3.888.
A. Nurdiana, “Peran kepemimpinan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di STAI Siliwangi Garut [The role of leadership in human resource management to improve the quality of education at STAI Siliwangi Garut],” juria, vol. 2, no. 3, hlm. 278–286, Nov 2023, doi: 10.55903/juria.v2i3.127.
D. Hartono dan S. Syahid, “Kausalitas pengangguran terbuka dan pariwisata dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi di provinsi Maluku tahun 2005-2023 [Causality of open unemployment and tourism in economic growth in Maluku province 2005-2023],” sosioekons, vol. 17, no. 1, hlm. 68, Apr 2025, doi: 10.30998/sosioekons.v17i1.28756.
L. Nuriah, I. M. Mujtahid, dan E. Wahyuningrum, “Pengaruh E-Learning zoom cloud meeting terhadap motivasi dan gaya belajar visual siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar Negeri Pekanbaru Riau [The Influence of E-Learning Zoom Cloud Meeting on the Motivation and Visual Learning Style of Fifth Grade Students at Pekanbaru State Elementary School, Riau],” JA, vol. 8, no. 1, hlm. 201, Jan 2022, doi: 10.37905/aksara.8.1.201-212.2022.
M. Waruwu, S. N. Pu`at, P. R. Utami, E. Yanti, dan M. Rusydiana, “Metode penelitian kuantitatif: konsep, jenis, tahapan dan kelebihan [Quantitative research methods: concepts, types, stages and advantages],” JIPP, vol. 10, no. 1, hlm. 917–932, Feb 2025, doi: 10.29303/jipp.v10i1.3057.
A. Susilawati, A. Sujana, dan E. Y. Ali, “Pengembangan pop-up book digital untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kelas iv materi bagian tumbuhan dan fungsinya [Development of a digital pop-up book to improve understanding of the concepts of class IV material on plant parts and their functions.],” ideguru, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 158–164, Sep 2024, doi: 10.51169/ideguru.v10i1.1426.
R. Logawe, M. Mardiati, dan D. H. Syahputra, “Profil disposisi matematis mahasiswa pada pembelajaran daring di masa pandemicovid-19 studi kasus pada mahasiswa stkip budidaya binjai [Mathematical disposition profile of students in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic Case study of students at STKIP Budidaya Binjai.],” JSM, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 55–61, Apr 2021, doi: 10.37755/jsm.v13i1.357.
G. Suprianto dan K. Suprayitno, “Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan demokratis kepala sekolah terhadap kedisiplinan guru di SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo [The influence of the principal’s democratic leadership style on teacher discipline at Muhammadiyah 2 Senior High School, Sidoarjo],” Kreat. J. Stud. Pemikir. Pendidik. Agama Islam, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 24–39, Jan 2022, doi: 10.52266/kreatif.v20i1.1020.
D. Br Pasaribu, E. Elfrianto, dan E. Sulasmi, “Pengaruh kualitas kehidupan kerja, komunikasi kelompok, dan motivasi kerja terhadap komitmen kerja guru SMK Kota Binjai [The influence of quality of work life, group communication, and work motivation on the work commitment of vocational high school teachers in Binjai City],” Edutech.j.ilmu.pendidik.dan.ilmu.sosial, vol. 9, no. 2, Sep 2023, doi: 10.30596/edutech.v9i2.16988.
S. Dharma, “Pengaruh kecakapan literasi digital terhadap kinerja guru sekolah menengah kejuruan di kabupaten Gowa [The influence of digital literacy skills on the performance of vocational high school teachers in Gowa Regency],” MP, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 117–129, Des 2022, doi: 10.23917/jmp.v17i2.17569.
W. R. Syachtiyani dan N. Trisnawati, “Analisis motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar siswa di masa pandemi covid-19 [Analysis of student learning motivation and learning outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic],” Pri.Mag.:J.I.K, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 90–101, Mar 2021, doi: 10.37478/jpm.v2i1.878.
A. Sahara, S. Syaharuddin, dan K. Aini, “Eksplorasi persepsi siswa terhadap keberhasilan pengajaran matematika melalui teknologi: Perspektif pelajar di sekolah [Exploration of students' perceptions of the success of mathematics teaching through technology: Students' perspectives in schools],” JUA, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 20, Mei 2024, doi: 10.31764/jua.v28i1.23338.
N. K. W. Oktaviani dan M. Putra, “Motivasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru di sekolah dasar [Motivation and work discipline on teacher performance in elementary schools],” JIPP, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 294, Jul 2021, doi: 10.23887/jipp.v5i2.35146.
R. Akbar, U. S. Sukmawati, dan K. Katsirin, “Analisis data penelitian kuantitatif: pengujian hipotesis asosiatif korelasi [Quantitative research data analysis: Testing the correlation associative hypothesis],” jupenus, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 430–448, Jan 2024, doi: 10.59996/jurnalpelitanusantara.v1i3.350.
N. Fitrianti, J. I. Siti Poerwanti, dan S. Sularmi, “Studi korelasi antara gaya belajar dan kebiasaan membaca dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran ips di sekolah dasar [A correlation study between learning styles and reading habits with critical thinking skills in social studies learning in elementary schools.],” DDI, vol. 9, no. 4, Mar 2021, doi: 10.20961/ddi.v9i4.48762.
I. G. W. K. Mahardika, M. Rismawan, dan I. N. Adiana, “Hubungan pengetahuan ibu dengan perilaku pencegahan dbd pada anak usia sekolah di desa Tegallinggah [The relationship between maternal knowledge and dengue fever prevention behavior in school-age children in Tegallenggah Village],” JRKN, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 51–57, Apr 2023, doi: 10.37294/jrkn.v7i1.473.
D. Pebriyanti dan R. R. Aliyyah, “Manajemen keuangan: Pengelolaan dana bantuan operasional sekolah (BOS) pada sekolah dasar [Financial management: Management of school operational assistance funds (BOS) in elementary schools],” karimahtauhid, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 2716–2737, Mar 2024, doi: 10.30997/karimahtauhid.v3i3.12221.
T. N. Cholifah dan S. Fada, “Model guided discovery learning berbasis game untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar [Game-based guided discovery learning model to improve critical thinking skills of elementary school students],” educatio, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1276–1285, Des 2022, doi: 10.31949/educatio.v8i4.3286.
A. A. Arafah, D. Nurlina, S. Sukriadi, dan M. Masriani, “Pengaruh E-Kombus (elektronik komik balok dan kubus) terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar [The influence of E-Kombus (electronic comic blocks and cubes) on improving the learning outcomes of elementary school students],” jpm, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 120–128, Mar 2025, doi: 10.37630/jpm.v15i1.2199.
A. Zibran, “Pengaruh beban kerja dan motivasi terhadap kinerja guru di yayasan pendidikan islam baiti jannati deli Serdang [The influence of workload and motivation on teacher performance at the Baiti Jannati Islamic Education Foundation, Deli Serdang],” jmdb, vol. 1, no. 3, hlm. 226–241, Apr 2023, doi: 10.36490/jmdb.v1i3.678.
S. Sujana dan M. I. Maulana, “Peningkatan ketahanan pangan dan gizi masyarakat era covid 19 pendekatan strategi pemasaran dan kepemimpinan humanis di taman darmaga permai Rt 005/003 Desa Cihideung Hilir Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor [Improving food and nutrition security in the Covid-19 era using a marketing strategy and humanist leadership approach in Taman Darmaga Permai RT 005/003, Cihideung Hilir Village, Ciampea District, Bogor Regency.],” JADKES, vol. 4, no. 2, Agu 2023, doi: 10.37641/jadkes.v4i2.2027.
A. Setiawan dan R. Rosita, “Memperkuat konsep pendidikan sekolah bertaraf internasional: Analisis terhadap kajian literatur dan best practices [Strengthening the concept of international standard school education: analysis of literature reviews and best practices],” Tarb. Wa Ta’lim, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 135–151, Mei 2023, doi: 10.21093/twt.v10i2.5717.
F. D. Saputri dan A. Mansyur, “Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan quality of work life terhadap employee engagement pada PT. Bumitama Gunajaya Agro [The influence of transformational leadership style and quality of work life on employee engagement at PT. Bumitama Gunajaya Agro],” jesya, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 1408–1417, Jul 2024, doi: 10.36778/jesya.v7i2.1633.
L. L. Y. Lalak Muslimin dan M. Muqowim, “Peran kepala sekolah terhadap kebijakan pendidikan inklusi di tingkat sekolah dasar [The role of the principal in inclusive education policies at the elementary school level],” j. kependidikan. has. penelit. kaji. kepustakaan. bid. pendidik. pengajaran. n.a., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 708, Sep 2021, doi: 10.33394/jk.v7i3.3468.
M. Mardhiyah, N. A. Dinilhaq, Y. Amelia, A. Arini, R. Hidayatullah, and H. Harmonedi, “Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian pendidikan: memahami perbedaan, implikasi, dan strategi pemilihan yang tepat [Population and sample in educational research: understanding the differences, implications, and appropriate selection strategies],” Katalis, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 208–218, Mei 2025, doi: 10.62383/katalis.v2i2.1670.
S. Yunus, “Persepsi dan preferensi pekerja biasa terhadap dana pensiun sebagai perencanaan hari tua [Ordinary workers' perceptions and preferences towards pension funds as retirement planning],” jupiman, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 48–61, Apr 2025, doi: 10.55606/jupiman.v4i2.5002.
S. Indraswari dan R. Sofyaningrum, “Menyelami makna dan pesan emosional dalam lirik keroncong ‘di bawah sinar bulan purnama [Delving into the meaning and emotional message in the keroncong lyrics 'under the full moon'],’” DJPBS, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 113–125, Feb 2025, doi: 10.53769/deiktis.v5i1.1345.
R. Rohmiyati, “Fenomena pembelajaran jarak jauh dan dampaknya pada kompetensi guru PAI Jenjang Smp Se Kabupaten Gunungkidul [The phenomenon of distance learning and its impact on the competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers at the junior high school level in Gunungkidul Regency],” Al-Khos. J. Pen. Agam. Islam, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 80–88, Des 2023, doi: 10.62808/al-khos.v3i2.20.
S. Rima Liando, H. R. Lumapow, dan M. E. Rindengan, “Implementasi strategi mengajar kreatif oleh guru sekolah dasar: Kajian kualitatif [Implementation of creative teaching strategies by elementary school teachers: a qualitative study],” PiJIES, pp. 272–288, Apr 2025, doi: 10.24256/pijies.v8i1.6947.
R. Sapitri dan N. Agus Purwanto, “Strategi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SDN Cigugur Tengah Mandiri 2 [The principal’s leadership strategy in improving the quality of education at SDN Cigugur Tengah Mandiri 2],” educasia, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–12, Jan 2025, doi: 10.21462/educasia.v10i1.294
Copyright (c) 2025 Renaldi Ferdiansah, Bambang Ismaya, Undang Ruslan Wahyudin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Integrated Science Education Journal is the first publisher licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.
.png)
.png)
