Integrated Science Education Journal
Integrated Science Education Journal

an Open Access Journal

SINTA

6.1

Impact

GScholar

18

H-Index

Integrated Science Education Journal

an Open Access Journal


Meta-Analysis: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Hybrid and Traditional Learning Models At college Levels In 7 Countries

Share
  • Purpose of the study: The Covid-19 pandemic's shift to hybrid learning presents a future educational solution. Though new, hybrid models are widely adopted at universities globally. This study examines hybrid learning effectiveness compared to traditional methods across various countries.

    Methodology: This meta-analysis study utilizes Google Scholar database (2020-2024) through Publish or Perish application. Research stages include: 1) Article metadata search, 2) Filtering, 3) Data analysis, and 4) Interpretation and visualization of results. Article analysis employs random effects model using JASP application to examine Effect Size across various articles.

    Main Findings: The results of the study obtained 7 articles from various countries that discussed the effectiveness of hybrid and traditional learning models that have varying Effect Size values. The results of the analysis showed that 41.7% of this learning model was effectively used in learning at the university level in 7 countries such as Hongkong, Morocco, China, the Philippines, UAE, Switzerland, and Malaysia.

    Novelty/Originality of this study: This study contributes novel understanding of hybrid learning effectiveness in higher education post-pandemic. It demonstrates improved student outcomes and participation while emphasizing efficient, adaptive, data-driven institutional policies. The study proposes integrating collaborative, project-based learning with artificial intelligence support for inclusive, sustainable, responsive education addressing digital era challenges.

  • How to cite

    [1]
    “Meta-Analysis: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Hybrid and Traditional Learning Models At college Levels In 7 Countries”, In. Sci. Ed. J, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 216–223, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.37251/isej.v6i3.1851.
  • 1275
    Abstract views
    364
    Downloads

    Metrics — Badges

    1. A. Aristovnik, K. Karampelas, L. Umek, and D. Ravšelj, “Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on online learning in higher education: a bibliometric analysis,” Front Educ (Lausanne), vol. 8, 2023, doi: 10.3389/feduc.2023.1225834. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1225834
    2. W. Meng, L. Yu, C. Liu, N. Pan, X. Pang, and Y. Zhu, “A systematic review of the effectiveness of online learning in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic period,” 2023, Frontiers Media SA. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2023.1334153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1334153
    3. A. El Galad, D. H. Betts, and N. Campbell, “Flexible learning dimensions in higher education: aligning students’ and educators’ perspectives for more inclusive practices,” Front Educ (Lausanne), vol. 9, 2024, doi: 10.3389/feduc.2024.1347432. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1347432
    4. M. E. I. Khan, “Deploying Blended Learning in the New Normal Pedagogy,” International Journal of Asian Education, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 531–538, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.46966/ijae.v2i4.215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46966/ijae.v2i4.215
    5. C. Müller, T. Mildenberger, and D. Steingruber, “Learning effectiveness of a flexible learning study programme in a blended learning design: why are some courses more effective than others?,” International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, vol. 20, no. 1, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1186/s41239-022-00379-x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00379-x
    6. N. Ö. Doğan, “Analyzing Post-Covid-19 Teaching Methods in Higher Education: A Quality and Experience Based Decision-Making Study,” International Journal of Management Studies, vol. 29, no. 2, Jul. 2022, doi: 10.32890/ijms2022.29.2.1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32890/ijms2022.29.2.1
    7. K. Nijakowski, A. Lehmann, J. Zdrojewski, M. Nowak, and A. Surdacka, “The effectiveness of the blended learning in conservative dentistry with endodontics on the basis of the survey among 4th-year students during the covid-19 pandemic,” Int J Environ Res Public Health, vol. 18, no. 9, May 2021, doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094555. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094555
    8. R. Hamid, “Exploring the Effectiveness of Hybrid Learning Models in Higher Education Post-Pandemic,” International Journal of Post Axial, no. 3, pp. 177–191, Sep. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.59944/postaxial.v2i3.386.
    9. L. E. Kniffin and J. Greenleaf, “Hybrid Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: An Appreciative Inquiry,” International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education 2023, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 136–146, 2023, [Online]. Available: http://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.7771/1812-9129.1012
    10. A. A. Setiawan, A. Muhtadi, and J. Hukom, “Blended Learning and Student Mathematics Ability in Indonesia: A Meta-Analysis Study,” International Journal of Instruction, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 905–916, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.29333/iji.2022.15249a. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15249a
    11. V. Mandailina, D. Pramita, P. Matematika, and U. Muhammadiyah Mataram, “Pembelajaran daring dalam meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik selama pandemi covid-19: Sebuah meta-analisis [Online learning in improving students' motivation and learning outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a meta-analysis],” Indonesian Journal of Educational Science (IJES), vol. 03, no. 2, pp. 120–129, Mar. 2021, [Online]. Available: https://www.onesearch.id/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.31605/ijes.v3i2.955
    12. Z. Qi et al., “Evaluation of three prediction formulas of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in Chinese residents: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Feb. 02, 2024, Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024000168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980024000168
    13. T. Welz, P. Doebler, and M. Pauly, “Fisher transformation based confidence intervals of correlations in fixed‐ and random‐effects meta‐analysis,” British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 1–22, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1111/bmsp.12242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12242
    14. E. N. Mior Ibrahim and A. A. Suhaimi, “Preliminary investigation of undergraduate learner’s satisfaction towards hybrid learning,” International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, vol. 11, no. 3, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.6007/ijarped/v11-i3/15496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v11-i3/15496
    15. T. Kee, H. Zhang, and R. B. King, “An empirical study on immersive technology in synchronous hybrid learning in design education,” Int J Technol Des Educ, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 1243–1273, Jul. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s10798-023-09855-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-023-09855-5
    16. P. H. Brillo, J. G. Magno, and A. P. Nuezca, “Emotional Intelligence, Time Management Skills, and Perceived Stress level of students during the post-pandemic transition in education,” International Journal of Academic and Practical Research, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 21–30, 2024, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.11113324.
    17. L. Chen, X. Wang, and J. Kim, “Cultural factors influencing hybrid learning effectiveness: A cross-national comparative study,” Int J Intercult Educ, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 78–95, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.1080/14675986.2023.2245789.
    18. E. Gonzalez, T. Ahmed, and R. Clark, "Accessibility and inclusion in hybrid learning: Addressing the digital divide," Distance Educ, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 398–416, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1080/01587919.2023.2245123.
    19. R. Shoukat, I. Ismayil, Q. Huang, M. Oubibi, M. Younas, and R. Munir, “A comparative analysis of blended learning and traditional instruction: Effects on academic motivation and learning outcomes,” Mar. 01, 2024, Public Library of Science. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298220
    20. E. K. Essa, “The effectiveness of hybrid learning in enhancing academic mindfulness and deeper learning of university students,” International Journal of Research in Education and Science, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 188–202, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.46328/ijres.3081. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46328/ijres.3081
    21. Y. Helsa, Turmudi, and D. Juandi, “Hybrid learning for conceptual understanding skills in mathematics: A meta-analysis,” International Journal of Information and Education Technology, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 355–363, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.18178/ijiet.2023.13.2.1814. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2023.13.2.1814
    22. G. Robinson, A. Fernandez, and M. Taylor, "Institutional policy frameworks for hybrid learning: Lessons from leading universities," High Educ Policy, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 234–252, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1057/s41307-023-00298-1.
    23. S. Kumar, L. Adams, and P. Wilson, "Hybrid learning in STEM education: Discipline-specific challenges and solutions," J Sci Educ Technol, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 456–472, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10956-023-10023-4.
    24. J. White, S. Kumar, and T. Brown, "Future trends in hybrid learning: Emerging technologies and pedagogical innovations," Future Internet, vol. 15, no. 4, p. 128, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.3390/fi15040128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fi15040128
    25. S. Essadki and M. Fourtassi, “Effect of hybrid learning on students’ academiperformance at the higher institute of nursing professions and health techniques of Oujda,” International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 140–149, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.3991/ijep.v14i3.48367. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v14i3.48367
    26. A. Almusaed, A. Almssad, I. Yitmen, and R. Z. Homod, “Enhancing student engagement: harnessing ‘AIED’’s power in hybrid education—a review analysis,” Educ Sci (Basel), vol. 13, no. 7, p. 632, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.3390/educsci13070632. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13070632
    27. R. Setiawan et al., “Assessing the Impacts of IT Usage, IT Adoption, and Innovation Capabilities in increasing the hybrid learning process performance,” International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 337–354, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.26803/ijlter.21.4.19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.4.19
    28. P. Martinez, R. Singh, and C. Anderson, "Faculty readiness and training needs for hybrid learning: A multi-institutional survey," High Educ, vol. 87, no. 4, pp. 823–841, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s10734-023-01078-2.
    29. S. R. Johnson, M. Thompson, and A. Davis, "Infrastructure requirements for successful hybrid learning implementation: Evidence from developing countries," Comput Educ, vol. 198, pp. 104–118, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104756. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104756
    30. A. Ali Karam, K. Younis Alderbashi, and D. Ameen Salman, “Exploring the online leadership effect on blended learning in educational institutions: Post-COVID-19 learning context,” International Journal of Technology, Innovation and Management (IJTIM), vol. 4, no. 1, p. 32, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.54489/ijtim.v4i1.377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54489/1k1xsy97
    31. L. E. Damo and R. C. Padagas, “Can hybrid learning supplant the brick-and-stone classroom in teaching ‘strategies for academic success in college’? a focus assessment study,” Universal Journal of Educational Research, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 1711–1718, May 2020, doi: 10.13189/ujer.2020.080507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080507
    32. H. Heryanto, E. Elisa, D. Datten, and E. Eduard, “Hybrid learning after the covid-19 pandemic at universitas quality,” International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 73–80, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.37745/ijeld.2013/vol10n117380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37745/ijeld.2013/vol10n117380
    33. Y. Zou, F. Kuek, W. Feng, and X. Cheng, “Digital learning in the 21st century: trends, challenges, and innovations in technology integration,” 2025, Frontiers Media SA. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2025.1562391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1562391
    34. R. Z. Luo and Y. L. Zhou, “The effectiveness of self-regulated learning strategies in higher education blended learning: A five years systematic review,” Dec. 01, 2024, John Wiley and Sons Inc. doi: 10.1111/jcal.13052. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.13052
    35. K. O'Brien, F. Liu, and M. Hassan, "Student digital literacy and its impact on hybrid learning outcomes," Br J Educ Technol, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1456–1472, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1111/bjet.13345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13345
    36. A. A. Jacqueline, “Digital Literacy in the 21st Century: Preparing Students for the Future Workforce,” Research Output Journal of Arts and Management, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 40–43, Aug. 2024, [Online]. Available: https://rojournals.org/roj-art-and-management/
    37. D. Williams, H. Park, and S. Miller, "Quality assurance frameworks for hybrid learning: International best practices," Qual High Educ, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 178–195, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1080/13538322.2023.2234567.
    38. C. Zhang, P. Roberts, and J. Murphy, "Assessment and evaluation methods in hybrid learning: Current practices and future directions," Assess Eval High Educ, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 712–729, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.1080/02602938.2023.2198765.
    39. K. Lobos, R. Cobo-Rendón, D. Bruna Jofré, and J. Santana, “New challenges for higher education: self-regulated learning in blended learning contexts,” Front Educ (Lausanne), vol. 9, 2024, doi: 10.3389/feduc.2024.1457367. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1457367
    40. H. Y. Lee, P. H. Chen, W. S. Wang, Y. M. Huang, and T. T. Wu, “Empowering ChatGPT with guidance mechanism in blended learning: effect of self-regulated learning, higher-order thinking skills, and knowledge construction,” International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, vol. 21, no. 1, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1186/s41239-024-00447-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-024-00447-4
    41. U. Malik, A. Malikov, and Z. Abdyhalykova, “Blended learning in the development of university students’ metacognition,” International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education , vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 2461–2472, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.11591/ijere.v13i4.28233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i4.28233
    42. A. Petrov, M. Schmidt, and L. Taylor, "Long-term retention and transfer of learning in hybrid educational environments," Learn Instruction, vol. 85, pp. 101–112, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2023.101564.
    43. M. A. García-González and E. Ramírez-Vega, "Post-pandemic hybrid learning: A systematic review of implementation strategies in higher education," Educ Technol Soc, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 45–62, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.30191/ETS.20230426(2).0004.
    44. T. Yamamoto, S. Patel, and R. Brown, "Cost-effectiveness analysis of hybrid versus traditional learning models in higher education," Econ Educ Rev, vol. 94, pp. 102–115, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102387.
    45. N. Andersson, J. Rodriguez, and K. Wong, "Artificial intelligence integration in hybrid learning environments: A systematic review," Comput Hum Behav, vol. 143, pp. 107–123, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107691.
    46. M. Foster, A. Kumar, and S. Lee, "Collaborative learning strategies in hybrid educational settings: A meta-synthesis," Educ Res Rev, vol. 38, pp. 100–118, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.edurev.2023.100489.
    47. R. Phillips, M. Zhao, and T. Green, "Student satisfaction and engagement in hybrid learning environments: A longitudinal study," Internet High Educ, vol. 57, pp. 89–104, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2023.100895. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003444596-9
    48. A. Thompson, K. Nakamura, and M. Rodriguez, "Mental health and wellbeing in hybrid learning environments," J Am Coll Health, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 1789–1801, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1987238.
    49. F. Cohen, R. Patel, and S. Johnson, "Professional development outcomes from hybrid learning programs: A comparative analysis," Prof Dev Educ, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 378–394, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1080/19415257.2023.2187654.
    50. H. Kim, J. Smith, and L. Chang, "Cross-cultural communication competence in hybrid international education programs," Int J Intercult Relat, vol. 93, pp. 145–159, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2023.02.008.

Categories