National Vital Object Security Management Approach in Supporting Sustainable Tourism in Geothermal Power Plants
Abstract
Purpose of the Study: This study aims to analyze and prioritize security management approaches—preemptive, preventive, and repressive—to safeguard the Dieng Geothermal Power Plants, designated as a National Vital Object (Obvitnas), while simultaneously promoting sustainable tourism development in the Dieng area. Balancing national security requirements with community-based tourism initiatives presents a complex challenge that this study seeks to address.
Methodology: A qualitative research method was employed, integrating the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to systematically prioritize security strategies. Data collection involved structured surveys and in-depth interviews with three key stakeholder groups: company management, security personnel, and community leaders. Triangulation was used to validate findings and ensure a comprehensive understanding of diverse stakeholder perspectives.
Main Findings: The results reveal that the preemptive security approach is prioritized as the most critical strategy, emphasizing the importance of community involvement, partnership programs, and environmental initiatives to ensure the safety of the geothermal plant while fostering trust and collaboration with local communities. Repressive and preventive approaches, while still important, are ranked lower in effectiveness for achieving both security and tourism sustainability objectives. The study highlights that fostering proactive community engagement and ecological stewardship can serve as dual drivers of security and socio-economic development.
Novelty/Originality of this Study: This research offers a novel integration of security management and sustainable tourism principles, proposing a community-centered security framework specifically adapted for Obvitnas like Dieng GPPs. It provides new insights into how national energy infrastructure can be protected without hindering, and even supporting, local tourism growth and community empowerment.
References
B. Pavlakovič, M. R. Demir, N. Pozvek, and M. Turnšek, “Role of tourism in promoting geothermal energy: Public interest and motivation for geothermal energy tourism in slovenia,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 18, 2021, doi: 10.3390/su131810353.
G. Axelsson, “The future of geothermal energy,” in Living With Climate Change, 2024. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-443-18515-1.00009-5.
J. Moraga, H. S. Duzgun, M. Cavur, and H. Soydan, “The Geothermal Artificial Intelligence for geothermal exploration,” Renew Energy, vol. 192, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.04.113.
RPS, “Geothermal energy is vital to the energy transition,” https://www.rpsgroup.com/insights/energy/why-geothermal-energy-must-be- included-in-our-conversations-about-energy-transition/.
Hariyadi, P. Wirutomo, S. S. Moersidik, and S. W. Sularno, “Social acceptance to geothermal development in Indonesia,” Opcion, vol. 35, no. SpecialEdition24, 2019.
A. Wachowicz-Pyzik, L. Pająk, B. Papiernik, and M. Michna, “The application of numerical modeling to geothermal investments,” Computer Assisted Methods in Engineering and Science, vol. 22, no. 4, 2015.
M. P. Dewi, A. D. Setiawan, Y. Latief, and W. W. Purwanto, “Investment decisions under uncertainties in geothermal power generation,” AIMS Energy, vol. 10, no. 4, 2022, doi: 10.3934/energy.2022038.
P. Allahvirdizadeh, “A review on geothermal wells: Well integrity issues,” 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124009.
T. Sharmin, N. R. Khan, M. S. Akram, and M. M. Ehsan, “A State-of-the-Art Review on Geothermal Energy Extraction, Utilization, and Improvement Strategies: Conventional, Hybridized, and Enhanced Geothermal Systems,” 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2023.100323.
M. Bošnjaković, M. Stojkov, and M. Jurjević, “Environmental impact of geothermal power plants,” Tehnicki Vjesnik, vol. 26, no. 5, 2019, doi: 10.17559/TV-20180829122640.
M. Soltani et al., “Environmental, economic, and social impacts of geothermal energy systems,” 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110750.
W. T. Stringfellow and P. F. Dobson, “Technology for the recovery of lithium from geothermal brines,” 2021. doi: 10.3390/en14206805.
F. Zeren, N. Gülcan, S. Gürsoy, İ. H. Ekşi, M. I. Tabash, and M. Radulescu, “The Relationship between Geothermal Energy Consumption, Foreign Direct Investment, and Economic Growth in Geothermal Consumer Countries: Evidence from Panel Fourier Causality Test,” Energies (Basel), vol. 16, no. 3, 2023, doi: 10.3390/en16031258.
J. Mahwa, D. jiang Li, J. hua Ping, W. Leng, J. bo Tang, and D. yun Shao, “Mapping the spatial distribution of fossil geothermal manifestations and assessment of geothermal potential of the Tangyin rift, Southeast of Taihang Mountain in China,” J Mt Sci, vol. 19, no. 8, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s11629-022-7329-2.
S. Mohammadzadeh Bina, S. Jalilinasrabady, H. Fujii, and N. A. Pambudi, “Classification of geothermal resources in Indonesia by applying exergy concept,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 93, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.018.
Enel Green Power, “ All the advantages of geothermal energy.,” https://www.enelgreenpower.com/learning-hub/renewable-energies/geothermal- energy/advantages.
Enel Green Power, “All the advantages of geothermal energy,” https://www.enelgreenpower.com/learning-hub/renewable-energies/geothermal- energy/advantages.
A. Barich et al., “Social license to operate in geothermal energy,” Energies (Basel), vol. 15, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.3390/en15010139.
S. Azmi, B. Ginting, R. Sitepu, and ..., “Geothermal Investment Legal Protection Policy in North Sumatra,” … Communication and Sosial …, 2020.
S. W. Yudha, B. Tjahjono, and P. Longhurst, “Unearthing the Dynamics of Indonesia’s Geothermal Energy Development,” Energies (Basel), vol. 15, no. 14, 2022, doi: 10.3390/en15145009.
M. Spada, E. Sutra, and P. Burgherr, “Comparative accident risk assessment with focus on deep geothermal energy systems in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries,” Geothermics, vol. 95, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102142.
M. P. Hochstein and S. Sudarman, “History of geothermal exploration in Indonesia from 1970 to 2000,” Geothermics, vol. 37, no. 3, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2008.01.001.
A. McClean and O. W. Pedersen, “The role of regulation in geothermal energy in the UK,” Energy Policy, vol. 173, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113378.
O. A. Alabi, F. A. Ajayi, C. A. Udeh, and F. P. Efunniyi, “Predictive analytics in human resources: Enhancing workforce planning and customer experience,” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 149-158, 2024.
J. He, Y. Mao, A. M. Morrison, and J. A. Coca-Stefaniak, “On being warm and friendly: the effect of socially responsible human resource management on employee fears of the threats of COVID-19,” International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 346-366, 2021.
M. R. Azizi, R. Atlasi, A. Ziapour, J. Abbas, and R. Naemi, “Innovative human resource management strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic narrative review approach,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 6, 2021.
V. Agarwal, K. Mathiyazhagan, S. Malhotra, and T. Saikouk, “Analysis of challenges in sustainable human resource management due to disruptions by Industry 4.0: an emerging economy perspective,” International Journal of Manpower, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 513-541, 2022.
N. Nawaz, H. Arunachalam, B. K. Pathi, and V. Gajenderan, “The adoption of artificial intelligence in human resources management practices," International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 100208, 2024.
D. Ngoc Su, D. Luc Tra, H. M. Thi Huynh, H. H. T. Nguyen, and B. O’Mahony, “Enhancing resilience in the Covid-19 crisis: lessons from human resource management practices in Vietnam,” Current Issues in Tourism, vol. 24, no. 22, pp. 3189-3205, 2021.
G. Lilienthal, and N. Ahmad, “Criminal Intent and the Ruthless Risk-Taker,” Eur. JL Reform, vol. 24, pp. 218, 2022.
R. M. A. Ilyasa, “Legal and Victimological Perspective on Sexual Violence against Children Cases in Indonesia,” The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 281-300, 2021.
N. Yuzikova, T. Korniakova, S. Khomiachenko, and T. Chasova, “Moral and psychological features of the motivational sphere of juveniles who commit crimes: Risk assessment of determining communication,” European Journal of Sustainable Development, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 123-123, 2021.
O. E. Jonathan, A. J. Olusola, T. C. A. Bernadin, and T. M. Inoussa, “Impacts of crime on socio-economic development,” Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 12, 5, pp. 71, 2021.
S. O. Kharytonov, R. S. Orlovskyi, T. V. Kurman, and O. O. Maslova, “Criminal legal protection of the environment: national realities and international standards,” European Energy and Environmental Law Review, vol. 32, no. 6, 2023.
A. Fathalla, K. Li, and A. Salah, “Best-KFF: a multi-objective preemptive resource allocation policy for cloud computing systems.” Cluster Computing, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 321-336, 2022.
S. J. Kamble, and M. R. Kounte, “A survey on emergency vehicle preemption methods based on routing and scheduling,” International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 60-71, 2022.
E. Ko, J. Cho, and J. Lee, “A study on improving operational criteria of preemption/priority signal control for emergency vehicles,” Journal of Korean Society of Transportation, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 299-311, 2021.
N. Farida, and M. Syauqillah, “Ring of Security Review on The Vital Objects of The Electricity Subfield,” Jurnal Ekonomi, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 1248-1258, 2023.
A. L. Diab, I. Iswandi, A. Yaqub, L. M. Muthalib, and A. Z. Baharuddin, “Safeguarding consumers: The role of industry and trade office in countering monopolistic practices and ensuring business protection,” Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi, 299-312, 2023.
S. Gwerevende, and Z. M. Mthombeni, “Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage: exploring the synergies in the transmission of Indigenous languages, dance and music practices in Southern Africa,” International Journal of Heritage Studies, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 398-412, 2023.
Y. Dao, K. Yusnaldi, and K. Kusuma, “Mitigating destructive fishing through the optimization of community-based coastal surveillance as an effort to safeguard maritime security,” Formosa Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 2783-2796, 2024.
D. Hartanto, “Strengthening the police institutional system in eradicating narcotics crime in the North Sumatra Regional Police, Indonesia,” Traektoriâ Nauki, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 3008-3013, 2023.
E. E. Supriyanto, M. Rachmawati, and F. J. Nugroho, “Transformative policies and infrastructure strengthening towards the police era 4.0,” Jurnal Bina Praja, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 231-243, 2023.
K. C. Apostolakis, N. Dimitriou, G. Margetis, S. Ntoa, D. Tzovaras, and C. Stephanidis, “DARLENE–Improving situational awareness of European law enforcement agents through a combination of augmented reality and artificial intelligence solutions,” Open Research Europe, vol. 1, pp. 87, 2022.
O. S. Oliinyk, R. M. Shestopalov, V. O. Zarosylo, M. I. Stankovic, and S. G. Golubitsky, “Economic security through criminal policies: A comparative study of Western and European approaches,” Revista Cientifica General Jose Maria Cordova, vol. 20, no. 38, pp. 265-285, 2022.
A. T. Hariwanto, “The phenomena of dieng plateau tourismdestination development planning,” Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Policy Studies, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 3, 2021.
A. Haryanto, I. R. Shandy, and Q. A. Setyawan, “Analysis of the Dieng Culture Festival from the Perspective of Sustainable Tourism,” KnE Social Sciences, pp. 542-551, 2023.
M. E. Apriyanti, H. Subiyantoro, and C. Ratnasih, “Focus on local cultural attraction in increasing tourist visits in Central Java Tourism Villages,” Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management, vol. 2, no.11, pp. 2645-2653, 2023.
P. Shojaei, E. Vlahu-Gjorgievska, and Y. W. Chow, “Security and privacy of technologies in health information systems: A systematic literature review,” Computers, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 41, 2024.
V. R. Sugumaran, E. Dinesh, R. Ramya, and E. Muniyandy, “Distributed blockchain assisted secure data aggregation scheme for risk-aware zone-based MANET,” Scientific Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 8022, 2025.
O. L. Harris, T. R. Robinson, and T. M. Wilson, “Agent-based modelling of evacuation scenarios for a landslide-generated tsunami in Milford Sound, New Zealand,” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 113, pp. 104847, 2024.
Copyright (c) 2025 Imam Supriyadi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Integrated Science Education Journal is the first publisher licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.
