Teacher Emotional Intelligence and Classroom Leadership Dynamics in Differentiated Learning

Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Learning, Leadership, Teacher

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine the relationship between teachers’ emotional intelligence and classroom leadership dynamics in supporting the effectiveness of differentiated learning for students at Senrior high school Muhammadiyah Luwuk.

Methodology: The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and documentation involving teachers, students, and school principals. Data were analyzed using reduction, display, and verification techniques to gain an in-depth understanding of classroom leadership practices and teachers’ emotional intelligence.

Main Findings: The results show that teachers with high levels of emotional intelligence tend to be more adaptive in dealing with classroom dynamics and are able to create an inclusive and participatory learning environment. Dimensions such as empathy, self-awareness and the ability to manage emotions play an important role in facilitating learning differentiation. In addition, transformational leadership style is proven to be effective in building positive relationships between teachers and students, which has a direct impact on improving student motivation and learning outcomes. In conclusion, teachers' emotional intelligence and dynamic classroom leadership are key factors in the successful implementation of differentiated learning.

Novelty/Originality of this study: These findings provide important implications for teacher professional development and more targeted training design. Previous studies have mostly focused on the individual effects of emotional intelligence or teacher leadership on learning outcomes, while the dynamic interaction between the two in shaping differentiated learning practices is still an open area for further exploration.

Author Biographies

Hasrat A Aimang, Universitas Muhammadiyah Luwuk

Universitas Muhammadiyah Luwuk, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia

Bernadette O Gallardo, General de Jesus College

General de Jesus College, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

References

A. P. Sari and W. Wahyudin, “Strategi pembelajaran berdiferensiasi untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran informatika [Differentiated learning strategies to improve the quality of learning in informatics subjects],” Digit. Transform. Technol., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 887–894, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.47709/digitech.v4i2.4923.

D. Goleman, Emotional Intelligence – Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. New York: Bantam Books, 1995.

H. Hasbar, W. Wardiah, and M. Arsyam, “Peranan kepemimpinan guru dalam meningkatkan aktifitas belajar mengajar [The role of teacher leadership in improving teaching and learning activities],” Al-Ubudiyah J. Pendidik. dan Stud. Islam, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 52–62, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.55623/au.v5i2.320.

M. Valizadeh and F. Soltanpour, “The flipped pedagogy: Effects on the grammatical competence and writing skill of basic users of English,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 761–776, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.29333/iji.2020.13351a.

H. W. Marsh, “Cross-cultural generalizability of year in school effects: Negative effects of acceleration and positive effects of retention on academic self-concept.,” J. Educ. Psychol., vol. 108, no. 2, pp. 256–273, Feb. 2016, doi: 10.1037/edu0000059.

N. Mulyana, “Hubungan gaya kepemimpinan guru dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar penjas pada siswa sekolah dasar [The relationship between teacher leadership style and increasing motivation to learn physical education in elementary school students],” J. Pendidik. Jasm. DAN OLAHRAGA, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 41, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.17509/jpjo.v2i1.6399.

P. A. Jennings and M. T. Greenberg, “The prosocial classroom: Teacher social and emotional competence in relation to student and classroom outcomes,” Rev. Educ. Res., vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 491–525, Mar. 2009, doi: 10.3102/0034654308325693.

I. F. Haikal, “Analisis kebijakan madrasah dalam mengimplementasikan kurikulum merdeka untuk meningkatkan kreativitas dan hasil belajar siswa di Bali multi studikasus: MAN 1 Jembrana dan Mas Tawakkal Denpasar [Analysis of madrasah policies in implementing the independent curriculum to improve creativity and student learning outcomes in Bali: multi-case studies: MAN 1 Jembrana and Mas Tawakkal Denpasar],” 2024. [Online]. Available: http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/72408

Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, “Laporan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka tahun 2022.” [Online]. Available: https://www.kemendikdasmen.go.id/

V. Putri Febrianti, “Analisis kesulitan guru biologi sman 2 pandeglang dalam mengimplementasikan pembelajaran terdiferensiasi [Analysis of the difficulties of biology teachers at SMAN 2 Pandeglang in implementing differentiated learning],” J. Pembelajaran Inov., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 17–24, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.21009/JPI.061.03.

P. Prastowo, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Dalam Perspektif Rancangan Penelitian [Qualitative Research Methods in Research Design Perspective] (S. Meta (ed.); II. AR-RUZZ Media, 2012.

J. W. Creswell, Research Design Pendekatan Metode Kualitatif Kuantitatif dan Campuran Edisi ke-4 [Research Design Qualitative Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approach 4th Edition]. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2016.

N. S. Sukmadinata, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan[Educational Research Methods]. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya., 2012.

M. Yusuf et al., Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan [Educational Research Methodology]. Jawa Tengah: Eureka Media Aksara, 2024.

M. B. Miles, A. M. Huberman, and J. Saldana, Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2020.

R. Perloff, “Daniel goleman’s emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ.,” Psychol. J., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 21–22, 1997, doi: 10.1037/h0095822.

M. D. T. Raharjo and R. Abadiyah, “Emotional intelligence, intellectual intelligence, and competence on work commitment through employee job satisfaction in companies engaged in plastic manufacturing,” Indones. J. Innov. Stud., vol. 21, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.21070/ijins.v21i.755.

K. Sharp, J. M. Jarvis, and J. M. McMillan, “Leadership for differentiated instruction: Teachers’ engagement with on-site professional learning at an Australian secondary school,” 2020. doi: 10.1080/13603116.2018.1492639.

J. M. Charlton, J. J. Eng, L. C. Li, and M. A. Hunt, “Learning gait modifications for musculoskeletal rehabilitation: applying motor learning principles to improve research and clinical implementation,” Phys. Ther., vol. 101, no. 2, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa207.

Y. Liu, “The emotional geographies of language teaching,” Teach. Dev., vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 482–497, Aug. 2016, doi: 10.1080/13664530.2016.1161660.

C. Tiba, “Motivation to explicitly teach reading comprehension strategies after a workshop,” Read. Writ., vol. 14, no. 1, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.4102/rw.v14i1.405.

S. Yulaichah, N. Mariana, and A. M. I. Puspita, “Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi dalam Membangun Budaya Kelas di Sekolah Anuban Khon Kaen, Thailand,” JIIP - J. Ilm. Ilmu Pendidik., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 2319–2330, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.54371/jiip.v7i3.3644.

V. Goodyear and D. Dudley, “‘I’m a Facilitator of Learning!’ Understanding What Teachers and Students Do Within Student-Centered Physical Education Models,” Quest, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 274–289, Jul. 2015, doi: 10.1080/00336297.2015.1051236.

A. D. Gilbert, “The framework for 21st century learning: A first-rate foundation for music education assessment and teacher evaluation,” Arts Educ. Policy Rev., vol. 117, no. 1, pp. 13–18, Jan. 2016, doi: 10.1080/10632913.2014.966285.

C. Y. Murray, “Factors that influence high school content teachers’ motivation to address multi-linguistic learners’ needs in a large urban school district,” Doctoral dissertation, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. [Online]. Available: https://www.proquest.com/openview/607b8b141eca1ee04507605ba6e28da0/1?cbl=18750&diss=y&pq-origsite=gscholar

N. K. A. M. Murod and M. Shohib, “Pengaruh kepemimpinan kolaboratif dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja guru [The influence of collaborative leadership and job satisfaction on teacher performance],” Cognicia, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 106–111, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.22219/cognicia.v10i2.22459.

G. Qiu, “Towards the effects of translators’ emotional intelligence and anxiety on their translation quality,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 9, p. e19276, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19276.

N. N. Khamis, R. M. Satava, S. A. Alnassar, and D. E. Kern, “A stepwise model for simulation-based curriculum development for clinical skills, a modification of the six-step approach,” Surg. Endosc., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 279–287, Jan. 2016, doi: 10.1007/s00464-015-4206-x.

S. Wahyudi, M. M. Hapsari, and Sugiono, “The implementation of differentiated instruction methods: An Identification of inhibiting factors and their solutions toward qualitative surveys,” in Proceedings of the 1st UPY International Conference on Education and Social Science (UPINCESS 2022), Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2023, pp. 242–252. doi: 10.2991/978-2-494069-39-8_23.

E. Mulyati, L. O. Madina, S. Basos, and L. H. Harahap, Metode Penelitian [Research methods]. Medan: PT Media Penerbit Indonesia, 2024.

M. Y. Kamal, Z. M. Lukman, M. Z. Zulaikha, and S. Nurunsa, “Emotional intelligence and leadership style,” Int. J. Asian Soc. Sci., vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 963–970, 2017, doi: 10.18488/journal.1.2017.712.963.970.

Published
2025-07-31
How to Cite
[1]
H. A. Aimang and B. O. Gallardo, “Teacher Emotional Intelligence and Classroom Leadership Dynamics in Differentiated Learning”, Jor. Eva. Edu, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 900-907, Jul. 2025.
Section
Articles