Development and Validation of TGT-Based Biology Snakes and Ladders Learning Media to Enhance Senior High School Students’ Critical Thinking Skills on the Human Movement System
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Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Indonesia -
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Indonesia
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Purpose of the study: This study aimed to develop a Teams Games Tournament (TGT)-based Biology Snakes and Ladders (ULTABI) learning media on the Human Musculoskeletal System and to evaluate its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving students’ critical thinking skills.
Methodology: The study employed a Research and Development approach using the 4-D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The research participants consisted of 20 eleventh-grade science students at Al-Wardah Educational Foundation Madrasah Aliyah. The research instruments included a needs-analysis questionnaire, media and materials expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and a critical-thinking skills test based on Facione’s critical-thinking indicators. The data were analyzed descriptively using percentage analysis and the N-Gain test.
Main Findings: The results showed that the ULTABI learning media achieved a very high level of validity, with scores of 93.18% from media experts and 86.90% from material experts. The media was also rated as very practical by both teachers (97.70%) and students (88.70%). The effectiveness test revealed a significant improvement in students' critical thinking skills, with the average score increasing from 39.65 on the pre-test to 91.30 on the post-test, resulting in an N-Gain score of 0.845, which falls into the high category. Among the critical thinking indicators, interpretation achieved the highest score, whereas evaluation showed the lowest achievement.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The developed media is suitable for use as an innovative, interactive biology learning resource that supports the development of 21st-century skills.
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How to cite
[1]“Development and Validation of TGT-Based Biology Snakes and Ladders Learning Media to Enhance Senior High School Students’ Critical Thinking Skills on the Human Movement System”, In. Sci. Ed. J, vol. 7, no. 5, Aug. 2026, doi: 10.37251/isej.v7i5.3634. -
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