SINTA

0.0

Impact

Google Scholar

8

h-index

Journal of Academic Biology and Biology Education

Open Access Journal

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as a Sustainable Herbal Supplement for Enhancing the Performance of Freshwater Ornamental Fish

Muhammad Ijaz
Prince of Songkla University ROR
Thailand
Setyawan Heru Tandyo
Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta ROR
Indonesia
tandoyo77@gmail.com
Share

  • Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) supplementation on the performance of ornamental fish, including growth rate, survival rate, feed intake, and body pigmentation, through a systematic review of national and international research findings.

    Methodology: This study employed a literature review method using Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate databases. Data were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel 2021. Reference validation was based on ISSN and DOI verification. Literature selection, classification, and data extraction were performed systematically following PRISMA guidelines to ensure research reliability.

    Main Findings: The main findings show that Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) contains bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, and vitamin C that enhance fish health and immunity. Supplementation improved survival rate and feed intake but did not significantly increase color performance, as anthocyanins are not dominant pigments for coloration compared to carotenoids like astaxanthin and zeaxanthin.

    Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides new insight into the potential use of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as a natural feed additive for ornamental fish. Unlike previous studies focused on food fish, it highlights Roselle’s bioactive compounds in enhancing immunity and feed intake, offering an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic additives in sustainable aquaculture practices.

  • How to cite

    [1]
    M. Ijaz and S. H. Tandyo, “Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as a Sustainable Herbal Supplement for Enhancing the Performance of Freshwater Ornamental Fish”, Jou. Acd. Bio. Ed, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 157–164, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.37251/jouabe.v2i2.2243.

    More Citation Formats

  • 198
    Abstract views
    117
    Downloads

    Metrics — Badges

    1. J. H. Peh and M. N. Azra, “A global review of ornamental fish and shellfish research,” Aquaculture, vol. 596, p. 741719, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741719. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741719
    2. S. H. Hoseinifar et al., “Sustainable ornamental fish aquaculture: the implication of microbial feed additives,” Animals, vol. 13, no. 10, 2023, doi: 10.3390/ani13101583. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13101583
    3. L. Gruneck, V. Jinatham, P. Therdtatha, and S. Popluechai, “Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens Regan ) gut microbiota,” Fishes, vol. 7, no. 347, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ fishes7060347. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060347
    4. A. Sermwatanakul, “Capacitating the local farmers to enhance global marketing of Thailand’s national aquatic animal, the siamese fighting fish,” Fish People, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 42–48, 2019.
    5. A. J. Onomu and G. E. Okuthe, “The role of functional feed additives in enhancing aquaculture sustainability,” Fishes, vol. 9, no. 5, 2024, doi: 10.3390/fishes9050167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9050167
    6. T. Sommuek, K. Kasamawut, P. Ngamsnae, K. Sreeputhorn, and S. Saowakoon, “Impacts of feed additives, prebiotics and vitamin E on growth and reproductive performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758),” J. Fish. Environ., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 1–10, 2023.
    7. P. Islam et al., “Steroid hormones in fish, caution for present and future: A review.,” Toxicol. reports, vol. 13, p. 101733, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101733. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101733
    8. C. Au-Yeung et al., “Antibiotic abuse in ornamental fish: an overlooked reservoir for antibiotic resistance,” Microorganisms, vol. 13, no. 4, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13040937. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040937
    9. N. Mooraki, Y. Batmany, S. J. Zoriehzahra, and S. Kakoolaki, “Evaluating the effect of using turmeric (Curcuma longa) on growth performance and hematological parameters of the ornamental fish, green terror (Andinocara rivulatus),” Int. J. Aquat. Res. Environ. Stud., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 49–59, 2021, doi: 10.61186/injoere.1.1.49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.61186/injoere.1.1.49
    10. M. Radwan et al., “Elucidating the effect of dietary neem (Azadirachta indica) on growth performance, haemato-biochemical, immunonological response, and anti-pathogenic capacity of Nile tilapia juveniles.,” Vet. Res. Commun., vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 3621–3638, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10497-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10497-8
    11. M. Khuanekkaphan, C. Noysang, and W. Khobjai, “Anti-aging potential and phytochemicals of Centella asiatica, Nelumbo nucifera, and Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts.,” J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 174–178, 2020, doi: 10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_79_20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_79_20
    12. I. Da-Costa-Rocha, B. Bonnlaender, H. Sievers, I. Pischel, and M. Heinrich, “Hibiscus sabdariffa L. - a phytochemical and pharmacological review.,” Food Chem., vol. 165, pp. 424–443, Dec. 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.002
    13. L. G. Maciel et al., “Hibiscus sabdariffa anthocyanins-rich extract: chemical stability, in vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.,” Food Chem. Toxicol., vol. 113, pp. 187–197, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.053. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.053
    14. A. Escobar-Ortiz, E. Castaño-Tostado, N. E. Rocha-Guzmán, J. A. Gallegos-Infante, and R. Reynoso-Camacho, “Anthocyanins extraction from Hibiscus sabdariffa and identification of phenolic compounds associated with their stability.,” J. Sci. Food Agric., vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 110–119, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10620. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10620
    15. W. Huaysrichan, P. Prachaney, B. Kongyingyoes, U. Kukongviriyapan, A. Itharat, and P. Pannangpetch, “Hibiscus sabdariffa linn. Calyx extraction and gallic acid improving cardiac diastolic dysfunction in high fat diet-STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats,” Asia-Pacific J. Sci. Technol., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 1–9, 2017.
    16. V. Pérez-Escalante, G. Aguirre-Guzmán, P. E. Vanegas-Espinoza, and A. A. Del Villar-Martínez, “Effect of anthocyanin’s extract from flour of roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa) on growth and pigmentation of goldfish (Carassius auratus),” Thai J. Vet. Med., vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 107–111, 2012, doi: 10.56808/2985-1130.2354. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56808/2985-1130.2354
    17. A. Islam, T. Jamini, and A. Yeasmin, “Roselle: a functional food with high nutritional and medicinal values,” Fundam. Appl. Agric., vol. 1, no. 2, p. 44, 2016, doi: 10.5455/faa.302644242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.268373
    18. V. V. Trichet, E. Santigosa, E. Cochin, and J. Gabaudan, “The Effect of Vitamin C on Fish Health,” in Dietary Nutrients, Additives, and Fish Health, Wiley, 2015, pp. 151–171. doi: 10.1002/9781119005568.ch7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119005568.ch7
    19. P. Houghton and A. Raman, Laboratory Handbook for the Fractionation of Natural Extracts. Springer US, 2012.
    20. R. Mattioli, A. Francioso, L. Mosca, and P. Silva, “Anthocyanins: a comprehensive review of their chemical properties and health effects on cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases,” Molecules, vol. 25, no. 17, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.3390/molecules25173809. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173809
    21. K. P. Besen, E. W. H. Melim, L. da Cunha, E. D. Favaretto, M. Moreira, and T. E. H. P. Fabregat, “Lutein as a natural carotenoid source: Effect on growth, survival and skin pigmentation of goldfish juveniles (Carassius auratus),” Aquac. Res., vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 2200–2206, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.1111/are.14101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14101
    22. T. T. T. Hien et al., “Dietary effects of carotenoid on growth performance and pigmentation in bighead catfish (Clarias macrocephalus Günther, 1864),” Fishes, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.3390/fishes7010037. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010037
    23. L. Sholichah, P. Priyanti, N. Meilisza, R. Fitriyah, S. Murniasih, and R. Hirnawati, “Pengaruh penambahan tepung bunga rosela pada pakan untuk pertumbuhan dan sintasan ikan koi (Cyprinus carpio L.) [The effect of adding roselle flower flour to feed on the growth and survival of koi fish (Cyprinus carpio L.)],” Media Akuakultur, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 31, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.15578/ma.18.1.2023.31-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15578/ma.18.1.2023.31-38
    24. A. . Khiabani, A. Keramat, and R. Tahergorbi, “Review: Use of Highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) in ornamental fish feeds,” J. Surv. Fish. Sci., vol. 6, no. 1, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.18331/SFS2019.6.1.7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18331/SFS2019.6.1.7
    25. Y. Velasco-Santamaría and W. Corredor-Santamaría, “Nutritional requirements of freshwater ornamental fish: a review,” Rev. MVZ Córdoba, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 2458–2469, May 2011, doi: 10.21897/rmvz.283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.283
    26. Z. Sankian, S. Khosravi, Y.-O. Kim, and S.-M. Lee, “Effect of dietary protein and lipid level on growth, feed utilization, and muscle composition in golden mandarin fish Siniperca scherzeri,” Fish. Aquat. Sci., vol. 20, no. 1, p. 7, 2017, doi: 10.1186/s41240-017-0053-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41240-017-0053-0
    27. K.-D. Kim, S. G. Lim, Y. J. Kang, K.-W. Kim, and M. H. Son, “Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile far eastern catfishSilurus asotus.,” Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci., vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 369–374, Mar. 2012, doi: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11089. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.11089
    28. E. M. Sihombing, L. P. Sitanggang, and N. Halawa, “Pengaruh perbandingan kuning telur dan tepung kedelai pada pasta terhadap pertumbuhan larva ikan koi (Cyprinus carpio) [The effect of the ratio of egg yolk and soybean flour in pasta on the growth of koi fish larvae (Cyprinus carpio)],” J. Penelit. Terap. Perikan. dan Kelaut., pp. 46–53, 2020, doi: 10.300491/tapian%20nauli.v2i2.53.
    29. U. M. Papilon and M. Efendi, Ikan Koi [Koi fish]. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya, 2017.
    30. R. C. Mukti, M. Amin, and M. I. Sari, “Kandungan nutrisi dan aktivitas antioksidan daun nipah (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) sebagai bahan pakan ikan [Nutrition content and antioxidant activities of nipah leaves (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) as aquafeed,” Media Akuatika J. Ilm. Jur. Budid. Perair., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 106–114, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33772/jma.v5i3.13247
    31. M. Musdalifah, H. Syam, and R. Fadilah, “Pembuatan pakan ikan berbahan baku tepung kepala udang dan daun tarum (Indigofera SP) untuk peningkatan nilai nutrisi pakan ikan [Making fish feed from shrimp head flour and tarum leaves (Indigofera SP) to increase the nutritional value of fish feed],” J. Pendidik. Teknol. Pertan., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 82, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.26858/jptp.v5i2.9936. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/jptp.v5i2.9936
    32. S. W. Ningsi, A. Kurnia, and I. Nur, “Pengaruh penambahan tepung kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terhadap tingkat kecerahan warna ikan nemo [The effect of addition of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel flour to the brightness level of clown fish (Amphiprion percula)],” Media Akuatika, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 564–571, 2018.
    33. R. M. Cheriyan and B. Karpagam, “Effect of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Cassia auriculata on immune response of Cirrhinus mrigala infected with Aeromonas hydrophila,” Int. J. Creat. Res. Thoughts, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 2404–2411, 2021.
    34. S. Herlina, “Efektivitas ekstrak daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) untuk meningkatkan respon imun non spesifik dan kelangsungan hidup ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio),” J. Ilmu Hewani Trop., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–4, 2017.
    35. T. P. Ijinu et al., “Anthocyanins as immunomodulatory dietary supplements: a nutraceutical perspective and micro-/nano-strategies for enhanced bioavailability,” Nutrients, vol. 15, no. 19, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.3390/nu15194152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194152
    36. E. Cenk et al., “Immunomodulatory properties of blackberry anthocyanins in THP-1 derived macrophages,” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 22, no. 19, p. 10483, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.3390/ijms221910483. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910483
    37. J. Zhen et al., “Phytochemistry, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and anti-inflammatory activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa leaves,” Food Chem., vol. 190, pp. 673–680, Jan. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.006
    38. W. Weerasingha, M. Chandrasiri, K. Hewawitharana, and J. Sampath, “Evaluation of anthocyanin extracted from Hibiscus rosa sinensis as a natural food colorant,” 10th Annu. Sci. Res. Sess., pp. 17–20, 2021.
    39. H. N. Sköld, S. Aspengren, K. L. Cheney, and M. Wallin, “Fish Chromatophores—From Molecular Motors to Animal Behavior,” 2016, pp. 171–219. doi: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.09.005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.09.005
    40. A. P. Das, “Carotenoids and pigmentation in ornamental fish,” J. Aquac. Mar. Biol., vol. 4, no. 5, Oct. 2016, doi: 10.15406/jamb.2016.04.00093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2016.04.00093
    41. C. C. C. R. de Carvalho and M. J. Caramujo, “Carotenoids in aquatic ecosystems and aquaculture: A colorful business with implications for human health,” Front. Mar. Sci., vol. 4, no. APR, 2017, doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00093
    42. A. Dávalos, B. Bartolomé, and C. Gómez-Cordovés, “Antioxidant properties of commercial grape juices and vinegars,” Food Chem., vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 325–330, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.09.030. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.09.030
    43. S. Sukarman, R. Hirnawati, S. Subandiyah, N. Meilisza, and I. W. Subamia, “Penggunaan tepung bunga marigold dan tepung Haematococcus pluvialis sebagai sumber karotenoid pengganti astaxantin untuk meningkatkan kualitas warna ikan koi [The use of marigold flower flour and Haematococcus pluvialis flour as a source of carotenoids to,” J. Ris. Akuakultur, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 237, Aug. 2014, doi: 10.15578/jra.9.2.2014.237-249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.9.2.2014.237-249
    44. N. Fitriana, I. W. Subamia, and S. Wahyudi, “Pertumbuhan dan performansi warna ikan mas koki (Carassius sp.) melalui pengayaan pakan dengan kepala udang [Growth and color performance of goldfish (Carassius sp.) through feed enrichment with shrimp heads],” Al-Kauniyah J. Biol., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2013, doi: 10.15408/al-kauniyah.v6i1.2825.
    45. T. Yaeni, Suminto, and T. Yuniarti, “Pemanfaatan ekstrak ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas var Ayumurasaki) dalam pakan untuk performa warna tubuh, pertubuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan rainbow (Melanotaenia praecox) [Utilization of sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas var Ayumurasaki) in feed for bo,” J. Aquac. Manag. Technol., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 293–302, 2017, doi: 10.32491/jii.vv19il.398.
    46. D. Darsiani et al., “Effect of adding carrot flour (Daucus carota) to commercial feed on increasing the brightness of the body color of goldfish (Carassius auratus),” J. Aquac. Sci., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 48–55, 2025, doi: 10.20473/joas.v10i1.68957. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/joas.v10i1.68957
    47. G. Koncara, N. B. P. Utomo, M. Setiawati, and M. Yamin, “Peningkatan kualitas warna ikan sumatra albino, Puntigrus tetrazona (Bleeker, 1855) dengan pakan buatan yang diperkaya tepung bayam merah (Amaranthus tricolor L.) [Improved quality of color sumatra barb, Puntigrus tetrazona (Bleeker, 1855) with artificial,” J. Iktiologi Indones., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 53–64, 2019, doi: 10.32491/jii.v19i1.398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32491/jii.v19i1.398
    48. B. Yuangsoi, O. Jintasataporn, P. Tabthipwon, and C. Kamel, “Utilization of carotenoids in fancy carp (Cyprinus carpio): astaxanthin, lutein and β-carotene.,” World Appl. Sci. J., vol. 11, no. 5 PP-Faisalabad, pp. 590–598, 2010.