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• Purpose of the study: This study examines the Sufism (tasawuf) thought of Tuan Guru Haji (TGH.) Muhammad Mutawalli, a twentieth-century religious authority in East Lombok, and reconstructs how his teaching is implemented in Islamic education and analyzes its relevance to the contemporary challenges facing Islamic education on Lombok Island.

  Methodology: This research uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured in-depth interviews with purposively and snowball-sampled informants, and documentation of pesantren archives and oral literature. Data were analyzed following the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, supported by source and method triangulation.

  Main Findings: TGH. Muhammad Mutawalli's Sufism rests on seven interlocking values: tazkiyat al-nafs, mahabbah ila'Allah, dzikir, muraqabah, muhasabah, zuhud, and qana'ah, transmitted through habituation, exemplary conduct, and locally rooted oral media such as the pepaosan. The study proposes a Humanist-Spiritual Islamic Education Model built on three pillars (tazkiyah, ta'dib, ta'lim), supported by four instruments: the teacher as murabbi, a value-integrated curriculum, a religious institutional culture, and exemplary conduct.

  Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is among the first to systematically reconstruct a single tuan guru's Sufi pedagogy into a transferable conceptual model, and to show how localized oral tradition functions as a deliberate pedagogical instrument for transmitting Sufi values rather than merely as folk entertainment.

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  “Living Sufism as Pedagogy: Reconstructing the Educational Thought of Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Mutawalli for Contemporary Islamic Education in Lombok, Indonesia”, Jor. Eva. Edu, vol. 7, no. 4, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.37251/jee.v7i4.3796.

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