Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE)
Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE)

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Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE)

an Open Access Journal

From Pepaosan to Pedagogy: Reconstructing a Tuan Guru’s Living Sufism into a Humanist-Spiritual Model of Islamic Education

Saeful Gani
Mataram State Islamic University ROR
Indonesia
saepulgani2202@gmail.com
Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi
Mataram State Islamic University ROR
Indonesia
Subhan Abdullah Acim
Mataram State Islamic University ROR
Indonesia
Lalu Agus Satriawan
Mataram State Islamic University ROR
Indonesia
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  • Purpose of the study: This study aims to reconstruct the Sufi (tasawuf) educational thought of Tuan Guru Haji (TGH.) Muhammad Mutawalli (1921–1984), explain how it is implemented in Islamic education, and assess its relevance to contemporary challenges facing Islamic education.

    Methodology: This qualitative study used a phenomenological design. The study collected data through moderate participant observation, semi-structured in-depth interviews with purposively and snowball-selected informants from four categories (successor teachers, educators, family heirs, and congregation members), and documentation of pesantren archives and oral literature. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model (data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification) and checked through source and method triangulation.

    Main Findings: The teaching rests on seven interlocking values (tazkiyat al-nafs, mahabbah ilallah, dzikir, muraqabah, muhasabah, zuhud, and qana'ah) transmitted through three mechanisms: a value-integrated curriculum, graduated habituation, and the deliberate repurposing of the Sasak pepaosan oral tradition as a pedagogical medium. These mechanisms respond to seven dimensions of contemporary challenge and converge in a Humanist-Spiritual Islamic Education Model built on three pillars (tazkiyah, ta'dib, ta'lim) and four instruments (the teacher as murabbi, a value-integrated curriculum, a religious institutional culture, and exemplary conduct).

    Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is among the first to reconstruct a single tuan guru's living Sufism into a transferable conceptual model and to show that local oral tradition can function as a deliberate instrument of Sufi pedagogy rather than merely as folk entertainment.

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    [1]
    “From Pepaosan to Pedagogy: Reconstructing a Tuan Guru’s Living Sufism into a Humanist-Spiritual Model of Islamic Education”, Jor. Eva. Edu, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 807–823, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.37251/jee.v7i4.3796.

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