The Effectiveness of The Traditional Game Congklak in Developing Children's Cognitiveness at Kindergarten
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The aim of this research is to facilitate children's cognitive development by utilizing the traditional Congklak game. The objective is to introduce number concepts and enhance counting skills through engaging with the Congklak game.
Methodology: This study employed a quantitative research approach with an experimental design to assess the impact of the traditional Congklak game on the cognitive skills of kindergarten children. Data collection involved participant observation during Congklak game sessions integrated into the learning process. Quantitative statistical techniques were utilized for data analysis to determine significant differences between the experimental and control groups.
Main Findings: The findings of this study demonstrate that children who engaged in the traditional Congklak game showed significant improvements in their cognitive skills, particularly in numeracy and analytical abilities. The data also revealed a positive impact on the concentration levels of children who participated in the Congklak intervention, highlighting the potential of traditional games as effective learning tools at the kindergarten level.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the traditional Congklak game as a tool for enhancing children's cognitive development at the kindergarten level. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by exploring the specific and targeted impact of Congklak on early childhood learning. Furthermore, this research incorporates cultural aspects and local values inherent in the game, enriching the early childhood educational experience.
References
Y. Tian, Y. Fang, and J. Li, “The effect of metacognitive knowledge on mathematics performance in self-regulated learning framework-multiple mediation of self-efficacy and motivation,” Front. Psychol., vol. 9, no. DEC, pp. 1–11, 2018, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02518.
A. H. Schoenfeld, “Learning to Think Mathematically: Problem Solving, Metacognition, and Sense Making in Mathematics (Reprint),” J. Educ., vol. 196, no. 2, pp. 1–38, 2016, doi: 10.1177/002205741619600202.
N. A. Hidayati, H. J. Waluyo, R. Winarni, and Suyitno, “Exploring the implementation of local wisdom-based character education among indonesian higher education students,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 179–198, 2020, doi: 10.29333/iji.2020.13213a.
J. C. A. Sandoval-Rivera, “Environmental education and indigenous knowledge: Towards the connection of local wisdom with international agendas in the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),” Diaspora, Indig. Minor. Educ., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 14–24, 2020, doi: 10.1080/15595692.2019.1652588.
A. Rachel et al., “Fear of failure among perfectionist students,” vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 643–651, 2024, doi: 10.11591/ijere.v13i2.26296.
A. Fadli and Irwanto, “The effect of local wisdom-based ELSII learning model on the problem solving and communication skills of pre-service islamic teachers,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 731–746, 2020, doi: 10.29333/iji.2020.13147a.
R. Pourdavood, K. McCarthy, and T. McCafferty, “The impact of mental computation on children’s mathematical communication, problem solving, reasoning, and algebraic thinking,” Athens J. Educ., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 241–254, 2020, doi: 10.30958/aje.7-3-1.
D. Kaya and H. Aydin, “Elementary mathematics teachers’ perceptions and lived experiences on mathematical communication,” Eurasia J. Math. Sci. Technol. Educ., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 1619–1629, 2016, doi: 10.12973/eurasia.2014.1203a.
D. F. O. Onah, E. L. L. Pang, and J. E. Sinclair, “Cognitive optimism of distinctive initiatives to foster self-directed and self-regulated learning skills: A comparative analysis of conventional and blended-learning in undergraduate studies,” Educ. Inf. Technol., vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 4365–4380, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10639-020-10172-w.
Sofnidar, Kamid, K. Anwar, Syaiful, F. R. Basuki, and D. A. Kurniawan, “Student’s behavior base cognitive style in outdoor learning-mathematiacal modelling,” Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res., vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 1538–1544, 2019.
A. Stender, M. Schwichow, C. Zimmerman, and H. Härtig, “Making inquiry-based science learning visible: the influence of CVS and cognitive skills on content knowledge learning in guided inquiry,” Int. J. Sci. Educ., vol. 40, no. 15, pp. 1812–1831, 2018, doi: 10.1080/09500693.2018.1504346.
D. H. Tong, B. P. Uyen, and N. V. A. Quoc, “The improvement of 10th students’ mathematical communication skills through learning ellipse topics,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 11, p. e08282, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08282.
Y. Chung, J. Yoo, S. W. Kim, H. Lee, and D. L. Zeidler, “Enhancing Students’ Communication Skills in the Science Classroom Through Socioscientific Issues,” Int. J. Sci. Math. Educ., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1–27, 2016, doi: 10.1007/s10763-014-9557-6.
S. Zubaidah, N. M. Fuad, S. Mahanal, and E. Suarsini, “Improving creative thinking skills of students through Differentiated Science Inquiry integrated with mind map,” J. Turkish Sci. Educ., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 77–91, 2017, doi: 10.12973/tused.10214a.
H. M. Fadzil and R. M. Saat, “The Development of a Resource Guıde in Assessıng Students’ Scıence Manıpulatıve Skılls at Secondary Schools,” J. Turkish Sci. Educ., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 240–252, 2019, doi: 10.12973/tused.
M. S. Taufik, A. F. Ridlo, S. Solahuddin, T. Iskandar, and B. S. Taroreh, “Application of YouTube-Based Virtual Blended Learning as a Learning Media for Fundamental Movement Skills in Elementary Schools during the Covid Pandemic 19,” Ann. Appl. Sport Sci., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2022, doi: 10.52547/aassjournal.1020.
A. Agbi and P. Yuangsoi, “Enhancement of Critical Thinking Skills in Students Using Mobile-Blended Learning With a Collaborative Inquiry-Based Approach,” Humanit. Arts Soc. Sci. Stud., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 9–20, 2022.
A. Syawaluddin, S. Afriani Rachman, and Khaerunnisa, “Developing Snake Ladder Game Learning Media to Increase Students’ Interest and Learning Outcomes on Social Studies in Elementary School,” Simul. Gaming, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 432–442, 2020, doi: 10.1177/1046878120921902.
M. B. Ulla and W. F. Perales, “Facebook as an integrated online learning support application during the COVID19 pandemic: Thai university students’ experiences and perspectives,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 11, p. e08317, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08317.
R. Madigan, T. Louw, M. Wilbrink, A. Schieben, and N. Merat, “What influences the decision to use automated public transport? Using UTAUT to understand public acceptance of automated road transport systems,” Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav., vol. 50, pp. 55–64, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2017.07.007.
J. F. Hair, J. J. Risher, M. Sarstedt, and C. M. Ringle, “When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM,” Eur. Bus. Rev., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 2–24, 2019, doi: 10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203.
A. Yulianda, B. Ambarita, and K. Ansari, “The Feasibility of Comic Media on Narrative Texts Based on Local Wisdom in VII Grade Student of Junior High School (SMPN) 3 Kotapinang,” Budapest Int. Res. Critics Linguist. Educ. J., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 147–163, 2019, doi: 10.33258/birle.v2i3.369.
D. Yulianti, S. Khanafiyah, and S. Sulistyorini, “Inquiry-based science comic physics series integrated with character education,” J. Pendidik. IPA Indones., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 38–44, 2016, doi: 10.15294/jpii.v5i1.5787.
I. T. Awidi and M. Paynter, “The impact of a flipped classroom approach on student learning experience,” Comput. Educ., vol. 128, no. 2, pp. 269–283, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2018.09.013.
M. Mungmachon, “Knowledge and Local Wisdom : Community Treasure,” Int. J. Humanit. Soc. Sci., vol. 2, no. 13, pp. 174–181, 2017.
H. Darmadi, “Educational Management Based on Local Wisdom (Descriptive Analytical Studies of Culture of Local Wisdom in West Kalimantan),” JETL (Journal Educ. Teach. Learn., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 135, 2018, doi: 10.26737/jetl.v3i1.603.
J. Ferreira, M. Behrens, P. Torres, and R. Marriott, “The necessary knowledge for online education: Teaching and learning to produce knowledge,” Eurasia J. Math. Sci. Technol. Educ., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 2097–2106, 2018, doi: 10.29333/ejmste/86463.
G. Silinskas and E. Kikas, “Parental Involvement in Math Homework: Links to Children’s Performance and Motivation,” Scand. J. Educ. Res., vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 17–37, 2019, doi: 10.1080/00313831.2017.1324901.
R. Novianti and M. Garzia, “Parental Engagement in Children’s Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic,” J. Teach. Learn. Elem. Educ., vol. 3, no. 2, p. 117, 2020, doi: 10.33578/jtlee.v3i2.7845.
S. Mystakidis, M. Fragkaki, and G. Filippousis, “Ready teacher one: Virtual and augmented reality online professional development for k-12 school teachers,” Computers, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1–16, 2021, doi: 10.3390/computers10100134.
K. S. Nováková, M. Sirotová, M. Urban, and J. Baghana, “Using the elements of traditional culture in the teaching process from the perspectiveof ethnopedagogy and ethnology,” J. Educ. Cult. Soc., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 495–504, 2021, doi: 10.15503/jecs2021.2.495.504.
A. J. Gonsalves, A. Danielsson, and H. Pettersson, “Masculinities and experimental practices in physics: The view from three case studies,” Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 1–15, 2016, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.12.020120.
P. Jarusawat, A. Cox, and J. Bates, “Community participation in the management of palm leaf manuscripts as Lanna cultural material in Thailand,” J. Doc., vol. 74, no. 5, pp. 951–965, 2018, doi: 10.1108/JD-02-2018-0025.
A. Amin, Alimni, D. A. Kurniawan, D. Chen, and R. P. Wirayuda, “Servation of Bengkulu Local Wisdom: The Application of Syarafal Anam in Preventing Student Radicalism,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 931–948, 2022, doi: 10.29333/iji.2022.15350a.
Kamid, Sofnidar, S. E. Septi, and Y. D. Citra, “The contribution of the traditional game of congklak to mathematics learning: How is the relationship and influence of interest, cooperative character and student responses.,” Prem. Educ. J. Pendidik. Dasar dan Pembelajaran, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 280–295, 2021, doi: 10.25273/pe.v11i2.9995.
A. Chatzipanteli, V. Grammatikopoulos, and A. Gregoriadis, “Development and evaluation of metacognition in early childhood education,” Early Child Dev. Care, vol. 184, no. 8, pp. 1223–1232, 2014, doi: 10.1080/03004430.2013.861456.
D. Muhtadi, Sukirwan, Warsito, and R. C. I. Prahmana, “Sundanese ethnomathematics: Mathematical activities in estimating, measuring, and making patterns,” J. Math. Educ., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 185–198, 2017, doi: 10.22342/jme.8.2.4055.185-198.
Y. Engeström and A. Sannino, “Discursive manifestations of contradictions in organizational change efforts: A methodological framework,” J. Organ. Chang. Manag., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 368–387, 2011, doi: 10.1108/09534811111132758.
S. Karanasios and D. Allen, “Mobile technology in mobile work: Contradictions and congruencies in activity systems,” Eur. J. Inf. Syst., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 529–542, 2014, doi: 10.1057/ejis.2014.20.
I. Verner, K. Massarwe, and D. Bshouty, “Constructs of engagement emerging in an ethnomathematically-based teacher education course,” J. Math. Behav., vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 494–507, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.jmathb.2013.06.002.
K. Owens, “Diversifying Our Perspectives on Mathematics About Space and Geometry: an Ecocultural Approach,” Int. J. Sci. Math. Educ., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 941–974, 2014, doi: 10.1007/s10763-013-9441-9.
M. Al-Okaily, H. Alqudah, A. Matar, A. Lutfi, and A. Taamneh, “Dataset on the Acceptance of e-learning System among Universities Students’ under the COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions,” Data Br., vol. 32, pp. 0–4, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106176.
K. Sharma and M. Bansal, “Using UTAUT 2 Model to Predict Mobile App based shopping: Evidences from India,” J. Indian Bus. Res., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 198–214, 2017.
D. K. Murti, G. Gunarhadi, and W. Winarno, “Development of Educational Comic with Local Wisdom to Foster Morality of Elementary School Students: A Need Analysis,” Int. J. Educ. Methodol., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 337–343, 2020, doi: 10.12973/ijem.6.2.337.
M. Tri, R. Roemintoyo, and S. Yamtinah, “Textbooks Thematic Based Character Education on Thematic Learning Primary School: An Influence,” Int. J. Educ. Methodol., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 75–81, 2018, doi: 10.12973/ijem.4.2.75.
M. Khusniati, A. P. Heriyanti, N. P. Aryani, T. R. Fariz, and D. Harjunowibowo, “Indigenous science constructs based on Troso woven fabric local wisdom: a study in ethnoscience and ethnoecology,” J. Turkish Sci. Educ., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 549–566, 2023, doi: 10.36681/tused.2023.031.
S. Prayogi, L. Yuanita, and L. Wasis, “Critical inquiry based learning: A model of learning to promote critical thinking among prospective teachers of physic,” J. Turkish Sci. Educ., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 43–56, 2018, doi: 10.12973/tused.10220a.
S. Mania and S. Alam, “Teachers’ perception toward the use of ethnomathematics approach in teaching math,” Int. J. Educ. Math. Sci. Technol., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 282–298, 2021, doi: 10.46328/IJEMST.1551.
L. H. L. Furuto, “Pacific ethnomathematics: Pedagogy and practices in mathematics education,” Teach. Math. its Appl., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 110–121, 2014, doi: 10.1093/teamat/hru009.
S. Bahri, M. Ramly, A. Gani, and S. Sukmawati, “Organizational Commitment and Civil Servants Performance: The Contribution of Intelligence, Local Wisdom and Organizational Culture,” Eur. J. Bus. Manag. Res., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 128–134, 2021, doi: 10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.1.720.
E. Islami, A. Zaky, and P. Nuangchalerm, “Comparative study of scientific literacy: Indonesian and thai pre-service science teachers report,” Int. J. Eval. Res. Educ., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 261–268, 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijere.v9i2.20355.
A. Aldiab, H. Chowdhury, A. Kootsookos, F. Alam, and H. Allhibi, “Utilization of Learning Management Systems (LMSs) in higher education system: A case review for Saudi Arabia,” Energy Procedia, vol. 160, no. 2018, pp. 731–737, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.186.
A. S. Llussà, D. Guilar, and M. Ibáñez, “Video worked examples to promote elementary students’ science process skills: a fruit decomposition inquiry activity,” J. Biol. Educ., vol. 00, no. 00, pp. 1–12, 2019, doi: 10.1080/00219266.2019.1699149.
I. Chirikov, T. Semenova, N. Maloshonok, E. Bettinger, and R. F. Kizilcec, “Online education platforms scale college STEM instruction with equivalent learning outcomes at lower cost,” Sci. Adv., vol. 6, no. 15, pp. 1–10, 2020, doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aay5324.
Copyright (c) 2023 Deska Alvisari, Yahya Che Lah, HtetMyat Tun
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Journal of Basic Education Research is the first publisher licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.