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Journal of Health Innovation and Environmental Education

an Open Access Journal

Clinical Skills Development and Competency Assessment Needs among Nursing Assistant Students: A Design and Development Study

Lachezar Manchev
Trakia University ROR
Bulgaria
lacherzarmndiv832@gmail.com
Gedamu Gebreamlak Hailu
Medicine and Health Science Institute
Ethiopia
Maurizio Martin Cavani Brain
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia ROR
Peru
Pichayaporn Ratt
Sirindhorn College of Public Health Yala
Thailand
Taisia Chertenko
Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education ROR
Ukraine
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  • Purpose of the study: This study aimed to develop and validate a competency-based clinical skills development model for nursing assistant students and evaluate its effectiveness in improving clinical performance, procedural competence, and self-efficacy.

    Methodology: A Design and Development Research (DDR) approach with a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design was employed. Phase 1 involved qualitative needs assessment with 24 students and 6 clinical instructors to identify competency gaps. A competency-based learning model integrating structured simulation, standardized rubrics, DOPS-based formative feedback, and OSCE assessment was subsequently constructed and validated by seven experts (S-CVI = 0.92). Effectiveness was evaluated using a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test control group design with 64. Outcomes included OSCE performance, DOPS ratings, and clinical self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA and effect size calculations.

    Main Findings: The intervention group demonstrated significantly higher post-test OSCE scores (82.6 ± 5.9 vs. 69.4 ± 6.7; p < 0.001; d = 1.95), improved DOPS ratings (4.3 ± 0.4 vs. 3.5 ± 0.5; p < 0.001), and increased self-efficacy (81.1 ± 7.5 vs. 64.3 ± 8.1; p < 0.001; d = 2.09) compared to controls. Skill retention at four weeks remained significantly higher in the intervention group (p < 0.001).

    Novelty/Originality of this study: Findings support structured operationalization of competency-based education in assistant-level nursing training and provide an empirically grounded framework for curriculum reform.

  • How to cite

    Clinical Skills Development and Competency Assessment Needs among Nursing Assistant Students: A Design and Development Study. (2026). Journal of Health Innovation and Environmental Education, 3(1), 85-95. https://doi.org/10.37251/jhiee.v3i1.2916

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