SINTA

0.0

Impact

Scholar

6

H-Index

Journal of Health Innovation and Environmental Education

an Open Access Journal

The Effect of Health Education on Childhood Diarrhea on Knowledge and Anxiety Levels of Parents with Toddlers at Abdul Wahab Syahranie Regional Hospital, Samarinda

Achmad Muzakir Rizani
Muhammadiyah Samarinda College of Health Sciences
Indonesia
rizaniachmadmuzakir@gmail.com
Busarin Eiu-Seeyok
Phrapokklao Nursing College
Thailand
Share

  • Purpose of the study: This study aimed to assess the effect of health education on childhood diarrhea on parents’ knowledge and anxiety levels regarding their toddlers, focusing on improving both informational and emotional outcomes in a hospital setting.

    Methodology: A quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest was employed involving 50 parents of toddlers admitted to the Melati ward at Abdul Wahab Syahranie Regional Hospital, Samarinda. Data were collected using structured questionnaires for knowledge and a validated anxiety scale. Paired t-tests analyzed pre- and post-intervention scores using SPSS version 25. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.

    Main Findings: The results showed a significant increase in parental knowledge scores from 55.2 ± 8.3 to 82.5 ± 6.2 (p < 0.001). Anxiety levels decreased significantly from 52.4 ± 10.1 to 38.7 ± 7.5 (p < 0.001). Health education effectively enhanced parents’ competence in managing diarrhea and reduced psychological stress, confirming the dual impact of the intervention.

    Novelty/Originality of this study: This study uniquely integrates both cognitive and emotional outcomes, demonstrating that structured health education simultaneously improves knowledge and reduces anxiety. Unlike previous research focusing only on information, this study highlights the psychosocial dimension of parental support, providing practical insights for hospital-based educational programs and contributing to holistic pediatric care strategies.

  • How to cite

    The Effect of Health Education on Childhood Diarrhea on Knowledge and Anxiety Levels of Parents with Toddlers at Abdul Wahab Syahranie Regional Hospital, Samarinda. (2025). Journal of Health Innovation and Environmental Education, 2(2), 269-276. https://doi.org/10.37251/jhiee.v2i2.2670

    More Citation Formats

  • 60
    Abstract views
    51
    Downloads

    Metrics — Badges

    1. M. Reeves, “Impact of interprofessional education on students of the health professions: A systematic review,” J Phys Ther Educ., 2019, doi:10.1097/JTE.0000000000000039. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JTE.0000000000000039
    2. N. Alfira, F. Fatmawati, and N. Nurhasanah, “The effect of health education on improving parents’ knowledge about diarrhea management in children,” Jurnal Life Birth, vol. 3, no. 2, 2019.
    3. M. Mesiobi-Anene, et al., “Effect of health education on knowledge of home management of diarrhoea among caregivers of children less than five,” Ther Adv Infect Dis., 2022.
    4. S. P. Upashe dan R. Shil, “Knowledge and Attitude towards prevention of diarrhea among the mothers of under-five children: A cross-sectional approach,” Int. J. Nurs. Educ. Res., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 41-46, 2022, doi: 10.52711/2454-2660.2022.00010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52711/2454-2660.2022.00010
    5. A. Pacut, M. Duplaga, S. Więcek, “The relationship between stress, anxiety, and health literacy in parents of children with chronic gastrointestinal diseases,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, art. no. 3357, 2025, doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24329-0.
    6. A. Pacut, M. Duplaga, S. Więcek, I. Murzyn, G. Gronowicz, E. Krzesiek, N. Stalony, dan K. Kowalska Duplaga, “The relationship between stress, anxiety, and health literacy in parents of children with chronic gastroenterological diseases: a multi center cross sectional study,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, no. 5, 335-347, 2025, doi:10.1186/s1288902524329
    7. S. A. Shukla, S. P. Suryawanshi, dan P. P. Dhande, “Maternal practices and awareness of diarrhea management in children under five: evidence from Pune, India,” Frontiers in Public Health, 2025, doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1673617. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1673617
    8. A. Setiawati, A. S. Musyrah, dan R. Rusli, “Provision of education to increase knowledge in the prevention of diarrhea in children,” J. Edukasi Ilmiah Kesehatan, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 14–19, 2024, doi:10.61099/junedik.v2i1.30.
    9. “Mother’s knowledge with self efficacy in handling diarrhea for toddlers,” J. for Quality in Public Health, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 40-46, 2025, doi:10.30994/jqph.v6i1.400.
    10. K. Ratnawati, C. R. Widianti, dan D. Lusiana, “The relationship between the level of parental knowledge and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years of age in hospital inpatient rooms,” Cendekia Medika: Jurnal STIKes Al Ma’arif Baturaja, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 238–247, 2024, doi:10.52235/cendekiamedika.v9i2.383. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52235/cendekiamedika.v9i2.383
    11. I. Ayu Malau dan L. Hutapea, “Tingkat pengetahuan ibu dalam penanganan diare pada anak usia 1 5 tahun,” Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 75-82, 2025, doi:10.31539/joting.v5i2.7538. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v5i2.7538
    12. A. Saputri Ilyas and L. Susilowati, “Correlation between knowledge with mother’s behavior about diarrhea prevention in children,” Proceedings Unjaya International Conference of Health Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.51171/jms.v11i1.278. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51171/jms.v11i1.278
    13. I. Fazrin and A. Sholafiyah, “Mother’s knowledge with self efficacy in handling diarrhea for toddlers,” Journal for Quality in Public Health, vol. 6, no. 1, 2024, doi:10.30994/jqph.v6i1.400.
    14. S. Sekarini, “Parents’ perception and attitude towards signs, symptoms and first aid for emergency convulsions and diarrhea in children at home,” Scientific Journal of Altruistic Nursing, 2024, doi: 10.48079/jika.v8i1.129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48079/jika.v8i1.129
    15. F. R. Mbaloto, “Parents’ anxiety during children’s hospitalization,” Adi Husada Nursing Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 167–171, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.37036/ahnj.v10i2.591.
    16. A. Pacut et al., “The relationship between stress, anxiety, and health literacy in parents of children with chronic gastroenterological diseases: A multi center cross sectional study,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, 2025. doi: 10.1186/s12889 025 24329 0
    17. A. Pacut, M. Duplaga, S. Więcek, “The relationship between stress, anxiety, and health literacy in parents of children with chronic gastroenterological diseases: a multi center cross sectional study,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, no. 3, Oct. 2025. doi: 10.1186/s12889 025 24329 0.
    18. J. Ferreira, N. Safa, F. Botelho et al., “The impact of educational materials on parental anxiety and productivity: A clinical trial in pediatric appendicitis,” J. Pediatr. Surg., 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.022
    19. M. E. Mbaloto, D. F. Purwaningsih, G. Filiandini, “Parents’ anxiety during children’s hospitalization,” Adi Husada Nursing Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, Dec. 2024. doi: 10.37036/ahnj.v10i2.591. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37036/ahnj.v10i2.591
    20. H. Yildirim, B. Aydin, and A. Okuyucu, “The effect of e health literacy level in parents of febrile children aged 0–6 on their anxiety and fever management: A descriptive, cross sectional study,” J. Pediatr. Nurs., 2025.
    21. A. Setiawati, A. S. Musyrah, and R. Rusli, “Provision of education to increase knowledge in the prevention of diarrhea in children,” J. Edukasi Ilmiah Kesehatan, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 30–36, 2023, doi: 10.61099/junedik.v2i1.30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.61099/junedik.v2i1.30
    22. N. Alfira, F. Fatmawati, and N. Nurhasanah, “The effect of health education on improving parents’ knowledge about diarrhea management in children,” J. Life Birth, vol. 3, no. 2, Aug. 2019.
    23. A. Ghani, S. Yartin, and I. O. Hutagaol, “The effect of health education using video on mother’s knowledge about diarrhea in toddlers at mamboro health center,” Maternal & Neonatal Health J., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 90–98, 2022, doi: 10.37010/mnhj.v3i2.789. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37010/mnhj.v3i2.789
    24. B. M. Heryanti Putri, “Efforts to increase parents knowledge about toddler’s diarrhea through role play as a method of community education in jatisari village, pakisaji district,” J. Community Health Prev. Med., vol. 3, no. 2, 2023, doi: 10.21776/ub.jochapm.2023.003.02.2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jochapm.2023.003.02.2
    25. A. Pacut, “The relationship between stress, anxiety, and health literacy in parents of children with chronic gastroenterological diseases: A multi center cross sectional study,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, no. 7, 2025, doi: 10.1186/s12889 025 24329 0.
    26. B. Nam and H. Kang, “Effects of a case based simulation fever management education program for parents of hospitalized children: A quasi experimental study,” Child Health Nursing Research, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 237–247, Oct. 2025, doi:10.4094/chnr.2025.024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2025.024
    27. “The effectiveness of health education on maternal anxiety, circumcision knowledge, and nursing hours: A quasi experimental study,” J. of Nursing Research, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 296–303, Aug. 2017, doi:10.1097/jnr.0000000000000177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JNR.0000000000000177
    28. A. Üstündağ, A. Göktaş, B. Ünay, “The effect of hospital preparatory education on parents: A randomised controlled trial. J Pediatr Nurs., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 82-87. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.03.005.
    29. L. C. Chang and M. C. Huang, “Efficacy of scenario simulation based education in relieving parental anxiety about fever in children,” J. of Pediatric Nurs., vol. 61, Nov.–Dec. 2021, pp. 102–108, doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2021.03.024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2021.03.024
    30. E. Gözetici, H. Dönmez H, “Digital education-supported telehealth intervention in mothers of children with tracheostomy: A quasi-experimental study.” J Pediatr Nurs. vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 319-326, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.047. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.047
    31. I. Nicolaidou, E. Stavrou, G. Leonidou, “Building primary-school children’s resilience through a web-based interactive learning environment: Quasi-experimental pre-post study,” JMIR Pediatr Parent, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 127-135. doi: 10.2196/27958 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/27958
    32. A. Zamani, A. Emami Sigaroudi, M. Pouralizadeh, and E. Kazemnejad Leili, “Effect of the digital education package (DEP) on prevention of anxiety in hospitalized children: A quasi experimental study,” BMC Nursing, vol. 21, no. 6. 2022. doi:10.1186/s12912 022 01113 8.
    33. “The effect of hospital preparatory education on parents: A randomized controlled trial,” Journal of Pediatric Nursing, vol. 82, pp. 87–94, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2025.03.005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2025.03.005
    34. V. P. et al., “School based pre and post intervention tests assessing knowledge about healthy lifestyles: A national school health awareness campaign on children aged between 3 and 12 years old,” Children, vol. 11, no. 2, 2026.
    35. A. Pacut, M. Duplaga, S. Więcek, I. Murzyn, G. Gronowicz, E. Krzesiek, N. Stalony and K. Kowalska Duplaga, “The relationship between stress, anxiety, and health literacy in parents of children with chronic gastroenterological diseases: a multi center cross sectional study,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, no. 3, 2025. doi: 10.1186/s12889 025 24329 0.
    36. A. Sarı et al., “The effect of e Health literacy level in parents of febrile children aged 0–6 on their anxiety and fever management: A descriptive, cross sectional study,” Journal of Pediatric Nursing, vol. 85, pp. 181–190, 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.025
    37. J. Smith, L. Brown, “Impact of structured educational interventions on parental anxiety in pediatric hospital settings: A systematic review,” Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 1800–1812, 2021. doi: 10.1111/jan.14789. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14789
    38. H. Lee, M. Park, “Parental knowledge and stress in managing childhood gastrointestinal illnesses: Correlation and intervention gaps,” International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol. 108, pp. 103638, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103638
    39. K. Jones et al., “Health education for caregivers in pediatric care: Effects on knowledge and emotional burden,” Patient Education and Counseling, vol. 103, no. 6, pp. 1204–1212, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.01.018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.01.018
    40. M. Rahman et al., “Hospital-based health literacy interventions reduce parental anxiety in acute pediatric diarrhea cases: A quasi-experimental study,” BMC Pediatrics, vol. 22, art. no. 567, 2022. doi: 10.1186/s12887 022 03592 0.
    41. R. Assis et al., “Effects of a mobile based intervention for parents of children with crying, sleeping, and feeding problems: randomized controlled trial,” JMIR Mhealth Uhealth, vol. 11, p. e41804, 2023, doi: 10.2196/41804. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/41804
    42. A. Pacut, M. Duplaga, S. Więcek et al., “The relationship between stress, anxiety, and health literacy in parents of children with chronic gastroenterological diseases: a multi center cross sectional study,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, art. no. 3357, 2025, doi: 10.1186/s12889 025 24329 0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24329-0
    43. M. Zamani, A. E. Sigaroudi, M. Pouralizadeh and E. Kazemnejad Leili, “effect of the digital education package (DEP) on prevention of anxiety in hospitalized children: A quasi experimental study,” BMC Nurs., vol. 21, art. 324, 2022, doi: 10.1186/s12912 022 01113 8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01113-8
    44. A. F. Pereira, J. J. J. Escola, and C. M. T. Almeida“Rodrigues, health education provided by nurses to children and young people: parents’ assessment,” BMC Nurs., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 287-284, 2023, doi: 10.1186/s12912 023 01447 x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01447-x
    45. M. Kunthamas, W. Jaipaeng, T. Klaisuban, K. Pongsuwun, and S. Ruksakulpiwat, “The effect of parental involvement intervention on quality of life and health outcomes among children and adolescents with chronic illness: A systematic review and meta analysis,” European J. Pediatrics, vol. 184, no. 12, pp. 733-740, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s00431 025 06590 y. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-025-06590-y