Journal of Basic Education Research
Journal of Basic Education Research

an Open Access Journal

SINTA

0.0

Impact

Scholar

14

H-Index

Journal of Basic Education Research

an Open Access Journal


Effectiveness of a School Smartphone Ban in Reducing Cyberbullying and Supporting a Safe Learning Environment: A Descriptive–Evaluative Study in Indonesia

Share
  • Purpose of the study: This study evaluates the effectiveness of a school-wide smartphone-ban policy in reducing cyberbullying among junior high school students and identifies the factors that support or hinder its implementation in two public junior high schools in the Bandung area, Indonesia.

    Methodology: A quantitative descriptive–evaluative design was used. Data were collected from junior high school students at SMP Negeri 35 Bandung and SMP Negeri Satu Atap Nagrog through a four-point Likert-scale questionnaire covering six effectiveness indicators, complemented by structured observation. The sample was drawn using the Slovin formula and analysed using descriptive statistics and an effectiveness-percentage classification.

    Main Findings: A majority of respondents reported that the ban was consistently enforced (69.14%) and that cyberbullying incidents had declined after its introduction (61.73%). The composite effectiveness score was 78.67%, which falls in the “effective” category. Restricting in-school smartphone access reduces the opportunity structure for cyberbullying, but the effect is conditioned by student compliance and the consistency of school supervision.

    Novelty/Originality of this study: While the international literature on school phone bans focuses largely on academic performance and general well-being, this study foregrounds cyberbullying as the primary outcome and provides school-level evidence from the under-represented Indonesian context, framed through an input–process–output–outcome systems lens.

  • How to cite

    [1]
    “Effectiveness of a School Smartphone Ban in Reducing Cyberbullying and Supporting a Safe Learning Environment: A Descriptive–Evaluative Study in Indonesia”, J. Bs. Edu. R, vol. 7, no. 4, Jul. 2026, doi: 10.37251/jber.v7i4.3515.
  • 11
    Abstract views
    0
    Downloads

    Metrics — Badges

    1. [1] D. J. Kuss and M. D. Griffiths, "Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned," Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 311, 2017, doi: 10.3390/ijerph14030311.
    2. [2] J. M. Twenge and W. K. Campbell, "Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents," Prev. Med. Rep., vol. 12, pp. 271–283, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003.
    3. [3] J. D. Elhai, R. D. Dvorak, J. C. Levine, and B. J. Hall, "Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology," J. Affect. Disord., vol. 207, pp. 251–259, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.030.
    4. [4] A. Lepp, J. E. Barkley, and A. C. Karpinski, "The relationship between cell phone use, academic performance, anxiety, and satisfaction with life in college students," Comput. Human Behav., vol. 31, pp. 343–350, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.049.
    5. [5] L.-P. Beland and R. Murphy, "Ill communication: Technology, distraction & student performance," Labour Econ., vol. 41, pp. 61–76, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.labeco.2016.04.004.
    6. [6] J. H. Kuznekoff and S. Titsworth, "The impact of mobile phone usage on student learning," Commun. Educ., vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 233–252, 2013, doi: 10.1080/03634523.2013.767917.
    7. [7] M. A. Campbell, "Cyber bullying: An old problem in a new guise?," Aust. J. Guid. Couns., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 68–76, 2005, doi: 10.1375/ajgc.15.1.68.
    8. [8] J. W. Patchin and S. Hinduja, "Bullies move beyond the schoolyard: A preliminary look at cyberbullying," Youth Violence Juv. Justice, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 148–169, 2006, doi: 10.1177/1541204006286288.
    9. [9] P. K. Smith, J. Mahdavi, M. Carvalho, S. Fisher, S. Russell, and N. Tippett, "Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils," J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 376–385, 2008, doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x.
    10. [10] N. Lapidot-Lefler and M. Dolev-Cohen, "Comparing cyberbullying and school bullying among school students: Prevalence, gender, and grade level differences," Soc. Psychol. Educ., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1–16, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s11218-014-9280-8.
    11. [11] R. Slonje and P. K. Smith, "Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?," Scand. J. Psychol., vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 147–154, 2008, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00611.x.
    12. [12] F. Sticca and S. Perren, "Is cyberbullying worse than traditional bullying? Examining the differential roles of medium, publicity, and anonymity for the perceived severity of bullying," J. Youth Adolesc., vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 739–750, 2013, doi: 10.1007/s10964-012-9867-3.
    13. [13] H. J. Thomas, J. P. Connor, and J. G. Scott, "Integrating traditional bullying and cyberbullying: Challenges of definition and measurement in adolescents A review," Educ. Psychol. Rev., vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 135–152, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s10648-014-9261-7.
    14. [14] H. Vandebosch and K. Van Cleemput, "Defining cyberbullying: A qualitative research into the perceptions of youngsters," CyberPsychol. Behav., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 499–503, 2008, doi: 10.1089/cpb.2007.0042.
    15. [15] A. Görzig and L. Frumkin, "Cyberbullying experiences on-the-go: When social media can become distressing," Cyberpsychology, vol. 7, no. 1, Art. 4, 2013, doi: 10.5817/CP2013-1-4.
    16. [16] R. S. Tokunaga, "Following you home from school: A critical review and synthesis of research on cyberbullying victimization," Comput. Human Behav., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 277–287, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2009.11.014.
    17. [17] J. Juvonen and E. F. Gross, "Extending the school grounds? Bullying experiences in cyberspace," J. Sch. Health, vol. 78, no. 9, pp. 496–505, 2008, doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00335.x.
    18. [18] R. M. Kowalski, G. W. Giumetti, A. N. Schroeder, and M. R. Lattanner, "Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth," Psychol. Bull., vol. 140, no. 4, pp. 1073–1137, 2014, doi: 10.1037/a0035618.
    19. [19] K. L. Modecki, J. Minchin, A. G. Harbaugh, N. G. Guerra, and K. C. Runions, "Bullying prevalence across contexts: A meta-analysis measuring cyber and traditional bullying," J. Adolesc. Health, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 602–611, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.06.007.
    20. [20] J. Wang, R. J. Iannotti, and T. R. Nansel, "School bullying among adolescents in the United States: Physical, verbal, relational, and cyber," J. Adolesc. Health, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 368–375, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.021.
    21. [21] K. R. Williams and N. G. Guerra, "Prevalence and predictors of internet bullying," J. Adolesc. Health, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. S14–S21, 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.08.018.
    22. [22] M. L. Ybarra and K. J. Mitchell, "Online aggressor/targets, aggressors, and targets: A comparison of associated youth characteristics," J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 1308–1316, 2004, doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00328.x.
    23. [23] M. L. Ybarra, M. Diener-West, and P. J. Leaf, "Examining the overlap in internet harassment and school bullying: Implications for school intervention," J. Adolesc. Health, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. S42–S50, 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.09.004.
    24. [24] D. Olweus, "Cyberbullying: An overrated phenomenon?," Eur. J. Dev. Psychol., vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 520–538, 2012, doi: 10.1080/17405629.2012.682358.
    25. [25] S. Bauman, R. B. Toomey, and J. L. Walker, "Associations among bullying, cyberbullying, and suicide in high school students," J. Adolesc., vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 341–350, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.12.001.
    26. [26] M. P. Hamm et al., "Prevalence and effect of cyberbullying on children and young people: A scoping review of social media studies," JAMA Pediatr., vol. 169, no. 8, pp. 770–777, 2015, doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.0944.
    27. [27] S. Hinduja and J. W. Patchin, "Bullying, cyberbullying, and suicide," Arch. Suicide Res., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 206–221, 2010, doi: 10.1080/13811118.2010.494133.
    28. [28] R. M. Kowalski and S. P. Limber, "Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of cyberbullying and traditional bullying," J. Adolesc. Health, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. S13–S20, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.09.018.
    29. [29] F. Mishna, C. Cook, T. Gadalla, J. Daciuk, and S. Solomon, "Cyber bullying behaviors among middle and high school students," Am. J. Orthopsychiatry, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 362–374, 2010, doi: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01040.x.
    30. [30] J. W. Patchin and S. Hinduja, "Cyberbullying and self-esteem," J. Sch. Health, vol. 80, no. 12, pp. 614–621, 2010, doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00548.x.
    31. [31] B. Hamuddin, F. Rahman, A. Pammu, Y. S. Baso, and T. Derin, "Cyberbullying among EFL students’ blogging activities: Motives and proposed solutions," Teach. Engl. Technol., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 3–20, 2020.
    32. [32] Y. W. Riyayanatasya and R. Rahayu, "Involvement of teenage-students in cyberbullying on WhatsApp," J. Komun. Indones., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2020, doi: 10.7454/jki.v9i1.11541.
    33. [33] T. Safaria, "Prevalence and impact of cyberbullying in a sample of Indonesian junior high school students," Turk. Online J. Educ. Technol., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 82–91, 2016.
    34. [34] S. Livingstone and P. K. Smith, "Annual research review: Harms experienced by child users of online and mobile technologies," J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 635–654, 2014, doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12197.
    35. [35] G. S. O’Keeffe and K. Clarke-Pearson, "The impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families," Pediatrics, vol. 127, no. 4, pp. 800–804, 2011, doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-0054.
    36. [36] UNESCO, Global Education Monitoring Report 2023: Technology in Education A Tool on Whose Terms? Paris, France: UNESCO Publishing, 2023, doi: 10.54676/UZQV8501.
    37. [37] N. Selwyn and J. Aagaard, "Banning mobile phones from classrooms An opportunity to advance understanding of technology addiction, distraction and cyberbullying," Br. J. Educ. Technol., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 8–19, 2021, doi: 10.1111/bjet.12943.
    38. [38] H. Gaffney, D. P. Farrington, D. L. Espelage, and M. M. Ttofi, "Are cyberbullying intervention and prevention programs effective? A systematic and meta-analytical review," Aggress. Violent Behav., vol. 45, pp. 134–153, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.avb.2018.07.002.
    39. [39] H. Gaffney, M. M. Ttofi, and D. P. Farrington, "Evaluating the effectiveness of school-bullying prevention programs: An updated meta-analytical review," Aggress. Violent Behav., vol. 45, pp. 111–133, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.avb.2018.07.001.
    40. [40] J. Gerlinger and J. C. Wo, "Preventing school bullying: Should schools prioritize an authoritative school discipline approach over security measures?," J. Sch. Violence, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 133–157, 2016, doi: 10.1080/15388220.2014.956321.
    41. [41] M. M. Ttofi and D. P. Farrington, "Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: A systematic and meta-analytic review," J. Exp. Criminol., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 27–56, 2011, doi: 10.1007/s11292-010-9109-1.
    42. [42] D. S. Van Meter and C. E. Van Horn, "The policy implementation process: A conceptual framework," Adm. Soc., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 445–488, 1975, doi: 10.1177/009539977500600404.
    43. [43] S. Hinduja and J. W. Patchin, "Cyberbullying: An exploratory analysis of factors related to offending and victimization," Deviant Behav., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 129–156, 2008, doi: 10.1080/01639620701457816.
    44. [44] E. Hutson, S. Kelly, and L. K. Militello, "Systematic review of cyberbullying interventions for youth and parents with implications for evidence-based practice," Worldviews Evid. Based Nurs., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 72–79, 2018, doi: 10.1111/wvn.12257.
    45. [45] D. L. Espelage and J. S. Hong, "Cyberbullying prevention and intervention efforts: Current knowledge and future directions," Can. J. Psychiatry, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 374–380, 2017, doi: 10.1177/0706743716684793.
    46. [46] J. Raskauskas and A. D. Stoltz, "Involvement in traditional and electronic bullying among adolescents," Dev. Psychol., vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 564–575, 2007, doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.564.
    47. [47] L. M. Jones and K. J. Mitchell, "Defining and measuring youth digital citizenship," New Media Soc., vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 2063–2079, 2016, doi: 10.1177/1461444815577797.
    48. [48] M. S. Ribble, G. D. Bailey, and T. W. Ross, "Digital citizenship: Addressing appropriate technology behavior," Learn. Lead. Technol., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 6–12, 2004.
    49. [49] S. Livingstone, "Media literacy and the challenge of new information and communication technologies," Commun. Rev., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 3–14, 2004, doi: 10.1080/10714420490280152.
    50. [50] J. W. Creswell, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA, USA: SAGE, 2014.
    51. [51] C. H. Lawshe, "A quantitative approach to content validity," Pers. Psychol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 563–575, 1975, doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x.
    52. [52] L. J. Cronbach, "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 297–334, 1951, doi: 10.1007/BF02310555.