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GeoEdu Insight Journal: Geography and Education Geography

an Open Access Journal

Activating Every Voice, Improving Every Outcome: Numbered Heads Together in Fourth-Grade Social Studies Learning

Nur Rahma
Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo ROR
Indonesia
nurrahma@gmail.com
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  • Purpose of the study: This study aimed to analyze the improvement of Social Studies learning outcomes among fourth-grade students through the implementation of the cooperative learning model Numbered Heads Together  on the topic of natural resource distribution at MI Pesantren Datok Sulaiman Palopo.

    Methodology: This study employed Classroom Action Research using the Hopkins cycle model, consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The study involved 22 fourth-grade students and was conducted in two cycles. Data were collected through learning achievement tests, student and teacher observations, and documentation. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically using IBM SPSS, including paired-samples t-test and Friedman test.

    Main Findings: The results showed an improvement in students’ learning outcomes following NHT implementation. The mean score increased from 50.23 in the pre-cycle to 70.00 in Cycle I and 80.00 in Cycle II. Learning mastery increased from 9.09% to 31.82% and 77.27%, respectively. The Friedman test indicated a significant difference across the three measurement stages (χ²(2) = 42.286, p < 0.001).

    Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty lies in integrating NHT with iterative classroom action and statistical analysis to examine learning improvement in Social Studies on natural resource distribution. The study demonstrates that NHT effectiveness is supported by implementation quality, including concrete examples, learning media, motivation, and discussion guidance, providing contextual evidence for improving elementary students’ learning outcomes.

  • How to cite

    Activating Every Voice, Improving Every Outcome: Numbered Heads Together in Fourth-Grade Social Studies Learning. (2026). GeoEdu Insight Journal: Geography and Education Geography, 1(2), 84-94. https://doi.org/10.37251/gedij.v1i2.3874

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