Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education
Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education is a peer-reviewed journal published twice a year. Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education (Mult. Jou. Tour. Hosp. Phys. Ed) is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal dedicated to disseminating advances in science and research in the field of of Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education both in Indonesia and in the global context of developing countries. Committed to excellence, the Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education publishes comprehensive research articles and invited reviews from leading experts in the fields of of Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education. The selection criteria prioritize papers that demonstrate high scientific value, convey new knowledge, and have a significant impact on Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education. This journal focuses on the evaluation, teaching, and learning of Tourism, Hospitality, Sport and Physical Education and related topics at the school and college level.
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Development of a Valid and Reliable Multidirectional Dribbling Assessment Instrument for Futsal Players
Purpose of the Study: This study aimed to develop, validate, and determine the reliability of an enhanced futsal dribbling skills assessment instrument for male university students using a practical and standardized testing design suitable for indoor futsal environments. Methodology: This study used the Borg and Gall Research and Development model. Data were collected through observation sheets, Likert-scale questionnaires, digital stopwatches, expert validation forms, and dribbling performance tests. Participants included 50 and 100 male university students in small- and large-group trials. Pearson product moment correlation analysis was used to test validity and reliability. Main Findings: The instrument achieved an expert validation score of 81.43%. Large-group testing produced validity coefficients of 0.774 and 0.714, while reliability coefficients reached 0.809 and 0.813. Participant acceptance reached 90.08%. The final instrument utilized a 10 × 6 meter course integrating circular, winding, zig-zag, and straight dribbling patterns for multidirectional skill assessment. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study developed a futsal-specific dribbling assessment instrument combining four movement patterns within a compact testing area. The instrument also provides normative performance categories for university athletes. This development advances existing futsal assessment tools by improving practicality, multidirectional technical evaluation, and objective interpretation of dribbling performance outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Septian Rahmawanto, Dea Ananda, Della Chantika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Multimodal Rehabilitation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Evidence from Uzbekistan, Indonesia, and Iran
Purpose of the Study: This study aimed to compare multimodal rehabilitation approaches after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in Uzbekistan, Indonesia, and Iran. It examined the contribution of integrated rehabilitation interventions to improving knee function, restoring mobility, reducing postoperative complications, and supporting functional recovery across different healthcare and sports medicine contexts. Methodology: A comparative literature review was conducted using scientific publications and rehabilitation evidence from Uzbekistan, Indonesia, and Iran between 2020 and 2025. The analysis focused on integrated rehabilitation strategies, including therapeutic exercise, neuromuscular training, electrical stimulation, cryotherapy, massage therapy, and progressive strengthening programs for postoperative ligament reconstruction recovery. Main Findings: The findings indicated that multimodal rehabilitation consistently improved postoperative knee function, mobility, and functional performance across the three countries. Indonesian studies emphasized improvements in range of motion and edema reduction, Iranian research highlighted neuromuscular control and reinjury prevention, while Uzbek evidence demonstrated the role of therapeutic exercise and sports medicine integration. Despite differences in healthcare resources, integrated rehabilitation approaches showed comparable benefits for recovery after ligament reconstruction. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study presents a cross-country synthesis of multimodal rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by integrating evidence from Uzbekistan, Indonesia, and Iran. It highlights similarities and contextual differences in rehabilitation strategies across diverse healthcare systems and sports medicine practices, offering a comparative evidence base that supports adaptation of multimodal rehabilitation protocols in developing country settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Karimov Dafron, Rahayu Sustiwi, Morteza Shamsi, Mobin Moradi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Rural Sport Tourism Development and Governance: Evidence from Jurangmangu Adventure Village
Purpose of the study: This study aims to explore the current sport tourism potential and development challenges of Jurangmangu Adventure Village in Pemalang, Indonesia, and to derive cross-national comparative insights by examining analogous rural sport tourism governance experiences in Thailand and the Philippines. Methodology: This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach within an interpretivist framework. Data were collected from March to August 2025 through structured interviews with purposively selected informants, complemented by observation and document analysis. Thematic analysis and triangulation ensured credibility. Findings are presented as an in-depth descriptive case study due to the limited but information-rich informant base. Main Findings: Jurangmangu Adventure Village demonstrates strong sport tourism potential through Mount Slamet trekking, downhill mountain biking, agritourism, educational tourism, and community-based hospitality. However, development challenges remain in institutional governance, funding dependency, and digital promotion. The integrated family sport tourism model combining adventure activities and educational experiences represents a distinctive and scalable approach aligned with rural tourism practices in Southeast Asia. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers the first qualitative examination of Jurangmangu Adventure Village as an integrated rural sport tourism destination within a Southeast Asian comparative framework. By connecting Indonesian field evidence with Thailand and Philippine governance perspectives, the study provides new insights into community-based sport tourism development, highlighting transferable strategies for strengthening rural destination management and sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elang Purbha Sejati, Paphada Suebplai, Mario Ramil Pepito https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Students' Interest in Football Participation at the Elementary School Level
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to investigate the level of students’ interest in soccer among students of elementary school Inpres BTN IKIP II, Rappocini District, Makassar City, and to identify the factors influencing their interest in participating in soccer activities. The study focused on examining students’ interest levels and the underlying motivational factors associated with soccer participation. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative descriptive survey design. The sample consisted of 21 students selected from Elementary School Inpres BTN IKIP II, Rappocini District, Makassar City. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on a Likert scale covering motivation and aspirations, attitudes toward teachers and lessons, family support, facilities, and mass media factors. Main Findings: The findings revealed that students’ interest in soccer was categorized as high, with 72.14% of students demonstrating a high level of interest and only 27.86% showing a low level of interest. The study further indicated that students’ interest was influenced by several factors, including motivation and aspirations, attitudes toward teachers and learning activities, family support, availability of facilities, and exposure to mass media. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive assessment of elementary school students’ interest in soccer through multiple influencing dimensions, including personal, educational, familial, environmental, and media-related factors. The study provides localized empirical evidence regarding sports interest among primary school students and contributes to understanding how motivational and environmental factors shape participation in soccer activities within elementary education settings.
Copyright (c) 2024 Muh. Iwan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Basic Movement Training and Agility in Youth Badminton Athletes
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to determine the effect of basic movement training on the agility of badminton athletes under 12 years old. The research focused on evaluating whether a structured basic movement training program could significantly improve agility performance among young badminton athletes. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative experimental approach using a One-Group Pretest–Posttest Design. The sample consisted of 27 male badminton athletes under 12 years old from PB. Bantul Badminton Club selected through purposive sampling. The intervention involved 16 sessions of basic movement training. Main Findings: The results demonstrated a significant effect of basic movement training on agility improvement among badminton athletes under 12 years old. The paired-sample t-test revealed a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. The mean agility score improved from 9.1437 seconds during the pretest to 8.6804 seconds during the posttest. Furthermore, the calculated t-value (6.251) exceeded the critical t-value (2.056), confirming the effectiveness of the training intervention in enhancing agility performance. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in the application of a structured basic movement training program consisting of twelve integrated locomotor and non-locomotor movement patterns specifically designed for badminton athletes under 12 years old. Unlike conventional badminton training that primarily emphasizes technical skills, this study highlights the importance of fundamental movement development as a foundation for agility enhancement, providing an innovative and age-appropriate training approach for long-term athlete development.
Copyright (c) 2024 Irgan Agus Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Relationship Between Arm Muscle Strength and Overhand Service Performance Among Male Volleyball Athletes
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to determine the relationship between arm muscle strength and overhand volleyball service performance among male volleyball athletes of Padang Pariaman Family Association Pekanbaru. The study focused on examining the extent to which arm muscle strength contributes to the success of overhand service execution in volleyball. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative correlational research design. The population consisted of 16 male volleyball athletes of Padang Pariaman Family Association Pekanbaru, and total sampling was applied. Data were collected using a push-up test to measure arm muscle strength and an overhand service test to assess volleyball service performance. Data analysis included the Chi-Square normality test, Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis, t-test, and coefficient of determination analysis. Main Findings: The findings indicated a significant positive relationship between arm muscle strength and overhand volleyball service performance. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.619, exceeding the critical value of 0.497 at the 5% significance level. Furthermore, arm muscle strength contributed 38.31% to overhand service performance. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides empirical evidence regarding the contribution of arm muscle strength to overhand volleyball service performance among club-level athletes. Unlike previous studies that examined student populations or multiple physical components simultaneously, this research specifically quantifies the relationship and contribution of arm muscle strength to service performance in competitive volleyball athletes, offering practical insights for strength-based training program development.
Copyright (c) 2024 M. Nusri Rachman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Physical Fitness Profile of Male Students Participating in a Junior High School Futsal Extracurricular Program
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to determine the physical fitness level of male students participating in the futsal extracurricular program at MTs Hasanah Pekanbaru. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive quantitative research design. The population consisted of 25 male students participating in the futsal extracurricular program at MTs Hasanah Pekanbaru, selected using total sampling. Data were collected using the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test for boys aged 13–15 years, including a 50-meter sprint, 60-second pull-up test, 60-second sit-up test, vertical jump test, and 1,000-meter run. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and percentage analysis. Main Findings: The results showed that the physical fitness level of the students was predominantly in the moderate category. Of the 25 participants, 15 students (60%) were classified as moderate, 3 students (12%) as good, 5 students (20%) as poor, and 2 students (8%) as very poor, while no student achieved the very good category. The overall average fitness score was 14.56, which falls within the moderate classification according to the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test norms. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides an updated profile of physical fitness among junior high school students involved in extracurricular futsal activities using the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test framework. The findings offer practical baseline data for coaches, physical education teachers, and schools to design evidence-based training programs that enhance students’ fitness levels and support better participation and performance in school sports activities.
Copyright (c) 2024 Syafi'i Syafi'i https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Physical Condition Profile of Male Archery Athletes in Bengkalis Regency
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to determine the physical condition level of male archery athletes in Bengkalis Regency by assessing several physical fitness components, including muscular strength, muscular endurance, and cardiovascular endurance, as the basis for evaluating athlete readiness and supporting future training programs. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive quantitative research design involving 12 male archery athletes from Bengkalis Regency selected through total sampling. Data were collected using Leg Dynamometer, Hand Dynamometer, Back Dynamometer, Pull-Up Test, Wall Squat Test, and the 15-Minute Balke Run Test (VO₂Max). Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics and percentage calculations based on established physical fitness norms. Main Findings: The findings revealed that the overall physical condition of male archery athletes in Bengkalis Regency was categorized as poor. Most athletes demonstrated inadequate performance in muscular strength, muscular endurance, and cardiovascular endurance components. The overall assessment indicated that 58.33% of the athletes were classified within the poor physical condition category, highlighting the need for systematic physical conditioning programs. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a comprehensive physical condition profile of regional archery athletes by simultaneously evaluating six essential physical fitness components relevant to archery performance. The findings offer practical baseline data for coaches and sports organizations in designing evidence-based training programs and contribute to the limited literature on physical condition assessment among Indonesian regional archery athletes.
Copyright (c) 2024 Fahrul Rizal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparison of Massage and Ice Massage on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in Hamstring Muscles Following Lying Leg Curl Exercise
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to analyze the comparison between massage and ice massage interventions in preventing pain caused by delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the hamstring muscles after lying leg curl exercise. The study also examined the effectiveness differences between both physiotherapy treatments in reducing post-exercise muscle pain. Methodology: This study used a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test two-group design. The sampling technique employed purposive sampling involving 20 students. Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data analysis utilized paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test to compare the effectiveness of massage and ice massage interventions. Main Findings: The findings showed that both massage and ice massage significantly reduced pain caused by delayed onset muscle soreness after lying leg curl exercise. Statistical analysis indicated significant effects in both intervention groups with p-values below 0.05. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between massage and ice massage interventions, where ice massage demonstrated a more effective reduction in hamstring muscle pain intensity. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a comparative analysis between massage and ice massage specifically for preventing DOMS in hamstring muscles after lying leg curl exercise. The originality lies in the direct comparison of two physiotherapy interventions within exercise recovery management, contributing practical evidence for physiotherapists, sports practitioners, and rehabilitation programs in selecting effective post-exercise recovery methods.
Copyright (c) 2025 Amiruddin Dwi Atmaja https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Community Interest and Motivation Toward Recreational Sports Participation in Solo Car Free Day Public Space
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to identify and describe the forms of recreational sports, public interest, community motivation, and the benefits obtained from recreational sport activities through the Car Free Day program on Slamet Riyadi Street, Surakarta. Methodology: This study used a survey method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The sampling technique applied was proportional purposive random sampling involving 70 respondents participating in recreational sports activities at Solo Car Free Day. Data analysis included preparation, tabulation, and interpretation stages. Main Findings: The findings revealed that Solo Car Free Day accommodated various recreational sports such as jogging, cycling, gymnastics, skateboarding, futsal, volleyball, badminton blind, and nunchaku. Community interest and motivation toward recreational sports were categorized as high, supported by chi-square test results exceeding the critical value of 7.81. The program also improved physical fitness, social interaction, recreation, and public participation in healthy lifestyles. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study highlights the utilization of urban road space as a multifunctional public open space for recreational sports through the Car Free Day program. The research contributes new insights into the relationship between public space utilization, community motivation, and recreational sport participation within an urban social and environmental context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Puput Eka Bajuri, Yoelis Gutierrez Sosa, Kwena Mosime https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sustainable Tourism Development Strategy of Apparalang Beach in Strengthening Tourism Competitiveness in Bulukumba Regency
Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze and formulate sustainable tourism development strategies for Apparalang Beach in Bulukumba Regency to strengthen tourism competitiveness through the identification of tourism potential, infrastructure conditions, community participation, and environmental sustainability factors affecting destination development. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive qualitative case study approach using SWOT analysis. Data were collected through field observation, semi-structured interviews, documentation, and literature review. Research instruments included observation sheets, interview guidelines, field notes, cameras, and audio recorders. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman interactive analysis model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Main Findings: The findings revealed that Apparalang Beach possesses strong tourism potential due to its unique coral cliff landscapes, marine scenery, and increasing tourism popularity. However, tourism development remains constrained by limited infrastructure, inadequate facilities, weak tourism management, and insufficient community participation. SWOT analysis indicated that tourism competitiveness can be improved through infrastructure development, digital tourism promotion, community empowerment, environmental conservation, and integrated stakeholder collaboration. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a comprehensive SWOT-based sustainable tourism development framework integrating tourism potential, infrastructure conditions, community participation, environmental sustainability, and destination competitiveness simultaneously. The study advances tourism development research by offering integrated strategic recommendations for coastal tourism management and sustainable destination competitiveness in regional tourism contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nasaruddin Nasaruddin, Shree Sharman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Hotel Industry Growth and Labor Absorption in Makassar City
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to analyze the influence of the hotel industry on labor absorption in Makassar City by examining the effect of the number of hotels and minimum wage levels on employment opportunities within the hospitality sector during the 2013–2017 period. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative explanatory research design conducted in Makassar City. Data collection used documentation techniques from secondary data sources related to hotel labor, hotel numbers, and minimum wages from 2013–2017. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with logarithmic econometric models to examine the influence of independent variables on labor absorption in the hotel industry. Main Findings: The findings indicated that the hotel industry positively influenced labor absorption in Makassar City. The number of hotels significantly contributed to increasing employment opportunities because hotel development required additional labor in operational and managerial sectors. Minimum wage levels also affected labor absorption, indicating that wage adjustments and hotel industry growth were associated with increased workforce demand and expansion of employment opportunities in the hospitality sector. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides empirical evidence regarding the relationship between hotel industry growth, minimum wage policies, and labor absorption in Makassar City using an econometric multiple regression approach. The research contributes new insights into how hospitality industry expansion supports regional employment opportunities and economic development within urban tourism sectors in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muh. Fadli Syahputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Guest Perceptions of Service Quality at Hotel Satria Wisata Parepare
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to analyze the service system implemented at Hotel Satria Wisata in Parepare City and to identify guests’ perceptions of the hotel’s service quality based on cognitive, affective, and conative aspects as well as the SERVQUAL dimensions of hospitality services. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive qualitative research design. Primary data were collected through interviews and observations involving the HRD manager, hotel staff, and hotel guests. Secondary data were obtained from journals, books, and previous studies related to hotel service quality and guest perception. Data analysis techniques included data collection, reduction, presentation, and verification using the SERVQUAL framework. Main Findings: The findings revealed that Hotel Satria Wisata implemented service standards based on the five SERVQUAL dimensions, including responsiveness, empathy, reliability, tangibles, and assurance. Guests generally perceived the hotel services positively, particularly regarding staff friendliness, efficient check-in processes, accurate information, and comfortable facilities. However, several weaknesses were identified, such as inadequate room cleanliness, aging facilities, and malfunctioning hot water systems that affected guest satisfaction. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a comprehensive qualitative analysis of guest perceptions toward hotel services by integrating SERVQUAL dimensions with cognitive, affective, and conative perception aspects in the context of a local hotel in Parepare City. The research contributes new insights into how service systems and guest experiences influence hotel image, satisfaction, and recommendation intentions in the hospitality industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ulfiyah Putri Adha Bachtiar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ultrasound and Ankle Theraband Exercise for Grade 1 Dextra Ankle Sprain Rehabilitation
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of physiotherapy management using ultrasound (US) modality and ankle theraband exercise in reducing pain, increasing joint range of motion, improving muscle strength, and restoring functional mobility in patients with grade 1 dextra ankle sprain. Methodology: This study used a descriptive case study method involving one patient with grade 1 dextra ankle sprain. Physiotherapy interventions included Ultrasound (US) modality and Ankle Theraband Exercise conducted in three therapy sessions. Evaluation instruments consisted of Visual Analog Scale (VAS), goniometer for joint range of motion assessment, and Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) for muscle strength evaluation. Main Findings: The findings showed a significant reduction in pain intensity, including tenderness, movement pain, and resting pain after three therapy sessions. Joint range of motion in the ankle increased progressively in sagittal and frontal movements. Muscle strength in flexor and inversor muscles also improved following intervention. Ultrasound and ankle theraband exercise effectively enhanced joint mobility, reduced pain, and increased muscle strength in grade 1 dextra ankle sprain patients. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides practical evidence regarding the combined application of Ultrasound (US) modality and Ankle Theraband Exercise in managing grade 1 dextra ankle sprain. The originality of this research lies in integrating therapeutic exercise and physical modality interventions to simultaneously improve pain reduction, joint mobility, and muscle strength within a short physiotherapy treatment period
Copyright (c) 2025 Yunika Putri Alifiah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Physiotherapy Management of Medial Meniscus Tear Using Ultrasound and Exercise Therapy to Improve Functional Ability
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of physiotherapy management using Ultrasound, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, and Exercise Therapy in reducing pain, increasing muscle strength, improving physical activity, and enhancing functional ability in patients with medial meniscus tear knee sinistra. Methodology: This study used a descriptive case study approach conducted at RSP Dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga. The subject was one patient diagnosed with medial meniscus tear knee sinistra. Data collection techniques included observation, interview, and functional examination using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Physiotherapy interventions included Ultrasound, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, isometric exercise, and closed kinetic chain exercise. Main Findings: The results showed decreased pain intensity after four therapy sessions, with silent pain decreasing from 1 to 0, tenderness from 4 to 1, and movement pain from 5 to 2 based on VAS measurements. Muscle strength improved from grade 4 to 5 using MMT assessment. Functional ability also increased significantly, indicated by KOOS scores improving from 79% to 94% following physiotherapy interventions. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study integrates Ultrasound, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, isometric exercise, and closed kinetic chain exercise in managing medial meniscus tear conditions. The study provides practical evidence regarding the combined effectiveness of electrotherapy and therapeutic exercise in improving pain reduction, muscle strength, and functional recovery among adolescent patients with knee meniscus injuries
Copyright (c) 2025 Fahreza Fatih Izzulhaq, Siti Nur Izzah, Shree Sharman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Traditional Sports for Enhancing Elementary Students’ Physical Fitness: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of traditional Indonesian sports activities as an alternative approach to improving the physical fitness of elementary school students compared to conventional Senam Kesegaran Jasmani (SKJ) exercises in primary school physical education settings.. Methodology: This study used a Pretest–Posttest Non-Equivalent Control Group quasi-experimental design (February–March 2025) involving 43 students (22 experimental, 21 control) from State Elementary School 1 Watugede, Kemusu, Boyolali. The Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (ages 6–9) and structured observations across 18 sessions were applied. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance with pretest scores as covariate. Main Findings: The experimental group receiving traditional sports activities demonstrated higher physical fitness achievement than the control group following the standard SKJ program. Learning completion reached 63.64% in the experimental group and 52.38% in the control group. Psychomotor performance, student activeness, and discipline scores were also higher, with an effectiveness coefficient of 0.98, Cohen's d = 0.57 (medium effect), and partial eta-squared = 0.121, collectively confirming a statistically and practically significant improvement. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study introduces traditional Indonesian sports as a culturally grounded and play-based alternative to conventional school gymnastics programs for improving children's physical fitness. The integration of traditional games into structured physical education contributes new practical insights for enhancing student engagement, discipline, and psychomotor development in Indonesian primary education contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hamdani Hamdani, Tien-Tsai Pan, Baxodir Madaminov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sports Talent Potential in Junior High School Students in Sapuran District, Wonosobo Regency
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to describe the sports talent profiles of seventh-grade male junior high school students in Sapuran District, Wonosobo Regency, and to identify sports disciplines that best match their physical and physiological characteristics using the Sport Search talent identification model. Methodology: A quantitative descriptive design was employed using the Sport Search talent identification model. Data were collected from 300 seventh-grade male students selected through total sampling from four junior high schools in Sapuran District. Ten standardized physical and physiological tests were administered, and data were analyzed using Sport Search normative scoring and talent classification categories. Main Findings: The results revealed that 7 students (2.3%) were categorized as Potential, 53 students (17.7%) as Sufficient Potential, 176 students (58.7%) as Less Potential, and 64 students (21.3%) as No Potential. The most suitable sports identified were sprinting, long jump, high jump, diving, and gymnastics. Overall, the findings indicate a relatively low level of detected sports talent among participants. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in the application of the Sport Search talent identification model to a large sample of junior high school students in a rural Indonesian district. The study provides empirical evidence regarding regional sports talent distribution and highlights the importance of structured talent development programs to optimize students’ athletic potential and support long-term sports achievement pathways
Copyright (c) 2026 Septa Katmawanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Banquet Service Quality in Enhancing Hotel Customer Satisfaction
Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine the influence of banquet service quality on customer satisfaction at Hotel Ratu Mayang Garden Pekanbaru by analyzing service responsiveness, professionalism, facility readiness, and event coordination in supporting customer satisfaction and hotel service competitiveness within the hospitality industry. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative associative causal research design using survey methods and structured questionnaires with Likert scales. Data were collected from 81 banquet customers selected through proportional sampling techniques. Research instruments included validity and reliability testing using Product Moment correlation and Cronbach’s Alpha. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, simple linear regression, and t-test analysis. Main Findings: The findings revealed that banquet service quality significantly influenced customer satisfaction at Hotel Ratu Mayang Garden Pekanbaru. Employee professionalism, responsiveness, reliability, and facility readiness were perceived positively by respondents and contributed to higher satisfaction levels. Regression analysis showed a significant positive relationship between banquet service quality and customer satisfaction, indicating that improved banquet services enhance customer trust, loyalty, and hotel competitiveness. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study specifically focuses on banquet services as strategic hospitality operations influencing customer satisfaction, unlike previous studies emphasizing general hotel services. The study integrates banquet operational dimensions including responsiveness, professionalism, event coordination, and facility readiness within customer satisfaction analysis, thereby contributing new perspectives to hospitality service quality and banquet management literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tien-Tsai Pan, Jiye Margate https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Enhancing School Health Program Effectiveness: The Strategic Role of Physical Education, Sports, and Health Teachers in Senior High Schools
Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze and describe the role of Physical Education, Sports, and Health teachers in optimizing the implementation of the School Health Program in public senior high schools in Bantul Regency. Methodology: This study employed a survey method involving 31 teachers as the total population. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on educational, preventive, curative, and managerial indicators. Instrument validity was confirmed through expert judgment, and reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha. Supporting data were obtained through observation and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive percentage techniques. Main Findings: The results indicate that the role of teachers in optimizing is generally at a moderate level. The educational aspect is the most dominant, while the preventive, curative, and managerial aspects are less optimal. implementation tends to be partial, with limited teacher involvement in management and insufficient integration across health program components. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of teachers’ roles by integrating educational, preventive, curative, and managerial aspects within a single framework. It also offers a context-based perspective at the senior high school level, highlighting the strategic position of teachers as key actors in optimizing school health programs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Haeril Haeril, Mohamd Mbaydeen, Rumiya Almakaeva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Improving Early Childhood Gross Motor Skills through Structured Rope-Jumping Activities
Purpose of the Study: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of structured rope-jumping activities in improving the gross motor skills of kindergarten children, particularly leg strength and body balance, through a Classroom Action Research approach implemented in two learning cycles. Methodology: This study employed Classroom Action Research using the Kemmis and Mc. Taggart spiral model consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The participants were 14 kindergarten children aged 4–5 years. Data were collected using structured observation sheets assessing leg strength and postural balance during rope-jumping activities conducted across two intervention cycles and six learning sessions. Main Findings: The findings showed significant improvement in children’s gross motor skills after the implementation of rope-jumping activities. The percentage of children achieving good performance increased from 14.28% in the pre-action stage to 71.42% in Cycle I and 92.86% in Cycle II. Improvements were observed in children’s jumping ability, landing stability, movement coordination, confidence, enthusiasm, and participation during physical learning activities. Novelty/Originality of this Study: The novelty of this study lies in the integration of structured rope-jumping activities with progressive instructional modifications, including warm-up exercises, adjusted rope height, repeated practice opportunities, group-based activity organization, and reward reinforcement. This study provides a practical, low-cost, and developmentally appropriate gross motor intervention model that can be directly implemented in early childhood education settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pravista Indah Sari, Agung Rahmat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development of the Circuit Basketball Learning Model for Junior High School Students in Physical Education Learning
Purpose of the study: This study aimed to develop a Circuit Basketball learning model for seventh-grade junior high school students and examine its feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness in improving cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcomes in physical education basketball learning activities. Methodology: This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method based on the Borg and Gall model. Data were collected through observation sheets, questionnaires, interviews, documentation, and learning assessment sheets involving 12 students in small-group trials, 34 students in large-group trials, one basketball expert, and two physical education learning experts. Data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. Main Findings: The results showed that the Circuit Basketball learning model achieved a “very good” feasibility category with an average expert validation score of 89.6%. Small-group trials produced an average score of 80 in the “good” category, while large-group trials achieved an average score of 86 in the “very good” category. The model improved students’ participation, motivation, confidence, teamwork, and basketball basic skills during learning activities. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in the integration of basketball game modification and circuit training principles into a structured and student-centered learning model specifically designed for beginner-level junior high school students. The developed model combines technical skill practice, enjoyable movement activities, simplified rules, and modified facilities to create more effective and engaging basketball learning experiences.
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Nur Izzah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Predicting Physical Education Achievement: The Role of Sports Extracurricular Activity, Motivation, Discipline, and Responsibility
Purpose of the study: This study examines the individual and joint relationships between sports extracurricular activity, learning motivation, discipline, and responsibility, and physical education achievement among eleventh-grade Science Track students at State Senior High School 1, Grobogan, Central Java, Indonesia. Methodology: A quantitative correlational cross-sectional design was employed with 84 eleventh-grade Science Track students selected via proportionate random sampling from a population of 112. Data were collected using four validated five-point Likert-scale questionnaires and official semester report card grades. Prerequisite assumption tests and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21.0. Main Findings: All four variables showed significant positive relationships with physical education achievement. Discipline demonstrated the strongest individual correlation (r = 0.833), followed by responsibility (r = 0.796), extracurricular activeness (r = 0.789), and learning motivation (r = 0.677). Simultaneous regression analysis confirmed that the four variables collectively explained 90.6% of achievement variance (R² = 0.906, F(4,79) = 190.987, p < 0.001), with responsibility yielding the highest effective contribution (27.6%). Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is the first to simultaneously examine sports extracurricular activeness, learning motivation, discipline, and responsibility as combined predictors of physical education achievement among Indonesian senior high school students within a single regression model, identifying responsibility as the dominant behavioral determinant and demonstrating the collective predictive power of affective and extracurricular variables.
Copyright (c) 2026 Isman Dwi Febriansyah, Soetrisno Soetrisno, Baris Yelegen, Carla Mariela Salazar-Ayala https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Active and Play-Based Physical Education Approaches: A Comparative Study in Indonesia and Thailand
Purpose of the study: This study aims to compare active and play-based physical education approaches implemented in Indonesia and Thailand in enhancing elementary school students’ motivation, participation, and squat long jump performance. The study also examines differences in instructional strategies, learning environments, and pedagogical characteristics across both educational contexts. Methodology: Methodology: This study employed a comparative classroom action research design with descriptive mixed-methods analysis across two elementary schools: State Elementary School Kentingan 03, Surakarta, Indonesia (n = 28) and Ban Nok Mueang School, Phatthalung, Thailand (n = 30). Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation across three phases and analysed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive procedures. Main Findings: Both countries improved instructional quality, student motivation, participation, and squat long jump performance through active and play-based approaches. Indonesian students increased their mean jumping distance by 29.9 cm (+25.3%) through the Active, Innovative, Creative, Effective, and Enjoyable Learning approach, while Thai students improved by 27.7 cm (+22.2%) through structured movement stations and cooperative circuits. These approaches created distinct learning environments that enhanced engagement, confidence, and movement competence. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a comparative analysis of active and play-based squat long jump learning practices between Indonesia and Thailand, which has rarely been explored in previous physical education research. The study highlights the integration of Indonesia’s low-resource instructional creativity and Thailand’s structured movement-based pedagogy as complementary approaches for improving elementary physical education learning quality in Southeast Asian educational contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Karlina Dwi Jayanti, Abrean Meli Andani, Taraporn Suntorn, Poramet Hema https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Small Ball Games as a Motor Skill Intervention for Students with Moderate Intellectual Disability
Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of small ball games as a physical education intervention for improving motor skills among students with moderate intellectual disability in an Indonesian special needs school setting. Methodology: This study employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design consisting of two cycles conducted with eight Grade III students with moderate intellectual disability at SLB Negeri Kendal, Central Java. Data were collected through motor performance tests, participatory observation, documentation, and teacher interviews. Data validity was established using triangulation techniques, while learning achievement was evaluated based on individual and classical mastery criteria. Main Findings: The findings showed progressive improvement in students’ motor skills across both action research cycles. Mean motor performance scores increased from baseline to Cycle 1 and further improved in Cycle 2, while classical completion rates exceeded the established mastery target. Observational results also confirmed enhancement in running and walking command comprehension, ball catching, and ball bouncing abilities through structured small ball game activities. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of small ball games as an adaptive and low-cost intervention for enhancing motor development in students with moderate intellectual disability. The research provides a practical and replicable play-based instructional model for adapted physical education in Indonesian special needs schools, emphasizing sequential and command-based motor learning strategies
Copyright (c) 2026 Raden Sukis Hariyanto, Nada Nabhan Ismail, Murtada Hasoon, Nedal Abu AlFailat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sex-Specific Effects of Resistance Training Intensity on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Aging Adults
Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine the effects of light and moderate resistance training intensities on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels in aging adults, compare sex differences in HDL cholesterol responses, and analyze whether sex modifies the relationship between training intensity and lipid adaptation. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental 2×2 factorial design involving adults aged 45–75 years from the Senam Sehat Indonesia (SSI) PWRI group in Karangpandan, Indonesia. Participants underwent eight weeks of light- or moderate-intensity resistance training. HDL cholesterol was assessed through blood analysis, and changes were evaluated using two-way ANOVA following normality and homogeneity assumption testing. Main Findings: Both light and moderate resistance training were associated with increased HDL cholesterol levels, with no significant difference between training intensities (p = 0.769). Female participants showed a higher average HDL improvement than male participants at the descriptive level; however, this sex difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.187), despite a medium effect size (η² = 0.06), indicating that the study was likely underpowered to detect it. No significant interaction was found between training intensity and sex (p = 0.482). Novelty/Originality of this study: Rather than assuming a uniform physiological response, this study explored whether biological sex influences lipid adaptation following resistance training. Although the sex-related effect was not statistically significant, the observed medium effect size highlights potential biological differences in HDL responses. These findings emphasize the importance of adequately powered sex-stratified trials and provide effect-size estimates to support future research design
Copyright (c) 2026 Intan Suraya Ellyas, Abdelhalim Yousef, Carla Mariela Salazar-Ayala https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparative Analysis of Rehabilitation Approaches for Pencak Silat Injuries: Evidence from Thailand and Iran
Purpose of the Study: This study aims to compare sports injury rehabilitation approaches in Thailand and Iran, particularly the effectiveness of Swedish massage, hot compress therapy, and stretching for reducing pain and improving range of motion among adolescent martial arts athletes with upper limb injuries. Methodology: This study employed a comparative qualitative review design using sports rehabilitation literature from Thailand and Iran. Data were collected from journal articles, experimental rehabilitation studies, physiotherapy reports, and sports medicine publications. Comparative thematic analysis was applied to evaluate Swedish massage, hot compress, and stretching interventions for adolescent combat sport injury rehabilitation. Main Findings: The findings showed that Swedish massage was more effective for pain reduction, while hot compress therapy provided superior range of motion recovery. Thailand demonstrated stronger standardized physiotherapy implementation and institutional rehabilitation systems, whereas Iran emphasized individualized athlete-centered recovery approaches. Early adolescent athletes in both countries showed faster rehabilitation responsiveness compared to late adolescents. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study provides a cross-country comparative perspective on martial arts injury rehabilitation by examining how therapeutic approaches and rehabilitation systems differ across Thailand and Iran. The novelty lies in integrating clinical rehabilitation perspectives with contextual differences in healthcare systems, athlete management, and treatment approaches to propose a more comprehensive framework for Pencak Silat injury rehabilitation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dedi Pirdaus, Somchanok Hongthong, Afsaneh Sheykhi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Employee Service and Hotel Facilities as Determinants of Visitors' Interest in Staying
Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the influence of employee service and hotel facilities on visitors’ intention to stay at Hotel Semesta Semarang. The study also seeks to examine how Islamic hospitality values contribute to shaping visitors’ perceptions and behavioral intentions in the hospitality industry. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative explanatory survey design involving 100 hotel visitors selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentation. The research instrument used a Likert scale and was tested using Pearson Product Moment validity and Cronbach’s Alpha reliability tests. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS software. Main Findings: The findings revealed that employee service and hotel facilities positively and significantly influence visitors’ intention to stay at Hotel Semesta Semarang. Employee friendliness, responsiveness, professionalism, cleanliness, comfort, and security were identified as dominant factors influencing visitors’ behavioral intentions. The implementation of Islamic hospitality values also strengthened visitors’ emotional comfort and increased their intention to revisit and recommend the hotel to others. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in the simultaneous examination of employee service and hotel facilities within the context of an Islamic-themed hotel. Unlike previous studies focusing mainly on customer satisfaction, this research specifically analyzes visitors’ intention to stay while integrating Islamic hospitality values, employee ethical behavior, and religiously oriented facilities into hospitality management research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dhedhy Purwanto, Remaoun Mohamed, Amani Metwally Ibrahim Elbatrawy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Tourism Development Strategy as a Lever of Local Original Income
Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze tourism development strategies in increasing Local Own-Source Revenue in Bandar Lampung City through tourism promotion, infrastructure development, stakeholder collaboration, and community-based tourism approaches to support sustainable regional economic growth and regional fiscal independence. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation involving Tourism Office officials, tourism destination managers, tourism business actors, and community representatives. The study used interview guidelines, observation sheets, and documentation checklists. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive analysis model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. Main Findings: The findings revealed that tourism development strategies contributed significantly to increasing Own-Source Revenue through tourism promotion, infrastructure improvement, stakeholder collaboration, and community-based tourism development. Digital promotion increased tourist visits, while infrastructure enhancement improved tourist satisfaction and accessibility. However, several obstacles remained, including limited budgets, weak stakeholder coordination, low human resource quality, and environmental management issues affecting tourism competitiveness and sustainable tourism development. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis integrating institutional roles, stakeholder collaboration, digital promotion, infrastructure development, and community empowerment in tourism development strategies to increase Own-Source Revenue. This study provides a contextual and integrated tourism development framework specifically for Bandar Lampung City, which has rarely been explored comprehensively in previous tourism development and regional income studies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Hafiz, Abdelsalam Alnaddaf, Shaimaa Adel Yaseen Saleh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Student Learning Motivation in Adaptive Physical Education through Small Game Activities
Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine and describe the level of students’ learning motivation in adaptive physical education through small-sided games among Outstanding Junior High School. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive quantitative method with a survey approach. Data were collected using questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation. The instrument was tested using Pearson Product Moment for validity and Cronbach’s Alpha for reliability. The sample consisted of 23 students selected through total sampling, and data were analyzed using percentage descriptive statistics. Main Findings: The results indicate that students’ learning motivation is in the high category, with intrinsic motivation being more dominant than extrinsic motivation. Students showed positive responses in physiological, safety, and self-actualization needs, as well as social interaction and appreciation. Small-sided games effectively promote active participation, enjoyment, and engagement in adaptive physical education learning. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides empirical quantitative data on learning motivation in adaptive physical education through small-sided games at the Outstanding Junior High School level, which is rarely explored. It integrates intrinsic and extrinsic motivational dimensions in a comprehensive framework, offering a holistic understanding of student motivation in special education contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ricky Almeda, H Heidari Nik, Mohamed Sifi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Case Study of Corporate Facilitated Community Based Tourism Development at Ide Sorowako Beach
Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the mechanisms of corporate-community collaboration in CBT development. It specifically seeks to answer: "How does the partnership between PT. Vale and the local community shape the implementation and outcomes of CBT at Ide Sorowako Beach?" The research also identifies the key supporting and inhibiting factors within this tripartite governance model. Methodology: Employing a qualitative descriptive design, this study is grounded in a phenomenological approach to understand stakeholder experiences and a collaborative governance theoretical lens to analyze partnership structures. Data were collected via in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis involving government officials, PT. Vale management, and local community members (n= [isi jumlah informan]). Data were analyzed thematically using an interactive model, with triangulation ensuring validity and credibility. Main Findings: The analysis reveals that PT. Vale’s management adopts a participatory approach, actively involving the community in operational decision-making, which has led to direct economic benefits. However, community participation remains limited to the operational level, with strategic planning still dominated by corporate agendas. Key supporting factors are the site's natural capital and corporate resource provision. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study contributes to the CBT literature by providing an empirical analysis of a hybrid governance model where corporate CSR initiatives directly interface with community-driven tourism. It moves beyond generic CSR descriptions to dissect the mechanics and power dynamics of such partnerships. T
Copyright (c) 2026 Masriana Masriana, Masour Shqiarat, Nuttapong Jotikasthira