Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE)

From Regret to Growth: Post-Purchase Dissonance Meaning Reconstruction, and Eudaimonic Well-Being in Digital Education Service Consumption

2026-04-24T11:17:32+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study investigates the transformative role of Meaning Reconstruction (MR) in mediating the relationship between Post-Purchase Dissonance (PPD) and Eudaimonic Well-Being (EWB) in the context of digital education service consumption in Indonesia.

Methodology: This study employs a quantitative explanatory design using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Data were collected through web scraping from 500 publicly accessible posts on Twitter (X), Reddit, and TikTok discussing post-purchase experiences with digital education services in Indonesia (2020–2024). Computational text analysis using a fine-tuned IndoBERT model was applied to derive construct scores for PPD (X1–X3), MR (M1–M4), and EWB (Y1–Y4). Indicators were quantified using algorithmically normalized NLP-based semantic intensity scores ranging from 1 to 7, representing computational estimations of construct magnitude rather than self-reported NLP-based normalized semantic score (1–7) responses.

Main Findings: Results confirm that PPD significantly influences MR (β=0.446, p<0.001) and MR strongly predicts EWB (β=0.481, p<0.001). The direct path PPD→EWB is significant (β=0.176, p<0.001), while the indirect effect via MR is also significant (β=0.214, t=8.248, p<0.001), with a Variance Accounted For (VAF) of 54.8%, indicating partial mediation. R²(MR)=0.199 and R²(EWB)=0.338. All measurement model criteria are satisfied: outer loadings >0.70, AVE >0.50, CR >0.70, and HTMT <0.85.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Reconstruction as a critical transformative mechanism, reframing post-purchase dissonance from a purely negative outcome into a catalyst for consumer psychological growth. The use of computational text analysis (NLP + web scraping) as an alternative to conventional surveys further contributes methodological novelty.

Deep Learning and Inquiry Approach for Enhancing Learning Outcomes of College Students

2026-04-24T11:17:06+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study examines the effect of integrating Inquiry-based learning with a pedagogical Deep Learning approach on students’ learning outcomes in a Learning Planning course.

Methodology: Employing a one-group pretest–posttest quantitative design, the study involved N = 50 undergraduate students from two teacher education institutions in East Java, Indonesia, involving Economics Education students from Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri and Universitas PGRI Mpu Sindok Nganjuk. The instructional intervention emphasized Inquiry activities aligned with Deep Learning principles mindful, meaningful, and joyful learning.

Main Findings: Data were collected using a validated learning outcomes test administered before and after the intervention and analyzed through paired-sample t-tests. The findings indicate a statistically significant improvement in students’ learning outcomes, with mean scores increasing from 73.40 (pretest) to 84.80 (posttest), yielding an average gain of 11.4 points (p < 0.05).

Novelty/Originality of this study: These results suggest that the integration of Inquiry-based learning and Deep Learning principles holds potential for enhancing pedagogical competence in Learning Planning courses within teacher education programs.

Rethinking Intention in STEM Education: Cross-Cultural Insights from the Theory of Planned Behavior

2026-04-24T11:17:19+07:00

Purpose of the study: This systematic literature review aims to synthesize current knowledge about attitude-intention relationships in STEM education through the Theory of Planned Behavior framework and identify key factors that moderate these relationships across diverse cultural and educational contexts.

Methodology: Systematic literature review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines using Scopus database. Comprehensive search strategy with Boolean operators covering Theory of Planned Behavior, attitudes, intentions, and STEM education contexts from 2015-2025. Data extraction using standardized forms, quality assessment with Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), and narrative synthesis with bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software for thematic clustering and temporal trend analysis.

Main Findings: Twenty-six studies from 15 countries revealed robust TPB applicability in STEM contexts with significant cross-cultural variations. Collectivistic cultures demonstrated stronger subjective norms effects (β = 0.28-0.48) while individualistic cultures showed stronger attitude effects (β = 0.41-0.58). Cultural intelligence emerged in 38.5% of studies as critical moderator. Extended TPB models incorporating self-efficacy, environmental support, and readiness factors provided enhanced explanatory power beyond core components.

Novelty/Originality of this study: First comprehensive systematic review examining TPB in STEM education with explicit cross-cultural analysis and cultural intelligence integration. Advances existing knowledge by identifying systematic cultural variations in TPB component strength and providing evidence-based framework for culturally responsive STEM education interventions targeting diverse global populations.

Realistic Mathematics Education and Learning Interest as Simultaneous Predictors of Mathematics Achievement: Evidence from a Teacher-Perspective SEM-PLS Study

2026-04-24T11:14:09+07:00

Purpose of the study: Despite widespread recognition of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and student learning interest as critical factors in mathematics learning, their simultaneous contribution to performance, as perceived by classroom teachers, remains insufficiently examined. This study investigates the concurrent relationships between RME implementation quality and student learning interest with teacher-rated mathematics learning performance in elementary schools.

Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional survey involved n = 55 purposively selected elementary school mathematics teachers. Using validated questionnaires with 5-point Likert scales, teachers rated RME practices, student interest, and mathematics performance across nine competency dimensions based on year-long classroom observations. Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with bootstrapping (5,000 resamples) was employed. The measurement model demonstrated robust psychometric properties (AVE > 0.70, CR > 0.93, HTMT < 0.90).

Main Findings: RME implementation significantly predicted teacher-rated performance (β = 0.468, p < 0.001, f² = 0.312, medium-to-large effect), as did student learning interest (β = 0.382, p < 0.001, f² = 0.198, medium effect). Both predictors jointly explained 58.4% of performance variance (R² = 0.584, Q² = 0.398), indicating substantial explanatory and predictive capacity.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study uniquely integrates pedagogical and psychological predictors within a single SEM-PLS framework from the practitioner perspective, addressing a methodological gap in Indonesian elementary mathematics research that has predominantly relied on separate, small-scale analyses. Findings carry direct implications for teacher professional development and curriculum design, particularly in advancing RME adoption and interest-fostering strategies within Indonesia’s Merdeka Curriculum context.

Problem-Based Learning Model in Elementary School Students: Learning Activity and Learning Outcomes

2026-04-24T20:38:06+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study investigates the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in improving learning activity and learning outcomes of elementary school students in IPAS (Science and Social Studies) learning within the context of the Merdeka Curriculum implementation.

Methodology: A quantitative approach was employed using a quasi-experimental posttest non-equivalent control group design. The participants consisted of 22 third-grade students at SDN 02 Nambangan Lor, Madiun City, divided into an experimental class (n = 11) taught using the PBL model and a control class (n = 11) taught using a traditional learning model. Data were collected through learning activity observation sheets and learning outcome tests, then analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests with a significance level of 0.05.

Main Findings: The results show that students in the experimental class demonstrated significantly higher learning activity and learning outcomes compared to those in the control class. The independent sample t-test revealed a significant difference in learning activity (t = 4.129, p < 0.05) and learning outcomes (t = 5.744, p < 0.05) between the two groups. These findings indicate that the PBL model is more effective than traditional learning in fostering active student participation and improving academic achievement.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides empirical evidence supporting the integration of Problem-Based Learning as an instructional strategy to enhance the quality of IPAS learning in elementary schools, particularly in alignment with the student-centered principles of the Merdeka Curriculum.

Enhancing Islamic Teacher Education through CIPP-Based Curriculum Evaluation

2026-04-24T14:34:48+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study aims to critically analyze and validate the applicability of the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model within the framework of Islamic education. Specifically, it seeks to test, verify, and deepen theoretical understanding of the CIPP model by examining its relevance, strengths, and limitations when applied to a religiosity-based educational context.

Methodology: Using a qualitative descriptive-evaluative design, data were collected through observations and semi-structured interviews with 15 participants the Director of KMI, 3 supervisors, 6 teachers, and 5 students selected via purposive sampling. Data were analyzed thematically based on the four CIPP components.

Main Findings: The religiosity-based curriculum fundamentally contrasts with the liberal-humanistic paradigm, which places humans as the ultimate center and measure of all things while neglecting spiritual and divine values. From the perspective of Islamic education, such a humanistic-liberal model is inherently incompatible, as it disregards the transcendental relationship between humans and their Creator.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study presents a novel contribution by revealing that the conventional application of the CIPP evaluation model, though comprehensive in managerial and procedural aspects, remains insufficient to address the complex realities of educational practice particularly within the realm of Islamic education. The model’s limitation lies in its inability to capture the spiritual (ilahiyah) dimensions that are essential to a religiosity-based curriculum. To overcome this gap, the study proposes an integrative framework termed MHI, which stands for Management, Humanitarian, and Ilahiyah components.

From Ritual to Character: A Tri Hita Karana-Based Morning Assembly Model for Holistic Character Education in Early Childhood

2026-04-24T16:17:17+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine how a Tri Hita Karana-based Morning Assembly program functions as a holistic character education practice in early childhood education.

Methodology: A qualitative case study was conducted in an early childhood education institution in Bali, implementing a Tri Hita Karana-based Morning Assembly program. Participants were selected using purposive sampling and included teachers directly involved in Morning Assembly, along with the school principal as a supporting informant. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, participant observation, document analysis, and reflective field notes. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis to identify patterns across implementation structure, teacher mediation, internalization processes, and ecosystem reinforcement.

Main Findings: The findings reveal that Morning Assembly operates through a structured three-phase sequence—pre-activity, core activity, and closing reflection—systematically embedding spiritual, social, and ecological values into daily routines. Teachers play a central mediating role by embodying and interpreting Tri Hita Karana values in relational practice. Character internalization occurs through repeated exposure, emotional engagement, reflective facilitation, and consistent reinforcement within a culturally coherent ecosystem.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study proposes a Holistic Character Education Model grounded in Tri Hita Karana, demonstrating how local philosophical wisdom can be operationalized into a structured pedagogical system in early childhood education. Unlike character education approaches that emphasize discrete moral instruction, the model conceptualizes character formation as a cyclical, ecosystem-based process that integrates spirituality, social harmony, and ecological responsibility into daily lived experience.

A Study on EduTainment: Enhancing Learning Activity in Science Learning

2026-04-24T21:48:56+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study investigates the effectiveness of Edutainment-based learning devices in enhancing learning activity in elementary school science learning.

Methodology: A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental posttest non-equivalent control group design was employed. The participants consisted of 14 fifth-grade students from an elementary school in Madiun City, Indonesia, divided into an experimental group (n = 7) and a control group (n = 7). The experimental group was taught using Edutainment-based learning devices, while the control group received conventional instructional tools. Data on students’ learning activity were collected using observation sheets based on a four-point Likert scale and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, and N-gain analysis at a significance level of 0.05.

Main Findings: The findings reveal that students in the experimental group predominantly reached good (71.4%) and very good (28.6%) categories of learning activity, whereas the control group was dominated by not good (71.4%) and not very good (14.3%) categories. Inferential analysis confirmed a significant difference between the two groups (t = 4.167 > t_table = 2.145), indicating that Edutainment-based learning devices significantly outperform traditional approaches in promoting active learning. Moreover, an N-gain score of 0.6 suggests a moderate but meaningful improvement in students’ learning activity.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in its empirical validation of Edutainment-based learning devices specifically for IPAS at the elementary level, using learning activity as a core outcome rather than solely cognitive achievement.

Edification-Based Leadership Development: Integrating Behavioral and Managerial Design Change Future-Ready Elementary Schools Principals in Urban and Rural Settings

2026-04-25T01:20:19+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study investigates how elementary school principals in urban and rural settings develop future-ready leadership through integrating behavioral and managerial design change dimensions within an edification-based framework to address digital transformation challenges in Indonesian elementary education.

Methodology: A mixed exploratory qualitative design with component analysis was employed, using structured observations and interviews with contrasting questions. Ten elementary school principals from Bandung City and West Bandung Regency were selected via purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using ATLAS.ti software through systematic thematic coding of non-numerical textual data.

Main Findings: Urban schools in Bandung City demonstrated higher digital adaptability, innovative supervision, and active professional development supported by adequate infrastructure and collaborative culture. Rural schools in West Bandung Regency exhibited conventional leadership patterns constrained by limited technology access. Two integrated leadership stages emerged: Behavior Design Change (digital leadership, open-mindedness, efficacy, foresight) and Managerial Design Change (network, digital organization, transition management, digital transformation, innovation strategy).

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study introduces an edification-based leadership development framework integrating behavioral and managerial design change dimensions specifically for elementary school principals. It advances existing knowledge by providing empirical evidence of urban–rural digital leadership disparities in Indonesia and offering a contextualized, culturally-responsive model for developing future-ready school leaders.

English Master’s Students’ Idiomatic Expressions Understanding: Effect of Gender, Causes of Difficulties and Learning Strategies

2026-04-25T18:37:34+07:00

Purpose of the study: Many Master’s students in English Language Education struggle to achieve the minimum TOEFL score. However, limited research has explored how gender influences their understanding of idioms. This study examined: (1) students’ idiomatic understanding by gender; (2) gender effects on idiom comprehension; (3) causes of difficulty; and (4) learning strategies used.

Methodology: A mixed-methods design involving 212 English Master’s students. Data were collected with tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to assess students’ idiom comprehension levels, and the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was used to assess the relationship between idiom comprehension and other variables. For stages of qualitative analysis - data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing – were applied.

Main Findings: The study reveals a medium level of idiomatic competence and no significant gender effect—challenging prevailing assumptions of gendered pragmatic advantages. Key difficulties include limited exposure to authentic input, unfamiliarity with figurative meaning, infrequent reading, and forgetfulness. Students rely on strategies such as reading idiom materials, using dictionaries, making contextual inferences, and using multimedia.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The main challenges stem from limited exposure, literal interpretation, and insufficient cultural and contextual knowledge. Nevertheless, students demonstrated learner autonomy by employing diverse strategies such as using idiom dictionaries, engaging with authentic media, and contextual guessing. The study offers ‘novel’ insights for integrating idiomatic instruction to enhance postgraduate pragmatic competence and TOEFL outcomes.

Building Discipline Through Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors: “Shared Lunch Education” for Early Childhood

2026-04-26T13:35:25+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of discipline through the habit of healthy living in early childhood by examining the patterns, forms, and indicators that emerge in healthy routines, the impact of healthy living behaviors on children’s independence and sense of responsibility, and parental support.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with observation sheets, interview guidelines, and documentation as instruments. The research subjects were nine children aged 3-4 years. Data were obtained through direct observation, recorded semi-structured interviews, field notes, and photographic documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was strengthened through source and technique triangulation.

Main Findings: The results of the study show that discipline and healthy living behaviors are formed through routine habits, teacher role modeling, consistent school culture, and parental support. Children demonstrate disciplined behavior by willingly following rules, eating independently, and taking responsibility for cleaning up their eating utensils. Healthy living behaviors practiced by children include washing their hands with soap, using clean eating utensils, and brushing their teeth after meals.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers new insights into the process of internalizing discipline and healthy lifestyle behaviors in early childhood through school routines, teacher consistency, and parental support at home. These findings emphasize the importance of school culture synergy, teacher role modeling, and family support in forming the foundation for sustainable positive behaviors from an early age.

Elementary Science Learning at the Intersection of Educational Philosophies: Rethinking Pedagogical Paradigms and Practices

2026-04-26T13:35:01+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study aims to map how the educational philosophies of constructivism, progressivism, pragmatism, and humanism shape pedagogical paradigms and teaching practices in elementary science education. It also seeks to develop an integrative conceptual framework that supports meaningful and student-centered science learning in 21st-century primary education.

Methodology: This study employed a qualitative Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following PRISMA guidelines. Articles were retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases covering the 2015–2025 period. Ten peer-reviewed articles were selected after identification, screening, and eligibility stages. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and narrative synthesis supported by a structured data extraction instrument.

Main Findings: Constructivism promotes active knowledge construction through inquiry-based approaches such as CIBSE. Progressivism emphasizes student-centered and adaptive learning environments supported by digital technology. Pragmatism integrates cultural and empirical knowledge through experiential reflection, while humanism supports holistic development by addressing affective and social dimensions. Effective science learning emerges from the interaction of these traditions rather than reliance on a single paradigm.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study synthesizes four philosophical traditions into a unified Integrative Philosophical Framework, which has rarely been explored in previous SLR studies. The findings encourage educators to adopt a reflective multi-philosophical approach. However, the review is limited by its small sample size and reliance on predominantly English-language sources. Future research should involve longitudinal mixed-methods studies across a broader range of educational contexts.

Breaking Connectivity Barriers: B-Smart as an Innovative Low-Bandwidth Mobile Learning Solution for Underserved Communities

2026-04-26T13:34:22+07:00

Purpose of the study: Access to digital learning resources remains a critical challenge in underserved communities, particularly those constrained by limited connectivity, inadequate infrastructure, and low-specification devices. This study aims to design, develop, and evaluate B-Smart, a low-bandwidth mobile learning application specifically engineered to bridge the digital learning gap in resource-limited educational environments.

Methodology: A Design and Development Research (DDR) approach was employed, integrating an offline-first architecture, modular microlearning content, lightweight interface components, and data-efficient synchronization. Evaluation involved technical performance testing on low-end Android devices (1–2 GB RAM), usability testing using the System Usability Scale (SUS), pre-test and post-test learning assessments, and qualitative user feedback from 80 students and 15 teachers.

Main Findings: B-Smart demonstrated reliable technical performance, with an average module loading time of 1.8 seconds, memory usage of 112 MB, weekly data consumption of 0.9–1.2 MB, and an offline access success rate of 98.7%. Usability evaluation yielded an SUS score of 82.4, while learning assessments revealed a mean post-test improvement of 24.6 points over pre-test scores, confirming significant knowledge gains across all user groups.

Novelty/Originality of this study: These findings establish B-Smart as a novel, pedagogically sound, and technically efficient mobile learning solution tailored for low-bandwidth contexts. Unlike existing applications that depend on stable connectivity, B-Smart's offline-first, resource-efficient design ensures uninterrupted learning continuity in underserved regions. The study contributes a replicable development framework for scalable digital education initiatives, with practical implications for policymakers, educators, and developers seeking to advance equitable access to quality education in communities.

“Kabulok Komad Quartet Card” Learning Media: Student Interest and Learning Outcomes in Science

2026-04-27T04:16:25+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study examines the effectiveness of the “Kabulok Komad Quartet Card” learning media in improving students’ learning interest and learning outcomes in science (IPAS) learning at the elementary school level.

Methodology: A quantitative approach was employed using a quasi-experimental posttest non-equivalent control group design. The participants consisted of 22 fourth-grade students at Elementary School 01 Nambangan Lor, Madiun City, divided into an experimental group (n = 11) that utilized the Kabulok Komad Quartet Card learning media and a control group (n = 11) that used conventional textbook-based learning media. Data were collected using a learning interest questionnaire and a learning outcomes test, then analyzed through descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests at a 0.05 significance level.

Main Findings: The results reveal that students in the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher learning interest and learning outcomes compared to those in the control group. The t-test results indicate a significant difference in learning interest (t = 5.358, p < 0.05) and learning outcomes (t = 5.194, p < 0.05) between the two groups. These findings suggest that the Kabulok Komad Quartet Card learning media is effective in creating an engaging, contextual, and student-centered learning environment.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides empirical evidence that integrating local cultural content through game-based learning media can enhance both affective and cognitive aspects of learning in elementary science education.

Communicative Willingness in Dialogic Feedback: A Relational Extension of Feedback Literacy

2026-04-27T04:16:50+07:00

Purpose of the study: Dialogic feedback assumes that students will respond to evaluative comments through clarification, negotiation, or further discussion. However, students do not always turn internal feedback processing into visible dialogue, especially in hierarchical performance settings where speaking may feel risky. This study examined how undergraduate debaters constructed communicative willingness when responding to coach feedback and aimed to extend feedback literacy theory by theorising this relational decision point.

Methodology: This study used a constructivist grounded theory design. Twelve second and third-year undergraduate debaters were selected through purposive sampling from a one-semester university debate preparation program. Data were generated through two semi-structured interviews with each participant, observations of 16 feedback sessions, and relevant artefacts such as feedback sheets and notes. Analysis involved initial coding, focused coding, constant comparison, memo writing, and theoretical integration.

Main Findings: Students' communicative willingness developed through an iterative process of interpreting feedback, regulating affect, assessing relational safety, negotiating possible consequences, and then enacting or withholding dialogue. Silence did not automatically indicate disengagement, because many students continued reflecting on and using feedback privately. Communicative willingness increased when prior interactions suggested that students' voices would be received respectfully.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study introduces communicative willingness as a relationally constructed mediating process between managing affect and dialogic enactment within feedback literacy. It shows that dialogic opportunities alone do not guarantee participation because students also judge safety, legitimacy, and exposure before speaking.

Developing Holistic Gasing Evaluation Model to Balance Cognitive Efficiency and Affective Resilience

2026-04-27T04:17:17+07:00

Purpose of the study: The Gasing method (Gampang, Asyik, Menyenangkan) emphasizes ease and enjoyment, yet evaluations frequently neglect the core pillar of enjoyment. This research aims to construct and validate the Holistic Gasing Evaluation Model (HGEM) to balance cognitive speed with affective resilience, making instructional claims of joy empirically verifiable.

Methodology: This study utilizes a Type 2 Design and Development Research approach. The procedure involves a systematic analysis of eighty-three empirical papers via Publish or Perish software. A conceptual design phase synthesizes identified theoretical references to establish thirty-six specific model sub-indicators. The final development phase employs the Aiken method with three doctoral experts to validate the model content and structural integrity.

Main Findings: The Holistic Gasing Evaluation Model establishes five core dimensions supported by thirty-six psychometric sub-indicators, replacing anecdotal observations with validated instruments like the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale. Results show a mean Aiken’s V of 0.86. Discussion indicates that standardizing these metrics identifies instructional risks when rapid speed gains correlate with elevated anxiety, ensuring sustainable numerical performance. The primary limitation of this developmental phase is the focus on internal content validation without immediate large-scale longitudinal field data.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This research introduces the first psychometrically validated Affective-Safety guardrail for Gasing evaluation, directly resolving the "Joy Paradox" where anecdotal claims of enjoyment lack empirical verification. By transitioning from qualitative narratives to rigorous standardized benchmarks, this study advances knowledge by ensuring that rapid computational gains do not compromise student affective well-being through replicable assessment protocols.

Integration of Islamic Values in Secondary School Curriculum: A Case Study in Public Schools

2026-04-27T02:25:47+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study aims to describe and analyze how Islamic values are integrated into the curriculum at public junior high schools in the Luwuk sub-district, and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in their implementation.

Methodology: This research employs a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and school principals, direct classroom observations, and analysis of curriculum documents and syllabi. Data were analyzed descriptively through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing.

Main Findings: The findings reveal that the integration of Islamic values is carried out implicitly through character strengthening, habituation programs, and contextual approaches across various subjects. Although not all schools apply this integration systematically, educators consistently strive to instill values such as honesty, responsibility, and tolerance. Key supporting factors include teachers' commitment and the reinforcement of school culture, while the main challenges involve limited training opportunities and the absence of standardized curriculum guidelines.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers new insights into the practice of integrating Islamic values into formal education at the junior high school level, focusing on local-level factors influencing its implementation. It also highlights the importance of empowering teachers and formulating clearer curricular policies to support the successful integration of these values.

A Study of Google Docs Learning Media on Creative Thinking Skills and Student Learning Outcomes in Social Studies in Junior High Schools

2026-04-27T03:43:39+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study investigates the effectiveness of Google Docs as an innovative learning medium in enhancing students’ creative thinking skills and learning outcomes in Social Studies learning at the junior high school level.

Methodology: A quantitative approach was employed using a quasi-experimental posttest non-equivalent control group design. The participants consisted of 28 eighth-grade students from Junior High School Negeri 12 Madiun, divided into an experimental group (n = 14) that used Google Docs for learning activities and a control group (n = 14) that used traditional textbook-based learning media. Data were collected through a creative thinking questionnaire and a learning outcomes test, and then analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent-samples t-tests at a 0.05 significance level.

Main Findings: The results indicate that students in the experimental group achieved significantly higher levels of creative thinking and learning outcomes than those in the control group. The independent-samples t-test results revealed significant differences in creative thinking skills (t = 6.957, p < 0.05) and learning outcomes (t = 5.924, p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that Google Docs effectively promotes collaborative learning, active engagement, and higher-order thinking skills.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides empirical evidence that integrating collaborative digital tools, such as Google Docs, can improve both cognitive achievement and creative thinking in junior high school Social Studies.

A Critical Evaluation of Smara Sādhanā Concepts in The Lontar Kama Tattwa for Strengthening Premarital Education

2026-04-27T04:13:53+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study aims to critically evaluate the concept of Smara Sādhanā as presented in the Lontar Kama Tattwa and to examine its relevance in strengthening premarital education in Denpasar. The research addresses the growing phenomenon of premarital sexual practices and the shifting moral values reflected in the discourse of “sing beling sing nganten,” which indicate a process of desacralization of marriage and sexuality.

Methodology: This research employs a qualitative approach with a critical–interpretative design. Primary data are derived from classical Balinese Hindu texts categorized under Kama Tattwa. Secondary data are collected from scholarly literature and relevant studies.

Main Findings: The findings reveal that Smara Sādhanā conceptualizes sexuality as a sacred and conscious practice that integrates physical, psychological, and spiritual dimensions, grounded in dharma and realized within the institution of marriage. The study also finds that contemporary social phenomena, such as the normalization of premarital sex and gender bias, reflect a disconnection between traditional ethical teachings and modern practices.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers a novel contribution by bridging classical Hindu philosophical texts with contemporary educational and social issues. It reconstructs premarital education through the lens of Smara Sādhanā, positioning sexuality as a form of spiritual discipline rather than merely a biological or social act. Furthermore, this research introduces a culturally rooted and philosophically grounded framework that addresses both moral challenges and gender issues in modern Balinese society, thereby enriching the discourse on sexuality education within religious and cultural contexts.

Effective Drill-Based Arithmetic Training for Improving Numeracy Literacy: A Quasi-Experimental Study With High N-Gain among Elementary Students

2026-04-27T04:44:33+07:00

Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a drill-based arithmetic training program in improving elementary students' numeracy literacy.

Methodology: This quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest study involved 32 fourth-grade students selected through a total sampling approach. A 20-item arithmetic essay test was used as the instrument (CVR = 0.89; Cronbach's Alpha = 0.856). The intervention comprised 8 sessions (90 minutes each) integrating drill and practice, concrete manipulative media, scaffolding, peer tutoring, and corrective feedback. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test (α = 0.05) and Hake's N-Gain.

Main Findings: Pretest scores were extremely low (M = 15.31), with 0% achieving KKM (Minimum Completion Criteria). Post-intervention scores rose to M = 82.03, a gain of 66.72 points (435.71%), with 84.4% of students achieving KKM. The Wilcoxon test confirmed a highly significant improvement (p = 0.000001), and N-Gain yielded a mean of 0.7964 (high category). Effectiveness is attributed to the integration of drill-and-practice (behavioristic theory), concrete manipulatives (Piaget), peer tutoring within the Zone of Proximal Development (Vygotsky), and gradual scaffolding. The N-Gain exceeded prior studies. Limitations include the absence of a control group and a small sample size, restricting generalizability.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This is the first study to examine an integrated, multi-component program that addresses all four arithmetic operations simultaneously in Eastern Indonesia (Buton Regency), demonstrating that multi-component designs yield superior N-Gain outcomes and offering a replicable framework for teachers addressing low numeracy literacy.

Semester-Based Differentiation of Communication and Collaboration Competencies in Biology Education: A Quantitative Approach

2026-04-28T11:23:33+07:00

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of academic semesters on the development of communication and teamwork skills among students in the Biology Education program.

Methodology: This study uses a quantitative comparison design with multivariate analysis. Data was collected from 232 students using surveys. Statistical tools and software were employed to analyze the development of communication and teamwork skills across different academic semesters.

Main Findings: Communication competency improved significantly from Semester II to Semester IV, indicating meaningful development in the early-to-mid study phases; however, it showed no further gains by Semester VI. In contrast, teamwork competency remained consistently low and did not differ significantly across semesters, suggesting that routine academic progression alone may be insufficient to strengthen collaborative skills.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The findings indicate that communication competence may develop through mid-program learning experiences, while teamwork competence requires more intentional and sustained instructional support. This study provides new insights into the development of communication and teamwork skills in Indonesian higher education, highlighting gaps in teamwork development and suggesting the need for educational innovations aligned with MBKM and 21^st-century competencies. It contributes to the limited research on skills development across academic levels.