Journal of Basic Education Research

Assessing the Resilience and Preparedness of Basic Education Teachers for Distance Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Surigao del Sur, Philippines

Resa Mae Sangco — 2025-05-11

Purpose of the study: This study assesses the preparedness, challenges, and coping mechanisms of basic education teachers in Surigao del Sur, Philippines, for online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology: A descriptive-evaluative quantitative design was employed, surveying 1,281 professional teachers from the divisions of Tandag City, Bislig City, and Surigao del Sur. Participants were selected through stratified and simple random sampling. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and analyzed through correlation tests and one-way ANOVA in R and Jamovi software.

Main Findings: Findings indicate that most teachers were moderately prepared for online learning but faced significant challenges, including limited access to technology, poor internet connectivity, and insufficient resources. Teacher readiness was strongly correlated with effective coping mechanisms, underscoring the importance of institutional support, collaboration, and adaptability. This study provides localized insights into the experiences of rural educators in the Philippines during a health crisis, emphasizing resilience and institutional backing in sustaining education.

Novelty/Originality of this study: By highlighting the critical role of preparedness and adaptability, it offers practical recommendations for enhancing teacher support systems and mitigating future educational disruptions.

Interactive Story for Teaching Ecosystem Topics Using Twine Application for Elementary School Students

Joyce Maan Loberes — 2025-05-11

Purpose of the Study. This study aims to design, develop, and evaluate EcoQuest, an interactive digital story for teaching ecosystem topics to high school students. Utilizing the Twine application, EcoQuest integrates interactive storytelling to create an engaging instructional tool for science education.

Methodology. A descriptive-developmental research design, following the ADDIE model, was employed. EcoQuest was developed using Twine for interactivity, Canva for visual design, and AI-generated narration for audio. Supplementary videos were sourced from YouTube. The tool was evaluated by science education and IT experts using the DepEd Learning Resources Management and Development System (LRMDS) tool and pilot-tested with Grade 6 Elementary student for usability and engagement.

Main Findings. Expert evaluations confirmed that EcoQuest met high instructional and technical quality standards, while student feedback indicated that the interactive format enhanced engagement and ease of use. The study validated EcoQuest as a viable educational tool, demonstrating its potential to support ecosystem instruction in high school science education.

Novelty/Originality of this Study. This study introduces EcoQuest as a localized, interactive, and curriculum-aligned instructional material for teaching ecosystems. Unlike traditional static materials, it employs branching narratives and multimedia elements to foster student engagement. By integrating digital storytelling into science education, EcoQuest provides an innovative approach to enhancing learning experiences in environmental science.

Effectiveness of Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) in Improving Filipino Student’s Performance in Science and Mathematics: A Meta-analysis

Jonnell Borabo — 2025-05-11

Purpose of the study: This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effectiveness of Strategic Intervention Materials (SIM) in improving Filipino students' science and mathematics performance.

Methodology: Fifteen eligible studies from three databases: Google Scholar, Crossref, and Semantic Scholar were chosen using Harzing’s Publish and Perish tool. The studies underwent meta-analysis using the Jamovi Tool.

Main Findings: Using Strategic Intervention Material has a large average effect size (ES = 1.60) with most of the studies obtaining positive effect sizes (87%). In connection, the moderator analysis showed paper-based SIM has a relatively larger effect size than digital SIM, elementary level obtained a larger effect size than Junior and Senior High and science has larger effect size than mathematics. Nevertheless, all moderators obtained large effect sizes which means SIM is an effective classroom intervention across the different types, grade levels and content areas.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This research introduces new insights into classroom intervention by exploring the use of Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) which was conceptualized and commonly used in the Philippines. The study opens discourse on the use of SIM to improve the learners’ science and mathematics achievement for possible adoption on a global scale.

Kindergarten Curriculum Revolution: Aligning the Independent Curriculum with the Needs of the Global Education Industry

Ulfa Fitria — 2025-05-12

Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine how the Merdeka Curriculum is implemented at TK Darussalam Blokagung Banyuwangi and to identify the challenges and strategies in aligning this independent curriculum with global education demands, as well as to propose practical recommendations for enhancing its implementation

Methodology: Employing a descriptive qualitative case study approach, the research involved one principal and six homeroom teachers, with data gathered through structured observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation of classroom activities; a comprehensive literature review informed the analysis, which was conducted using manual transcript analysis

Main Findings: Findings reveal that the Merdeka Curriculum enables flexible lesson planning that fosters religious character, independence, creativity, and collaboration, leading to heightened student enthusiasm and engagement; however, implementation barriers—such as limited teacher proficiency in project-based learning, inadequate facilities, and insufficient parental involvement—were evident, prompting the school to conduct regular professional development and strengthen community partnerships to improve curriculum delivery

Novelty/Originality of this study: Uniquely, this study focuses on a rural PAUD setting, offering novel insights into adapting independent curriculum frameworks to meet global education industry requirements in under-resourced contexts and generating context-specific recommendations that advance current understanding of curriculum flexibility and the integration of local and global educational values

Implementation of Reading Aloud Methods To Improve Early Reading Skills: A Case Study Analysis in Elementary School

Srihandayani Ningsih — 2025-05-12

This study aims to examine the implementation of the reading aloud method in improving the initial reading skills of grade I students at SD Negeri 1 Talesan. The focus of the research includes the implementation process, student response, reading skill development, and obstacles and solutions faced by teachers during learning. A descriptive qualitative approach is used in this case study. The research subjects consisted of one grade I teacher and 19 students. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the reading aloud method was able to significantly form prosodic skills such as intonation, pronunciation, and voice clarity. Students' responses to this method showed high participation and increased confidence in reading. The main obstacle lies in the variation in reading ability and the limited learning time. Teachers overcome these barriers through adaptive learning strategies, the use of visual media, and individual mentoring. This study recommends strengthening differential guidance and developing comprehensive assessment rubrics as a follow-up step to optimize students' initial reading skills in elementary school.

Cross-Language Sight Word Recognition of Multilingual Learners

Leonardo Tejano — 2025-05-12

Purpose of the study: This study explores the most frequently encountered sight words among multilingual learners in early education. It aims to compare their recognition skills across three languages—first language, national language, and English—highlighting the complexities of sight word acquisition in multilingual settings and addressing a gap in existing research.

Methodology: This study employed a cross-language explanatory sequential design to examine sight word recognition among multilingual learners, specifically Ilokano speakers in the Philippines, where multilingualism is common. Most Filipinos speak at least two languages: their first language, along with Filipino (the national language) and English, which are used in formal education, government, and media. This multilingual context presents unique challenges in sight word recognition, as learners encounter sight words across these three languages. The study analyzed the frequency of sight word occurrence in educational materials and assessed recognition abilities in Ilokano, Tagalog, and English.

Main Findings: The data shows that sight word recognition improves across grades, initially varying by language but converging by Grade 3. Multilingual learners' recognition rates differ based on their language background, with early proficiency in certain languages impacting initial recognition. As learners progress, proficiency in one language influences others, explaining differences in Grade 1 and Grade 2 performance. By Grade 3, recognition rates converge, reflecting research that suggests multilingual learners achieve similar proficiency levels across languages over time.

The Impact of the Question-and-Answer Method on Students' Comprehension of the Akidah Akhlak Lessons at MI Miftahul Ulum

Niken Septantiningtyas — 2025-05-13

Purpose of the study: This study aims to compare how well the lecture approach and question and answer format improve student understanding.

Methodology: This study uses a quasi-experimental design and a quantitative methodology. Thirty students make up the sample, which is split into two groups: 15 students in the experimental group, which employs the question-and-answer format, and 15 students in the control group, which operates the lecture format. Pretests and posttests were used to gather data, and paired and independent t-tests were used for analysis.

Main Findings: The statistical analysis is validated by the findings of the homogeneity test, which indicate that the variance of the two groups is equal (p = 0.17). According to the results, students' comprehension is improved more by the question-and-answer format than by the lecture format. With a statistically significant difference (p = 2.1 × 10⁻⁶), the experimental group's posttest score (86.53) was higher than the control group's (68.8). Constructivist philosophy, which emphasises the value of interaction in creating knowledge, is consistent with these findings.

Novelty/Originality of this study: According to the study, using a question-and-answer format greatly improves pupil comprehension. According to the practical implications, teachers should implement this approach to boost student involvement in Akidah Akhlak learning. Future studies can examine integrating the question-and-answer method with other instructional techniques for the best results.

Implementation of Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students in Indonesian Learning Containing Cultural Values of Wayang Stories in Elementary Schools

Nuryanti — 2025-05-16

Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the implementation of Indonesian language learning embedded with local cultural values from wayang stories to strengthen the dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile at the elementary school level.

Methodology: This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with a bounded case study design. Data were collected using interview instruments validated by education experts, classroom observations, and documentation analysis. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model to identify planning, implementation, challenges, and perceptions in cultural-based learning.

Main Findings: The study found that integrating wayang stories into Indonesian language learning increased students' engagement and understanding of character values such as honesty, responsibility, and cooperation. Teachers showed creativity in designing learning activities but still encountered challenges in evaluation tools and time constraints. Localized story adaptation and collaboration with cultural communities became effective strategies to overcome these barriers.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study introduces a structured learning model that combines language learning with cultural narratives to reinforce character education aligned with the Pancasila Student Profile. It contributes to the development of culturally responsive pedagogy and offers practical solutions for embedding local wisdom into the national curriculum

School Literacy Movement Educational Program in Shaping the Reading Character of Elementary School Students: Using the CIPP MODEL

Anita Cahyani — 2025-05-16

Purpose of the study: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the School Literacy Movement (GLS) in fostering a reading habit among elementary students using the CIPP evaluation model.

Methodology: The study used a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through structured interviews, direct observations, and document analysis. The CIPP model (Context, Input, Process, Product) was used as the evaluation framework. Triangulation and Miles & Huberman's interactive model were applied for data validation and analysis.

Main Findings: Schools with strong leadership, teacher involvement, and community support were more effective in implementing GLS. Activities such as daily reading routines, reflective journals, and integrated literacy learning contributed to students' enthusiasm and consistent reading habits. Schools with weak support structures lacked systemized literacy outcomes.

Novelty/Originality of this study: of this Study: This study offers a comprehensive evaluation of GLS using the full CIPP framework, integrating contextual and systemic factors rarely examined in previous studies. It provides evidence-based insights on how program alignment influences sustainable literacy character development in elementary education.

Strategy to Build a Brand Image of Madrasah Aliyah Al-Amiriyyah Blokagung Banyuwangi

Miratu Khasanah — 2025-05-18

This study discusses strategies in building brand image at Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Al-Amiriyyah Blokagung, Banyuwangi. Educational institutions often face challenges in their public image. This study aims to analyze the strategies applied in building brand image and the benefits it generates for the madrasah. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, with research subjects including the head of the madrasah, WKS Humas, education staff, as well as parents and OSIS. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, with data validity checked through triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study indicate that the negative image of MA Al-Amiriyyah is caused by an unprofessional publication system. To overcome this, the madrasah management implemented various strategies, including superior programs, to reconstruct the image into a quality school. This strategy gradually forms a more positive and attractive school brand for the community.

Effectiveness of Canva Learning Media Using the Discovery Learning Model at SDN 37 Pasar Bukit

Riza Kasmayulia Kasmayulia — 2025-05-18

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Canva learning media in improving the learning outcomes of 5th grade students at SDN 37 Pasar Bukit, Linggo Sari Baganti District, Pesisir Selatan Regency.

Methodology: This development research employs the ADDIE model. The stages of the ADDIE development model are Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The data collection methods used in this study were interviews, observation, tests, and documentation. The pre-test is conducted before using the Canva learning media, and the post-test is administered after the learning process using Canva with 20 multiple choice questions.

Main Findings: The research findings indicate that, prior to the implementation of the learning media, 5 students achieved mastery while 13 students did not. However, after utilizing the instructional media, the percentage of student learning mastery at SDN 37 Pasar Bukit increased by 88.88%, meaning 16 out of 18 students showed improvement, and 2 students maintained their results. With a mastery percentage of 88.88%, this signifies that 16 students achieved mastery, while 2 did not. Therefore, it is evident that the use of Canva based learning media with the Discovery Learning model can enhance student learning outcomes.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This research involves years of research, new research objects and research subjects that have never been studied before and developing learning media created using the Canva application with the researcher's own voice recordings without dubbing.

Home-Based Learning Activities (H-BLA) In Teaching Physics Topics For Elementary School Students

Robert Candia — 2025-05-25

Purpose of the study: This study developed and validated Home-Based Learning Activities (H-BLA) for teaching Physics inspired by the identified Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs) by the Department of Education (DepEd). Acknowledging the significance of adaptive and suitable learning materials.

Methodology: The researchers employed the descriptive-developmental method to create and assess the developed home-based learning activities. The Learning Resources Management and Development System (LRMDS) evaluation tool of the Department of Education (DepEd) for printed materials is used and experts agreed that the developed H-BLA met the standards for printed learning materials.

Main Findings: The findings revealed that the level of validity of H-BLA in terms of content, format, accuracy, and up-to-datedness of information of H-BLA was very much acceptable as validated by the experts supported by the result of factors 1, 2, and 4 being very satisfactory. However, the presentation and organization of H-BLA got a "satisfactory" rating.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study's novelty lies in developing validated Home-Based Learning Activities (H-BLA) for elementary Physics under the K-12 curriculum, utilizing accessible materials to foster independent learning. Grounded in Constructivist Theory, Dale's Cone of Experience, and Contextualized Teaching and Learning, it promotes experiential education. Expert validation and iterative improvement ensure quality, addressing gaps in remote and practical science education

Speed Meets Accuracy: Effectiveness of Left to Right Method on Mental Addition and Subtraction Skills of Elementary Students

Pia Gail Bercasio — 2025-05-25

Main Findings: The expert validation revealed that the Home-Based Learning Activities (H-BLA) were highly acceptable in terms of content, format, accuracy, and up-to-datedness of information, with Factors 1, 2, and 4 receiving 'very satisfactory' ratings. However, the presentation and organization, corresponding to Factor 3, received only a 'satisfactory' rating, indicating room for improvement in the structure and flow of the materials.

Using a Local Culture-Based Outdoor Learning Environment to Stimulate Children's Gross Motor Skills at TK Desa Ranggo Dompu

Reniansyah Reniansyah — 2025-05-27

Purpose of the study: The outdoor learning environment is designed to improve children's gross motor skills at TK Desa Ranggo Dompu. The purpose of this study is to describe how the use of outdoor learning environment based on Dompu local culture in improving children's gross motor skills at TK Desa Ranggo Dompu.

Methodology: The type of research used is field research with a descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were the principal, teachers and students of Ranggo Village Kindergarten. Data collection techniques used by observation, interviews and documentation, with data validity testing using data triangulation techniques.

Main Findings: The results showed that the local culture-based outdoor learning environment at Ranggo Village Kindergarten in Dompu has provided a comfortable and safe outdoor area according to children's developmental stages. The facilities available in the outdoor learning environment include traditional Dompu games, a ball field, stairs and swings. In addition, the outdoor learning environment has been well organised by the teachers to develop children's motor skills. The use of outdoor facilities is very effective in developing children's gross motor skills. Such as jumping, running, catching the ball and sensor integration skills.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Local culture-based outdoor games have a positive effect on improving children's sense of identity, including their ability to improve gross motor skills, coordination and balance, social, cognitive, and self-confidence and courage.

Effectiveness of Literacy Program in Primary Education

Windya Retno Ariyani — 2025-05-30

Purpose of the study: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the School Literacy Movement (GLS) in shaping students' reading habits and literacy culture in primary education, particularly in rural elementary schools.

Methodology: A qualitative evaluation approach was used, adopting the Kaufman five-level evaluation model. Data were gathered through observation, structured interviews, and documentation across six elementary schools in the Sudirman cluster, Wonogiri District, using triangulation and interactive data analysis.

Main Findings: The study finds that the effectiveness of GLS implementation is closely linked to leadership commitment, teacher involvement, student participation, and documentation systems. Schools with structured routines, contextual innovation, and community support show stronger outcomes in reading habits, student expression, and collaborative literacy culture.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study uniquely applies Kaufman's evaluation model in a rural education setting, capturing not only program performance but also the integration of literacy into school routines and culture. It presents a contextualized analysis of GLS, offering a practical framework for policy refinement and school-based literacy development

Innovation of Fiqh Learning through Talking Stick to Increase Students' Learning Motivation in Elementary Madrasahs

Zaenol Fajri — 2025-05-30

Learning motivation is crucial to the process's effectiveness, particularly regarding Fiqh, a subject that requires a thorough comprehension of Islamic ideas. However, the lack of active engagement and attention to learning in class VI at Elementary Madrasahs actually indicates low learning desire among the pupils. Using the Talking Stick approach, this study seeks to increase students' motivation to learn the topic of Fiqh. The planning, execution, observation, and reflection phases make up each of the two cycles of this Classroom Action Research (CAR) project. Fifteen seventh-grade students from Elementary Madrasahs were the study's subjects. The study's findings demonstrated that using the Talking Stick technique can increase students' learning enthusiasm. The average percentage of students' learning motivation in cycle I was 81.71% (good category); in cycle II, it rose to 92.65% (outstanding category). Meanwhile, the learning outcomes increased as expected, averaging 81.71 in cycle I and 92.65% in cycle 2. According to the study's findings, using the Talking Stick method can effectively increase students' motivation to learn Fiqh. According to the study, educators can use this technique as a substitute for engaging and interactive instruction while continuing to create new active learning strategies to raise the standard of instruction in the classroom.

Strategic Budget Planning for Financial Management in Primary Schools

Meti Wigiyantini — 2025-05-31

Purpose of the study: This study aims to identify and analyze the planning, implementation, obstacles, and strategies in budget management at primary schools to support quality education improvement.

Methodology: Descriptive qualitative method; research subjects: principals, teachers, treasurers, and committee members; data collected via digital five-point Likert scale questionnaire; data analyzed through descriptive narrative based on respondent feedback.

Main Findings: Budget planning is participatory and aligned with school vision. Key challenges during implementation include transparency and regulation compliance. Main obstacles: limited budget, low HR capacity, lack of infrastructure. Schools respond with training, IT use, monitoring, and stakeholder involvement to improve accountability and effectiveness.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study highlights integrated strategies combining technology, stakeholder synergy, and capacity development to overcome budget management issues, offering a holistic framework for sustainable education budgeting in primary schools.

Enhancing Discipline through Operant Conditioning in Islamic Education at Elementary School Purnama 1

Agus Sulthoni Imami — 2025-05-31

Purpose of the study: This study aims to identify and analyze the use of operant conditioning to improve student discipline. It is based on Islamic religious education and aims to investigate how teachers or homeroom teachers use operant conditioning in student interactions and how it affects discipline and character development.

Methodology: This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study research design, which seeks to comprehend the case's dynamics and context while generating a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under investigation—specifically, the use of operant conditioning by teachers to students at SDN Purnama 1.

Main Findings: In this study, the form, procedure, and outcomes of using operant conditioning in schools, which is extremely important in establishing student discipline, will be revealed. When teachers or homeroom teachers consistently give rewards and punishments, children are likelier to be disciplined, which benefits the classroom learning process.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study highlights the integration of operant conditioning within the context of Islamic religious education, emphasizing the teacher's dual role as a mentor and moral role model. It explores how this approach not only influences student discipline but also contributes to the moral and behavioral development of students, potentially improving both the quality of teaching and the formation of a better generation.

Glossophobia and Engagement in Oral Recitation among ESL Learners

Vincent B. Bialen — 2025-06-01

Purpose of the study: This research investigates the impact of glossophobia, or fear of public speaking, on the engagement of Grade 11 students during oral recitations at Isulan National High School. The study aims to identify the levels of glossophobia, the challenges students face, and the effectiveness of their coping strategies.

Methodology: A descriptive quantitative research design was employed, involving 130 Grade 11 students selected as respondents. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire that measured physical symptoms, emotional responses, cognitive effects, and behavioral impacts of glossophobia. Statistical analyses, including correlation tests, were conducted to examine relationships among variables.

Main Findings: The study found that students experienced moderate to high levels of glossophobia, with emotional and cognitive effects being most prominent. Glossophobia had a significant negative relationship with student engagement in oral recitations. Although students used coping strategies such as preparation and positive self-talk, these were not significantly effective in reducing anxiety. The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions and supportive classroom environments.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is among the first to comprehensively examine glossophobia among Filipino senior high school students in the context of oral recitations. It uniquely explores both the mediating and moderating variables affecting student engagement, and provides evidence-based recommendations for developing intervention programs to address public speaking anxiety in a digital era.