Indonesian Journal of Education Research (IJoER)

Learning With AI: The Impact of ChatGPT and QuillBot to Approaches to Learning (ATL) Skills of Students

Mary Joy Cabreza Juntarciego — 2025-04-25

Purpose of the study: This study aimed to determine the experiences and perspectives of students of Second Language English (ESL) or English as Foreign Language (EFL) Year 2 International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IB DP), on how Artificial Intelligence - powered assisted tools impact their Approaches to Learning (ATL) skills.

Methodology: This study adopted a narrative approach, an appropriate theoretical basis with Braun and Clarke's Thematic Analysis for qualitative data to uncover codes, sub themes and themes. The method used to gather data was a face-to-face Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with thirteen Year 2 IB DP students (Grade 12) participants. The FGD was recorded and transcribed.

Main Findings: The use of Artificial Intelligence tools had positive impact to a lesser extent and temporarily helpful on their thinking, research and writing skills, with highly positive effect to self-management skills but detrimental in the long term. Overall, AI tools can cause adverse effects on the users, but if it is properly integrated and correctly use with appropriate guidelines, AI tools have the potential to be beneficial for learners.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study explores the impact of specific AI tools, ChatGPT and QuillBot, on the Approaches to Learning skills of students at an IB world school. This study focused on writing, thinking, research, and self-management skills from the perspective of students, themselves, hence, offering insights how AI tools enhance or degrade skills that could shape future educational policies.

Teachers’ Insights on Instructional Leaders: Understanding the Impact of Directors’ Practices on Motivation

Sopheng Tep — 2025-04-25

Purpose of the study: This study consists of two main research objectives. The first objective is to assess the insights of teachers toward their school directors’ ILP and how these practices affect TEM. The second objective is to compare the insights of teachers toward their school directors’ ILP based on teachers’ demographic information.

Methodology: The researcher uses quantitative reseach with a survey approach using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA to address the research objectives. 295 state junior high school teachers who were pursuing higher education at a private university participated in this survey.

Main Findings: The results indicated that teachers have high insights toward their school directors’ ILP (M = 3.94), and school directors’ ILP has a high influence on TEM (M = 4.22). Furthermore, the researcher discovered that gender and age did have significant effects on TEI toward school directors’ ILP, and levels of current study also significantly influences TEM (p < 0.05). In contrast, gender and TEM, age and TEM, levels of current study and ILP, teaching experience and ILP and TEM, do not have any significant effects (p < 0.05).

Novelty/Originality of this study: These findings may provide significant keys to fostering TEM through effective ILP. In addition, these leadership practices enhance TEM within the Cambodian state junior high school context. Hence, school directors, academic staff and teachers can apply these findings in their duties in enhacing institutional’s success. Future research should incorporate diverse educational contexts and additional moderating variables to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between leadership behavior and TEM in other areas.

The Role of Physical Self-Efficacy in Enhancing Quality of Life Among Rural Filipino Youth

Marlon A. Mancera — 2025-04-25

Purpose of the study: This study examines the relationship between physical self-efficacy and the quality of life among rural Filipino youth.

Methodology: The study employed a quantitative correlational design. Data were collected from 378 respondents selected via simple random sampling, using a validated physical self-efficacy scale and a quality-of-life assessment tool.

Main Findings: Findings indicate that students exhibited moderate levels of physical self-efficacy and perceived quality of life. The analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between these variables, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.439 r = 0.439 r = 0.439 (p-value = 0.001). This result suggests that higher physical self-efficacy is associated with improved life satisfaction, highlighting the importance of fostering confidence in physical abilities as a key contributor to overall wellbeing.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study underscores the pivotal role of physical self-efficacy in enhancing rural youth wellbeing, offering new insights into addressing disparities in resources and opportunities for physical activity. It contributes to sports and education policy by highlighting the need to prioritize physical education programs that build self-efficacy among rural youth. Additionally, the study provides practical applications for community-based interventions, such as designing inclusive sports initiatives and accessible recreational facilities, which can promote active lifestyles and holistic development. These findings serve as a foundation for crafting evidence-based strategies to support rural youth in overcoming socio-economic barriers and achieving improved physical, emotional, and social wellbeing.

Validating the Teacher Collective Efficacy Scale in the Cambodian Context: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses

Somphors Khan — 2025-04-25

Purpose of the Study: This study is part of a bigger quantitative research design aiming to extract the initial teacher collective efficacy and convergent validity.

Methodology: This study collected data from 619 teachers in secondary resource schools. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed using SPSS and Mplus software to assess validity and reliability.

Main Findings: EFA identified two factors with eigenvalues of 5.13 and 1.54, accounting for 55.58% of the variation in teacher collective efficacy. The EFA results showed a single-dimensional factor representing teacher collective efficacy. CFA confirmed that all nine indicators had strong, statistically significant loadings (p < 0.001) ranging from 0.65 to 0.78. Fit indices (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, SRMR = 0.028, RMSEA = 0.057) indicated a very good model fit, supporting the construct validity of the scale.

Novelty/Originality of This Study: This study advances knowledge by validating the measurement of teacher collective efficacy through rigorous statistical analysis. It provides empirical evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the scale, contributing to a better understanding of collective efficacy in secondary resource schools.

Grammarly as a Computer-Mediated Tool for Enhancing Writing Instruction

Crison T. Magadan — 2025-04-25

Purpose of the study: This research explores the impact of Grammarly as a computer-mediated instruction tool, on the academic writing skills of Senior High School students in the Philippines.

Methodology: A quasi-experimental research design was used, involving 44 Grade 11 students. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group which received instruction via Grammarly and a control group which followed traditional teaching writing methods. Both groups completed a pretest and posttest thru writing a descriptive essay and a 100-item achievement test.

Main Findings: The results showed that Grammarly significantly improved the writing performance and overall achievement of the experimental group, with their mean scores surpassing those of the control group. The findings suggest that integrating Grammarly into writing instruction can positively influence student performance.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides valuable insights into both lecturers and students by investigating how feedback and evaluation processes facilitated by Grammarly impact the quality and development of academic essays, the study highlights the tool's potential to enhance the writing process. Specifically, it examines the effectiveness of real-time corrections, suggestions, and feedback provided by Grammarly in helping students improve their writing skills.

Evaluation of Changes in Students’ Perceptions of Scientific Article Writing Skills through a Cohort Survey

Hendra Yulisman — 2025-04-25

Purpose of the study: To evaluate the development of students’ perceptions of their ability to write scientific articles and to identify the parts of scientific articles that are most understood and most difficult to understand by students.

Methodology: This cohort survey research was conducted by distributing questionnaires twice, namely in December 2024 and March 2025. The first survey was distributed via Microsoft Form during an online socialization event that focused on the writing of scientific articles from undergraduate theses. There were 67 students present at the event. The second survey was conducted in person during a socialization event that introduced scientific journals affiliated with the Biology Education Study Program at Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The event was attended by 68 students. The data obtained were subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Main Findings: There has been a positive development in students’ perception of their ability to write scientific articles. In addition, this research successfully identified the parts of scientific articles that are most understood and those that are still difficult for students to comprehend.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This research uses a longitudinal survey, specifically a cohort survey, to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of the development of students’ perceptions in writing scientific articles.

Analyzing University Students’ Attitude And Behavior Towards Jesi Program Using Technology Acceptance Model

Brandon N. Obenza — 2025-04-25

Purpose of the study: This study aimed to examine university students’ attitudes and behavioral intentions toward the JESI Interactive Learning Module using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), focusing on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.

Methodology: A structured 5-point Likert scale questionnaire adapted from Davis (1989) was distributed via Google Forms. A total of 269 university students were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS 4.0 and descriptive statistics via Jamovi software.

Main Findings: The findings revealed that PU (β = 0.495, p < 0.000) has significant direct effects toward attitude, while PEOU (β = 0.117, p < 0.144) has no significant direct effects toward attitude. Additionally, attitude (β = 0.594, p < 0.00) has also been found to have a significant direct effect toward behavioral intention to use. Additionally, the structural model demonstrated a good-fit in all PLS-SEM indices.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is the first to apply TAM to evaluate JESI, a context-specific ILM in Philippine higher education. It advances theoretical understanding of technology acceptance and offers practical insights for improving ILM design and adoption across similar digital platforms in higher education institutions.

Exploring the Relationship Between Learner Autonomy and Learner Engagement Among EFL Students in Cambodian Universities

Somara Sun — 2025-04-26

Purpose of the study: The main aims of this study are to: 1) find out how Cambodian EFL university students perceive learner autonomy and engagement; and 2) find out how these two factors correlate to one another.

Methodology: This research adopted a quantitative methods employing cluster sampling for data collection via a bilingual questionnaire in English and Khmer. The data was processed and analyzed using SPSS (Version 23), utilizing both descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation coefficients, to extract insights from the survey findings.

Main Findings: The main findings of this study were: 1) Cambodian EFL university students showed high levels of learner autonomy and engagement, indicating the need for interventions to develop autonomy and create supportive learning environments; and 2) a moderate positive correlation was found between learner autonomy and engagement.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The unique aspect of this research is how it identifies the complex correlation between learner autonomy and engagement among EFL university students in Cambodia. High levels of motivation and autonomy were seen, but there were also clear difficulties with self-perceived competence. This comprehensive perspective enhances the existing literature by emphasizing the impact of contextual elements on autonomy and engagement, therefore addressing a gap in current research. Furthermore, the results underline the significance of creating supportive learning environments and the requirement for tailored interventions. These insights have practical implications for educational policy and pedagogical approaches, indicating that educators have to adopt techniques that foster autonomy and offer tailored support to improve learner engagement and optimize resource use.

Composing Poetry from Rhythm: The Influence of Song Media on the Writing Skills of Grade X Students

Nabila Nur Rizqiyah — 2025-04-26

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine the ability to write poetry with the theme of mother by utilizing songs.

Methodology: The research methodology used is a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques in this study consist of several things, including observation, tests, interviews, and documentation. There are three components used in the analysis, namely, the suitability of the contents of the poem to the theme, the accuracy of word choice (diction), and the use of language style (figure of speech).

Main Findings: The results of the study showed that the ability to write poetry of class X students by utilizing song media was classified as good, with an average overall score reaching 81.83%, which was included in the Good category. A total of 13 students (65%) were qualified as good, 6 students (30%) were qualified as sufficient, and 1 student (5%) was in the qualification that must be maximized, while no students achieved the qualification of very good. The use of songs as a learning medium has proven effective in improving the ability to write poetry, especially in terms of theme and language style, although in terms of diction there are still quite striking variations between participants.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers novelty by combining visual and auditory approaches in learning to write poetry. Students will use songs as a stimulus to enrich diction and emotional expression, so that learning becomes more systematic, creative, and effective.

Kankanta: Unlocking The Cultural and Educational Significance of Ilocano Folksongs

Angeline A. Bacud — 2025-04-27

Purpose of the study: The subjects of this study were the Ilocano folksongs. This study aimed to collect Ilocano songs, know the worldviews of each song, identify the themes, and determine the different values that are embedded in the songs.

Methodology: The researchers aimed to provide a diverse representation of Ilocano culture by collecting 10 Ilocano folksongs specifically songs about relationship. The data were collected online as they were accessible and easy to find. After gathering the necessary data, the researchers sought for English translations of each Ilocano folksong and determined the themes, values, and worldviews in the folksongs.

Main Findings: Results showed that Ilocano folksongs contain themes such as love songs, courtship songs, death songs, unrequited love, sorrow, relationship, longing, admiration, and decision-making. Also the results showed that most of the values that are embedded in the songs are about reassurance, loyalty, sincerity, compatibility, thoughtfulness, vulnerability, being considerate, and being meticulous.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study would be a help to various stakeholders of the educational system as well as to the students taking up language and literature related courses for they would benefit and become well-informed of the analyzation of themes, values, and worldviews embedded in the Ilocano folksongs.

College Entrance Exam Scores and Mathematics Self-Efficacy of Prospective High School Teachers in The University of Southern Mindanao, Philippines: A Correlational Study

Paul John B. Ongcoy — 2025-04-30

Purpose of the study: With mathematics self-efficacy and entrance exam scores being predictors of academic performance, the researchers of this study examined the relationship between these two predictors.

Methodology: The instrument used for this study is the Mathematics Self-Efficacy Survey to measure the first-year prospective high school teachers’ mathematics self-efficacy. After the data were obtained, they were analyzed through the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to find the relationship between the two variables.

Main Findings: The researchers of this study concluded that the level of mathematics self-efficacy of first-year prospective high school teachers differs, indicating that there are some areas of improvement in terms of their confidence in performing everyday math tasks, solving problems, and dealing with mathematics courses. Moreover, it is also concluded that the college entrance exam scores of prospective high school teachers do not have a significant relationship with mathematics self-efficacy.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Despite the evidence that points to the predictive validity of entrance exam scores and mathematics self-efficacy on academic performance, there are limited studies concerned about the relationship between these two predictors, particularly in the context of USM students. Hence, the researchers of this study aim to delve into the possible relationship between college entrance examination scores and mathematics self-efficacy.

Politeness Strategies of President Duterte During Inquest on War on Drugs: Implications on Teaching Communication

Jessa Mae C. Anthony — 2025-04-30

Purpose of the study: This study aimed to explore and determine the politeness strategies employed by President Rodrigo Roa Duterte during the Inquest of the Blue-Ribbon Committee on the Philippine War on Illegal Drugs.

Methodology: A qualitative research design was used, specifically utilizing discourse analysis to examine the politeness strategies employed by President Rodrigo Duterte during the Inquest Proceeding. Data was gathered through video transcription and translation. These data were analyzed using Brown and Levinson’s in 1987 politeness strategy framework to form discourse implications and conclusions.

Main Findings: Results revealed that President Duterte employed all the politeness strategies during the Inquest, namely: bald-on-record, negative politeness, positive politeness and off-record strategy. Findings also showed that Duterte’s dominant use of Bald-On Record strategy mirrors his authoritative and assertive nature, projecting a straightforward and decisive leader. Meanwhile, his limited use of Off-Record strategies displays a strategic balance between explicitness and subtlety depending on the audience and context.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides valuable insights into the role of politeness strategies in political discourse, offering a deeper understanding of how language shapes power dynamics and public perception in high-stakes settings. This also suggests how educators can meaningfully integrate Duterte’s politeness strategies in discussing persuasive communication, public image construction, and the influence of authority in political settings and debates.

Comparing The Anatomy and Physiology of Different Journals Using Meo’s Fish Bone Model

Brenda Anievas — 2025-04-30

Purpose of the study: To dissect and compare the structural makeup of articles from SCOPUS, ACI, and a non-indexed journal and to assess the adherence of these articles to MEO’s Fish Bone Model.

Methodology: Descriptive Research Design, Combination of Quantitative and Qualitative, Survey Method

Main Findings: Scopus articles exhibit a higher degree of compliance with the model, indicating robust structural integrity and content depth. ACI and non-indexed journals show varied levels of adherence, suggesting room for improvement in meeting established scientific writing standards. Moreover, the analysis revealed that the articles share the basic structural framework. However, the Scopus and ACI articles include additional sections indicating a more comprehensive structure. Scopus articles excel in title clarity, abstract quality, and introduction, surpassing those from ACI and non-indexed journals.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Comparing the structures of different articles from different journals using MEO’s fish bone model to guide those who are publishing their research papers.

Using Religious Character Education to Help Students Develop Exceptional and Moral Character

Zaenol Fajri — 2025-04-30

Purpose of the study: This study's backdrop stems from the growing emphasis on religious character in recent years. This study aims to explain how Islamic character education is used at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurul Jadid to help students develop outstanding and honest characters.

Methodology: Interviews, observations, and documentation were used to gather data for a case study approach using a qualitative method.

Main Findings: The study's findings show that incorporating Islamic values into the curriculum, establishing religious practices like congregational prayer, tadarus Al-Qur'an, and daily prayers, and having teachers set an example regarding their attitudes and behavior are all ways to implement religious character education. A structured educational system, teacher collaboration, a positive school climate, and sufficient infrastructure support this implementation's success. In the meantime, challenges include a lack of parental support, scheduling constraints, and various student backgrounds.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study concludes that while religious character education helps students develop high, disciplined, and responsible morals, it still needs close collaboration between families and schools to produce the best results.

Efforts to Increase Students' Understanding of Islamic Teachings Through Extracurricular Tahfidz Activities in Schools Based on Islamic Boarding Schools

Niken Septantiningtyas — 2025-04-30

Purpose of the study: Islamic religious teachings have long been thoroughly studied in Islamic boarding schools. Nevertheless, issues that arise as the times change lead to less than ideal-Islamic religious instruction in Islamic boarding schools. One of the issues is boring instruction, namely the lecture style that is constantly used, which makes pupils disinterested and less able to comprehend Islamic religious doctrine. Innovation in Islamic religious education must continuously be enhanced because many students are drowsy during class, particularly in Islamic boarding schools. Other educational institutions also assist in teaching Islam.

Methodology: This study seeks to increase students' understanding of Islamic religious doctrines through extracurricular activities in Islamic boarding schools. Because this study examines a single case and gathers data via observations, interviews, and document analysis, it employs a descriptive qualitative technique with a case study design.

Main Findings: The study's findings demonstrate that Islamic boarding schools can use extracurricular activities to teach Islam. Following the completion of learning activities, student learning outcome reports show the study's results when it is implemented methodically and taught in a way that meets the needs of the students.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study concludes that extracurricular activities at Islamic boarding schools are a good way to increase students' understanding of Islamic beliefs. The novelty of this approach and the focus of this study enrich the literature on Islamic education and inspire educational policymakers to design religious programs that have a real impact.